Ukuvula iingenelo zeMicrogrid kwii-EV Charging Hubs

Impendulo ekhawulezileyo

I-microgrid ye-EV charging hub idibanisa ukuveliswa kwendawo (i-solar PV), indawo yokugcina (i-BESS), kunye nomthwalo wokutshaja kunye nomlawuli okrelekrele onokusebenza oqhagamshelwe kwigridi okanye osuka kuyo. Iingenelo zicacile: ukuqhubeka nokutshaja ngexesha lokungasebenzi kwegridi, ukuncipha kwama-30-60% kumandla athengiweyo ngokusebenzisa amandla elanga kunye nokucheba okuphezulu, ukonga kwentlawulo yemfuno okuhlala kubuyisela utyalo-mali lokugcina kwiminyaka emi-4-7, kunye nengeniso entsha evela kwiinkonzo zegridi. Kwiidepothi zeenqwelo-moya, iiplaza zeendlela, kunye neendawo zokuhambisa izinto, uyilo lwe-microgrid luguqula impahla yokutshaja yenjongo enye ibe yiqonga lamandla - eligcina ixesha lokusebenza xa igridi ingaphumeleli, lithenga amandla xa engabizi, kwaye lithengisa ukuguquguquka xa inethiwekhi iwadinga. Indawo yokulawula ka-2026 kwi-EU, eMntla Melika, nase-Australia ivuza ngokucacileyo le ndlela yokuziphatha ngamalungelo okunxibelelana, iikhowudi zeziqithi, kunye neemarike zomthamo.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe

• Uyilo lweMicrogrid lunika amandla okusebenzisa ii-EV charging hubs: iitshaja ziyaqhubeka nokusebenza ngexesha lokungasebenzi, zikhusela ixesha lokusebenza kweenqwelo kunye nengeniso yokutshaja kuluntu.
• Iigridi ezincinci zokugcina umbane zelanga zinciphisa amandla athengiweyo ngama-30–60% kwaye iindleko zemfuno ngama-40–70% kwiindawo ezisetyenziswa kakhulu.
• Ukuqokelela ingeniso (i-TOU arbitrage, impendulo yemfuno, iinkonzo zefrikhwensi, iintlawulo zomthamo) kuguqula ibhetri ibe yindawo yenzuzo endaweni yokuba yindawo yeendleko.
• Izikhokelo zokuthobela imithetho (IEEE 1547, EU Network Codes, UL 9540, IEC 62933) ngoku zibonelela ngeendlela ezicacileyo nezilungele ukusetyenziswa kwe-microgrid.
• IiMicrogrids zezona zakhiwo zikhula ngokukhawuleza kwiindawo ezintsha zokutshaja: uyilo oludibeneyo lunciphisa iindleko zokuqala kunye nexesha lokugunyazisa xa kuthelekiswa nokwakhiwa kwabathengisi abaninzi.

Ukusuka kwiSitishi sokuTshaja ukuya kwiSikhungo saMandla: Utshintsho lweMicrogrid

Buza umphathi weenqwelo-mafutha ukuba yintoni indawo yokutshaja kwaye impendulo yayilula: iindawo zokupaka ezineetshaja kunye noqhagamshelo olukhulu lwegridi. Buza umbuzo ofanayo ngo-2026 kwaye impendulo yinkqubo yamandla - leyo ivelisa, igcine, iguqule, kwaye isasaze umbane, ngegridi njengeqabane endaweni yomthengisi yedwa.

Amandla amathathu aqhubele phambili olu tshintsho. Okokuqala, imigca yoqhagamshelo lwegridi kunye neendleko zokuphucula zenze imodeli "yoqhagamshelo olukhulu lwegridi" yaya ingabizi kakhulu, inyanzela abaqhubi ukuba bafikelele ekuvelisweni nasekugcinweni kweendawo. Okwesibini, uqoqosho lokucima kwaba nzima ukulityeshela: inqanawa yokuhambisa engenakuhlawulisa ubusuku bonke ilahlekelwa yingeniso yosuku lonke, kwaye iinethiwekhi zokuhlawulisa zikawonke-wonke zilahlekelwa yingeniso kunye nodumo ngalo lonke ixesha lokungasebenzi. Okwesithathu, abalawuli baphinda babhala imithetho: Amazwe angamalungu e-EU atshintshe uYilo lweMarike yoMbane oluhlaziyiweyo ngenkxaso ecacileyo yokugcina kunye nokuphendula kwemfuno; umbane waseMntla Melika wamkele i-IEEE 1547-2018 ngemigaqo ephambili yokufikelela esiqithini; kwaye abaqhubi benethiwekhi ngoku banikezela ngokuguquguquka okwabiweyo kwinqanaba.

Isiphumo kukuba ihabhu yokutshaja iba yi-anchor yendalo ye-microgrid: inomthwalo omkhulu onokulawuleka, indawo yee-canopies zelanga, kwaye - nge-BESS - umthamo wokugcina ofunekayo kwii-microgrid ukuze zisebenze.

I-Anatomy ye-Microgrid yokutshaja ye-EV

I-microgrid yokutshaja ineeleya ezine ezisebenzayo:

1. Isizukulwana.I-PV yelanga — ngokwesiqhelo igqunywe phezu kweendawo zokupaka okanye uluhlu lomhlaba olusecaleni kwendawo yokugcina izinto — ubukhulu bayo bufikelela kwisabelo esibalulekileyo samandla okutshaja ngonyaka (30–70% kuxhomekeke kwimozulu nokusetyenziswa kwayo). 2.Indawo yokugcina.I-LFP BESS epholisiweyo ngolwelo enomlinganiselo womsantsa phakathi kokuveliswa kunye nomthwalo, wokucheba uboya obuphezulu, kunye neendawo ezijolise kuzo ixesha lesiqithi (ngesiqhelo iiyure ezi-1-4 zomthwalo wehabhu).Umthwalo olawulekayo.Iitshaja ze-EV ngokwazo, zithunyelwa nge-OCPP 2.0.1 kunye ne-ISO 15118, ezivumela umlawuli ukuba alibazise, ​​athobe, okanye abeke phambili iiseshoni ngaphakathi kwemida yesivumelwano. 4.Umlawuli we-Microgrid (MGMS).Ingqondo: ijonga imeko yegridi, iqikelela i-PV kunye nomthwalo, ithumela ibhetri, kwaye iphumeze utshintsho lwe-islanding kwii-milliseconds.

I-MGMS yinxalenye eguqula "iitshaja zelanga kunye nebhetri kunye neetshaja" zibe yi-microgrid. Ngaphandle kwayo, iziqwenga zizimele; ngayo, zisebenza njengomthombo omnye odibeneyo onokutshintsha phakathi kwendlela eqhagamshelwe kwigridi kunye neendlela ezibekwe ngaphandle kokuphazamisa iiseshoni.

Ukuqhina: Ukugcina iHub iphila xa iGrid isilela

I-Islanding yeyona nto iphambili ekukwazini i-microgrid: ukunqamla kwi-grid engasebenziyo nokuqhubeka nokusebenza ekuveliseni nasekugcineni izinto zasekuhlaleni. Kwindawo yokutshaja, i-islanding iguqula ukunqamka okukhulu kube kukuphazamiseka okuncinci.

Ulandelelwano kwinkqubo eyilwe kakuhle luthatha ngaphantsi komzuzwana:

1. I-MGMS ibona i-voltage yegridi okanye ukuphambuka kwefrikhwensi ngaphandle kokunyamezelana. 2. Ivula indawo yokudibanisa okuqhelekileyo (PCC), yahlula ihabhu kwinethiwekhi ephosakeleyo. 3. Ibhetri itshintsha ngoko nangoko ukusuka kwi-grid-following ukuya kwi-grid-forming mode, imisela i-voltage kunye nefrikhwensi yesiqithi sasekuhlaleni. 4. Iitshaja ziyaqhubeka nokusebenza kumanqanaba ombane ahambelana nomthamo welanga okhoyo kunye nomthamo webhetri - umlawuli ubeka phambili izithuthi ezibalulekileyo (iibhasi, ii-emergency fleets) kuneeseshoni zokuzikhethela. 5. Xa igridi ibuya kwaye izinza, inkqubo iyahambelana kwakhona kwaye iqhagamshelane kwakhona ngokuzenzekelayo.

Imfuneko yobunjineli kukwazi ukwenza i-inverter kwi-grid-forming system — inkcazo eyahlula ii-microgrids zokwenyani kwiinkqubo ezilula zokulondoloza. Ulawulo lokwenza i-grid luvumela ii-asethi ezininzi ukuba zabelane ngomthwalo wesiqithi ngokuzinzileyo, yiyo loo nto amaqonga anamhlanje e-BESS ee-charging hubs echazwe ngolu buchule njengomgangatho.

Ubude beSiqithi kunye noShishino loYilo

Ubuchule besiqithi eside buyimfuneko yesivumelwano kubaqhubi abanezivumelwano zenqanaba lenkonzo - ii-arhente zothutho, abaphathi bomhlaba besikhululo seenqwelo-moya, uthutho lwesibhedlele - ngelixa iiplaza zeendlela zidla ngokukhetha ulwakhiwo olufutshane nolunoqoqosho ngakumbi.

Ukuqokelela iNgeniso: Ngaphezulu kogcino

Impazamo kukuqinisekisa i-microgrid ngokumelana kuphela. I-asethi yokugcina ifumana imali kwiindlela ezintlanu ngaxeshanye:

I-stack edibeneyo idla ngokuvelisa imbuyekezo yeminyaka emi-4-7 yokugcina kwaye ilawula utyalo-mali, kunye nokuqina njengebhonasi yasimahla kunokuba kube yisizathu sodwa. Le ngqiqo yokuqokelela ingeniso iyafana naleyo ibhalwe kuhlalutyo lwethu lwe-BESS peak shaving economics] (https://www.midapower.com/), eyandisiweyo ngokukhula kwezoqoqosho kunye nokuveliswa kwazo.

Uyilo lokuthembeka kunye nokuthobela iMithetho

IiMicrogrids zigxila kwitekhnoloji elawulwayo kwi-enclosure array enye, ngoko ke ukuthobela imithetho kukufaka uyilo, kungekhona into ecingelwayo emva koko:

• IEEE 1547-2018(eMntla Melika): umgangatho wokunxibelelana kunye nokufikelela kwiziqithi, kubandakanya ukuthintela ukungena kwiziqithi kunye nokukhwela i-voltage/frequency ride-through.
• Iikhowudi zeNethiwekhi ze-EU(RfG, DCC, kunye nohlaziyo loYilo lweMarike yoMbane): misela amalungelo okuthatha inxaxheba konxibelelwano, ukuqhawulwa kweenkonzo, kunye nokuguquguquka.
• I-UL 9540 / UL 9540AkwayeI-IEC 62933: ukhuseleko lokugcina kunye nokugcinwa kobushushu obuhambayo.
• I-IEC 61851 / ISO 15118 / OCPP 2.0.1: ukutshaja ngokusebenzisana kunye nokutshaja ngobuchule, okufunekayo ukuze kuthunyelwe umthwalo ngaphakathi kwesi siqithi.
• I-NFPA 855(e-US) / iikhowudi zomlilo zasekuhlaleni: indawo, umoya ongenisayo, kunye nokwahlulwa kweendawo zokugcina izinto.

Abaqhubi kufuneka babonise ulungelelwaniso lokhuseleko ngokucacileyo: imisinga yempazamo ngaphakathi kwisiqithi yahlukile kwiimpazamo ezidityaniswe negridi, kwaye iireyi zokhuselo kufuneka zisetelwe kuzo zombini iindlela. Le yinkalo ekhethekileyo - esinye isizathu sokuba ababoneleli abadibeneyo abanee-reference microgrid deployments banciphise umngcipheko weprojekthi.

Uyilo lweGridi oluDibeneyo vs Microgrid: IMatrix yeSigqibo

Umthetho wesigqibo ovelayo: ukuba indawo isetyenziswa kakhulu, irhafu ephezulu, okanye iimfuneko zexesha lokusebenza, iprimiyamu ye-microgrid ihlawula ngexesha layo lobomi; ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwayo kuncinci kwaye ukucima kunqabile, uyilo lwegridi kuphela luhlala lukhuselekile - kodwa umsantsa uvalwa minyaka le.

Isiphelo

Iingenelo ze-Microgrid kwiindawo zokutshaja ze-EV azisathethi nto. I-Islain ikhusela ingeniso kunye nodumo ngexesha lokucima; i-solar kunye nendawo yokugcina amandla athengiweyo kunye neentlawulo zemfuno ngeemali ezibanzi; kwaye iimarike zokuguquguquka zihlawula izinto ezifanayo ezinazo i-hub. Uyilo lukwayindlela eqinisekileyo yekamva: njengoko i-V2G ikhula kwaye iinkonzo zegridi zisanda, umlawuli we-microgrid liqonga lendalo lokuzilungisa. Kubaqhubi beenqwelo-moya, iinkonzo, kunye nabatyali-mali beziseko ezingundoqo abavavanya iindawo ezintsha zokutshaja, umbuzo awukokuba kufuneka siqwalasele uyilo lwe-microgrid - yindlela yokuyisebenzisa ngokukhawuleza. Hlola [iinkqubo zokutshaja ze-BESS ezinikwe amandla yi-microgrid](https://www.midapower.com/) kunye [noyilo oludibeneyo lwe-solar-storage-charging](https://www.midapower.com/) ukuze ufumane iindlela zokubeka ireferensi kunye neenkcukacha ze-islain.

FAQ

1. Yintoni i-microgrid yokutshaja i-EV?I-microgrid yokutshaja i-EV yinkqubo yamandla elawulwayo kwindawo edibanisa ukuveliswa kwelanga, indawo yokugcina ibhetri, kunye neetshaja ezinokusebenza ziqhagamshelwe kwigridi okanye zisuswe kuyo ngexesha lokucima.

2. I-islanding iyinceda njani i-EV charging hub?I-Islaisting ivumela i-hub ukuba igcine izithuthi zitshaja kwi-egciniweyo kunye namandla elanga xa igridi ingasebenzi, ikhusela ixesha lokusebenza kwezithuthi kunye nengeniso yokutshaja koluntu endaweni yokuba kube mnyama.

3. Ibhetri engakanani efunekayo kwi-microgrid yokutshaja?Kwi-hub yeklasi ye-500 kW, i-400 kWh–2 MWh kuxhomekeke kwixesha lesiqithi; ubungakanani beebhalansi bufuna ukonga imali, ukuzisebenzisa ngokwakho kwelanga, kunye neemfuno zokumelana noxinzelelo.

4. Ngaba i-microgrid charging hub ingaqhawuka kwi-grid ngokusisigxina?Ngokwengcali ewe, kodwa ayibizi kakhulu: ukuzimela kwegridi unyaka wonke kufuna amandla elanga amakhulu kunye nendawo yokugcina. Uninzi lwee-hubs zisebenza ziqhagamshelwe kwigridi kwaye zihlala esiqithini kuphela xa kungekho mbane.

5. Ziziphi iindlela eziphambili zokufumana imali kwi-microgrid yokutshaja?Ukuzisebenzisa ngokwakho amandla elanga, ukunciphisa intlawulo yemfuno, i-TOU arbitrage, iinkonzo zokuphendula imfuno kunye negridi, kunye nokuphepha ukucima kwegesi - isixa esihlala sihlawula utyalo-mali lokugcina izinto kwiminyaka emi-4 ukuya kweyesi-7.

6. Yeyiphi imigangatho esebenzayo kwii-hubs zokutshaja ze-microgrid?IEEE 1547-2018 (unxibelelwano/ukudibana nesiqithi), i-UL 9540/IEC 62933 (ukhuseleko lokugcina), i-IEC 61851/ISO 15118/OCPP 2.0.1 (ukutshaja), i-NFPA 855 okanye iikhowudi zomlilo zasekuhlaleni (indawo).

7. Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuguquka kwesiqithi?Amaqonga eBESS anamhlanje adala igridi aqhuba utshintsho lwesiqithi ngaphantsi komzuzwana omnye, ngesiqhelo ngaphandle kokuphazamisa iiseshoni zokutshaja ezisebenzayo.