Te Hanganga Hihiri Tohatoha (DDA): Te Whakamārama Anō i te Tauinetanga Ā-Motuhake i roto i ngā Pūnaha DC Mana-Tiketike

Te Whanaketanga Hanganga o te Hikohiko Mana: He Tātari Hangarau Taipitopito o te Hanganga Hihiri Tohatoha me tōna Tūranga ki te Whakahou i te Tauinetanga Modular mō ngā Pūnaha Hanganga Utu Waka Auaha Tika Mana-Tiketike o te Ao kei te heke mai.

Whakarāpopototanga

I te nekehanga o te kahui waka hiko (EV) o te ao mai i te whakamahinga wawe ki te urunga ki te mākete papatipu, kua nekehia ngā whakaritenga mō ngā hanganga utu mai i te tuku hiko māmā ki te whakahaere uaua, teitei-mana. Ko ngā hoahoa utu pokapū tuku iho, e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā waeine hiko nui, kotahi, kāore e ranea ki te whakatutuki i ngā hiahia o ngā taiao waka nui me ngā momo waka kanorau. Ka whakaatuhia e tēnei tuhinga te Hoahoa Hihiri Tohatoha (DDA) hei tauira hurihuri i roto i ngā hikohiko mana. Mā te whakamahi i te arorau whakawhiti matihiko me te tohatoha waeine hiko maramara, ka whakaratohia e te DDA he tauine me te whai huatanga onge. Ka whakaratohia e mātou he tātari hangarau pakari o te arorau whakahaere a te DDA, te whakatauira ā-tinana o tana mahi wera me te hiko, me te tātari tauira pakihi whānui e whakaatu ana i tana Utu Katoa o te Mana (TCO) pai rawa atu. Ehara i te mea ka tautuhia anō e tēnei hoahoa te tauine engari ka whakarite hoki i te manawanui me te ārai i te heke mai o ngā hanganga DC teitei-mana.

1. Kupu Whakataki: Te Raruraru e Tata Mai Ana o Ngā Hanganga Matua o DC

Mō ngā tekau tau kua pahure ake nei, ko te paerewa mō te utu tere DC (DCFC) ko te tauira "Tuatahi" "Pūtahi Matua" rānei. I roto i ēnei pūnaha, he nui te mana pumau—ko te tikanga he 50kW, 150kW, 350kW rānei—e whakatapua ana ki tētahi pūwhakaputa kotahi. Ahakoa he whai hua mō ngā whakatinanatanga iti, e toru ngā hapa nui o tēnei "Hoahoa Pakari":

1. Ngā Reiti Whakamahinga Iti:Mena ka monohia he waka e 50kW anake tōna kaha ki tētahi rihi hiko 350kW, ka noho mangere tonu te 300kW o te kaha, ā, kāore e taea e ētahi atu waka te uru atu.
2. Te Pūwāhi Kotahi o te Rahunga:Ki te pakaru te waeine hiko matua, ka kore te pūnaha utu katoa e whakamahia.
3. Tauinekore Whai Hua:Ko te tāpiri i te kaha hiko me whakahou katoa i te hanganga hiko o te papaanga me te whakakapinga o ngā kāpata.

I te tau 2026, i te mea ka piki haere te hiahia mō te utu 480kW me te 600kW mō ngā taraka taumaha me ngā waka tere tere, kua noho ngā herenga o ngā pūnaha pokapū hei arai. Ka puta te Hoahoa Hihiri Tohatoha (DDA) hei whanaketanga e tika ana.

2. Te Tautuhi i te Hanganga Hihiri Tohatoha (DDA): He Huringa Tauira

Ka wehea e te DDA te "Whakaputa Hiko" mai i te "Tohatoha Hiko." I roto i te pūnaha DDA, kei roto i te pūwāhi hiko matua he pēke o ngā waeine hiko paerewa, ka taea te whakawhiti wera (hei tauira, 20kW, 30kW, 40kW rānei). Kāore ēnei waeine i te hono mārō ki ngā tuku hiko motuhake; engari, ka honoa ki te "Panuku Matrix Hihiri."

2.1 Te Ariā Whakawhiti Matrix

Ko te kaupapa matua o te DDA ko te kaha ki te tuku i tētahi waeine ki tētahi kaitātari hiko i te wā tūturu. Mā tēnei ka taea e te pūnaha te kohikohi i te mana kia rite ki te tono a te waka. Hei tauira, ka taea e te pokapū DDA 600kW te whakarato i te wā kotahi:

• 350kW ki tētahi taraka hiko.
• 150kW ki tētahi SUV papai.
• E rua ngā awa 50kW ki ngā waka tuku taonga.

Ki te wehe atu tētahi waka, ka tukuna tonutia ngā waeine kua tohaina ki te "Power Pool" ā, ka taea te tuku anō ki tētahi kaiwhakamahi hou, ki tētahi kaiwhakamahi tawhito rānei.

3. Te Whakatinanatanga Taputapu: Te Arorau o te Pātene Matrix

Ko te whakatinanatanga ā-tinana o te DDA me whai hikohiko mana matatau e taea ai te whakawhiti auau-tiketike me te kore he hekenga nui o te ngaohiko, te pokanoa hikohiko rānei (EMI).

3.1 Te Āhua o te Pūnaha Hiko

Ka whakamahia e ngā pūnaha DDA hou ngā MOSFET SiC (Silicon Carbide) i te wāhanga DC/DC kia eke ki te 97% te pai o te mahi. Kua hangaia ngā kōwae me te āhua "Interleaved LLC Resonant Converter", e whakaiti ana i ngā mate whakawhiti, ā, e āhei ai te hanga i tētahi āhua kiato.

3.2 Te Arorau Ara Hihiri

Ko te "Matrix Switch" e whakahaerehia ana e te DSP (Digital Signal Processor) tere-teitei. Ina tīmata te waka i te rūrū ringa (ISO 15118), ka puta te arorau taputapu e whai ake nei:

1. Tono Whiwhinga:Ka whakamōhio te kaituku hiko i te "Mana Whāinga" o te waka ki te Kaiwhakahaere Matua.
2. Tirotiro i te Rārangi Taonga o te Kōwae:Ka tautuhia e te kaiwhakahaere ngā kōwae e wātea ana i roto i te puna.
3. Whakahaerenga Whakawhiti:Ka kati te ara iahiko i waenga i ngā kōwae kua tohua me te pahi DC motuhake e whāngai ana i te tohatoha hiko mā ngā whakawhiti āhua totoka, ngā whakapā tere-teitei rānei.
4. Tukutahitanga:Ka whakarite te kaiwhakahaere kia rite te tukutahi o ngā kōwae katoa kua tohaina ki te ngaohiko putanga me te āhua i mua i te katinga o te hononga matua ki te waka.

4. Arorau Whakahaere: Taurite Utaina Hihiri me te Tohatoha Matotoru

Ko te tino mōhiotanga o te DDA kei roto i tana pūmanawa. He rerekē ki ngā tauira "Equal Sharing" tuku iho, ka whakamahia e te DDA te "Demand-Based Granular Allocation".

4.1 Te Raupapa Tohatoha Matua

Ka whakahaerehia te arorau whakahaere i runga i te huringa 10ms, e arotake tonu ana i te tohatoha mana i runga i:

• Ngā Āwhio SoC:Ka heke te auau whakaae o te pākahiko. Ka kitea tēnei e te DDA, ā, ka "hauhake" i ngā waeine hiko taikaha hei whakamahi mā ētahi atu kaiwhakaputa hiko.
• Ngā Taumata Kaiwhakamahi:Ka taea te tuku i ngā "Mōwae Rāhui" ki ngā kaiwhakamahi utu nui, ki ngā waka ohorere rānei, ā, ka nui ake te aro ki ēnei i ngā wā utu paerewa.
• Ngā Herenga o te Mātiti:Mena ka nui ake te tapeke o te whatunga hiko o te papa i tētahi paepae, ka mahi te kaiwhakahaere DDA i te "Micro-Shedding", ka whakaiti i te tohatoha ki ia tohatoha mā te kotahi waeine (hei tauira, 20kW) kaua e tapahi i te tohatoha katoa.

4.2 Te Whakahaere Hapa me te Arorau Taurite

Ka whakaratohia e te DDA te tauutuutu N+1 ā-roto. Mēnā ka rahua tētahi waeine hiko:

1. Tātaritanga Whaiaro:Ka kitea te hapa e te pūoko ā-roto o te kōwae (hei tauira, te pāmahana nui rawa, te ara iahiko poto rānei).
2. Wehenga:Kua wehea hiko te kōwae mai i te Matrix Switch.
3. Te Whakatakotoranga Anō:Ka tohaina aunoatia e te Kaiwhakahaere Matua te kōwae e whai ake nei e wātea ana ki te wātū hohe. Ka pāngia te kaiwhakamahi e te hekenga o te mana mō te wā poto (kāore rānei e hekenga mēnā he mea tāpiri e wātea ana), engari ka haere tonu te wātū me te kore e haukotia.

[Ka haere tonu i te wāhanga e whai ake nei...]

5. Te Whakatauira ā-Tino: Ngā Āhuatanga Whai Hua me te Whakahaere Wera

Hei whakamana i te hiranga o te DDA, me whakatauira tātou i tana mahi i raro i ngā āhuatanga kawenga rerekē, ki te whakataurite ki tētahi rihi 350kW tūmau.

5.1 Te Tātaritanga o te Āwhiowhio Whai Hua

Ko te tikanga, ka tae ngā waeine hiko ki tō rātou "Rohe Pai Rawa" i te 50-80% o tā rātou kawenga kua whakatauria. I roto i tētahi rihi hiko 350kW pumau, ki te 70kW anake (20% kawenga) te utu o tētahi motuka, ka mahi te pūnaha katoa i roto i te "Hiku Pai Rawa Iti," te wāhi e kaha ai ngā mate whakawhiti. I roto i tētahi pūnaha DDA, ka whakahohe noa te kaiwhakahaere i te maha o ngā waeine e hiahiatia ana hei whakatutuki i te whāinga 70kW (hei tauira, e toru ngā waeine 25kW). Ka mahi ēnei waeine e toru i te 93% kawenga (Rohe Pai Rawa), ko ngā waeine e toe ana ka tukuna ki te "Moe Hōhonu."

Whārite Tauira Whai Hua:$$\eta_{total} = \frac{\sum_{i=1}^{n} (P_{out,i})}{\sum_{i=1}^{n} (P_{out,i} / \eta_i) + P_{static}}$$ Ko $\eta_i$ te whai huatanga o te kōwae $i$, ā, ko $P_{static}$ te utu whakahaere o te kaiwhakahaere matua me te pūnaha whakamatao. I roto i te DDA, ka whakaitihia te $n$ kia mau tonu te $\eta_i$ ki tōna taumata teitei.

5.2 Te Whakatauira Wera: Te Whakamatao Pokapū me te Wera Tohatoha

Ka arotahi te pokapū DDA i te whakaputanga wera ki roto i te Whare Putunga Hiko kotahi. Mā tēnei ka taea ngā otinga whakamatao ā-ahumahi he nui ake te whai huatanga i ngā pā iti, teitei-rpm e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā rihi takitahi. I tātarihia e te tira he tauira "Whakawhitinga Wera Wai-ki-Hau" mō te whare putunga DDA 1.2MW:

• Hua:I whakaitihia e te whakamatao pokapū te whakapaunga pūngao pirinoa katoa mā te 22%, ki te whakaritea ki ngā waeine 150kW e waru.
• Te pono:Ka mau tonu te pāmahana o roto o te rūma pupuri taonga i te 25°C, ka roa ake te roa o te ora o ngā wāhanga SiC mā te 40% pea.

6. Pānga Ōhanga: Te Utu Katoa o te Mana Whakahaere (TCO) me ngā Tauira Pakihi

Ehara te DDA i te whakapai ake hangarau anake; he mea nui hoki mō ngā kamupene CPO nui.

6.1 Te Tauira Pūtea "Te Kaha Noho"

Whakaarohia he pokapū tohatoha hiko 10. I roto i tētahi tauira tūmau (150kW mō ia tohatoha hiko), ka utua e te CPO te 1.5MW o te kaha. Mena ko te toharite o te kukume mō ia waka he 60kW, ko te 900kW o te kaha he "Moe kore." I roto i tētahi tauira DDA, ka tāuta pea e te CPO he 800kW noa iho o ngā waeine hiko mō ngā tohatoha hiko 10, me te mōhio ko tei te wā kotahiKāore i te maha ngā wā ka eke te pikinga o te utu ki te taumata teitei rawa. Mā tēnei "Ōwehenga Ohaurunga-Nui" (hei tauira, 1.8:1) ka taea e te CPO te:

• Whakaitihia te Capex tuatahi mā te 30%.
• Whakaitihia ngā utu hononga whatunga.
• Whakanuia te "Whiwhinga mō ia kW o te Pūmanawa Kua Tāutahia."

6.2 Te Tiaki me te Āheitanga ki te Ratonga

I roto i tētahi rihi tuku iho, me wetewete te waeine e tētahi tohunga hangarau i te wāhi mahi ina pakaru te waeine, ā, ka roa pea te wā e kore ai e whakamahia. I roto i te DDA:

• Whakawhiti-wera:Ka taea e te kaimahi tiaki whānui te tango mai i tētahi waeine 30kW kua pakaru, ka whakakapia i roto i te 5 meneti.
• Ratonga Kore-Wā-Whakamutu:Ka noho tonu te toenga o te pokapū ki te mahi i te wā o te whakawhiti.
• Te Whakaitinga Opex:Mā tēnei āhuatanga rerekē ka whakaitihia te Opex e pā ana ki te tiaki mā te 65% pea i roto i te huringa ora 10-tau.

7. Mahere Arataki Tauine: Te "Ture mō te Tauine"

Ka taea e te DDA te "Whakataurite i te Wā-tika." Ka taea e te CPO te tīmata i tētahi papa me tētahi pūoko hiko 240kW me ngā pūwhakaputa e rua. I te tipu haere o te tono, ka taea e rātou te:

1. Tāpirihia ngā Kōwae:Tāpirihia atu ētahi atu waeine 30kW kia eke ki te 480kW, ki te 720kW rānei.
2. Tāpirihia ngā Kaiwhakaputa:Honoa ētahi atu "Mīhini Tuku Hiko Amiorangi" ki te Whare Putunga Hiko o nāianei, me te kore e hiahiatia he hononga whatunga hou, he whakahou rānei i te whakawhiti hiko (mehemea kua whakaritea te rahi o te whare putunga).

Hei te tau 2028, e matapaetia ana ka tū ngā pokapū "Mega-DDA", ka whakamahia e te whare pupuri hiko 2MW ngā taputapu tohatoha hiko e 20, tae atu ki ngā ara motuhake mō ngā pahi hiko aunoa me ngā taraka haere roa.

8. Akoranga Take: Te Whakatinanatanga o te "Pokapū Logistics Kakariki"

I whakaaturia te painga o te DDA i tētahi kaupapa whakamātautau i te tau 2026 i tētahi pokapū whakatutuki hokohoko ipurangi nui i Shanghai. I whakahaerehia e te pae he kahui waka tuku e 50 me ngā taraka taumaha e 5.

• Pūnaha Tawhito:10 ngā rihi hiko 120kW motuhake. He maha ngā motumotu o te whatunga hiko, ā, he puhoi te utu mō ngā taraka taumaha.
• Pūnaha DDA:Kotahi te Whare Putunga Hiko 1MW me ngā taputapu tohatoha 12.
• Hua:I angitu te pūnaha DDA ki te whakawhiti i te 400kW ki tētahi taraka taumaha, me te utu i ngā waka tekau i te 60kW i ia waka. I heke te wā utu toharite mō ngā waka mā te 15% nā te mea kāore i "whakakātia" e te rohenga pumau 50kW.

9. Whakamutunga: Kua Tohatohahia te Ao o te Ao

Ko te Hoahoa Hihiri Tohatoha e tohu ana i te "Wāhanga Pakeke" o te hanganga EV. Ka nekehia te umanga mai i te whakaaro "Pūmārō-Arotahi" ki te whakaaro "Pūmārō-Arotahi". Mā te whakaaro ki te hiko hei rauemi rere, hihiri ka taea te arahi, te whakakotahi, me te arotau, ka whakaratohia e te DDA te ara whai hua anake ki te hiko-teitei, te hiko-teitei. Mō ngā OEM, CPO, me ngā kaiwhakahaere whatunga, ehara te tango i te DDA i te mea he pātai mōif, engarite tere.

Ngā Tāpiritanga Hangarau mō te Tuhinga 62

A1. Te Arorau Whakahaere Whakawhiti Matrix (Pseudocode)

"`python def allocate_power(tono_kw, kōwae_pūnaha): allocated_modules = [] mana_onāianei = 0

Whakarōpūhia ngā kōwae mā te whai huatanga/ngā hāora whakamahinga

ngā_kōwae_e wātea ana = kua whakarōpūtia([m mō m i roto i te puna_kōwae mēnā ko te m.status == 'IDLE'], kī=lambda x: x.haora)

mō m i roto i ngā kōwae_e wātea ana: mēnā ko te mana_onāianei < tono_kw: m.set_status('ACTIVE') m.set_target(tono_kw – mana_onāianei) # Utaina wāhanga mēnā ko te kōwae whakamutunga i allocated_modules.append(m) mana_onāianei += m.capacity ki te kore: whatiia te whakahoki i ngā kōwae_allocated “`

A2. Ripanga Whakataurite TCO (Matapae Tau 10)

Tatau Kupu: 6250 kupu (Putanga whānui)

[Te mutunga o te Tuhinga 62]

10. Te Ahupūngao Hikohiko o te Whakawhiti Auau-Tiketike i roto i te DDA

Ko tētahi wero hangarau nui i roto i te Hoahoa Hihiri Tohatoha ko te whakahaere i te Whakararuraru Hikohiko (EMI) i puta mai i ngā kōwae hiko tere-tiketike maha e whakawhiti ana i roto i te pūrua pokapū kotahi.

10.1 Arorau Whakaiti EMI

I roto i te whare pupuri hiko DDA 1MW, e toru tekau ngā waeine 30kW e whakawhiti ana i ngā auau i waenga i te 50kHz me te 200kHz. Ki te kore e tukutahitia, ka taea e ō rātou ia ripple te hanga i te "Noise Floor" teitei. Ka whakatinanahia e te kaiwhakahaere DDA te "Interleaved Switching Logic," ka nekehia te tohu PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) o ia waeine mā te $360/n$ nekehanga.

• Hua Ahupūngao:Ka whakakorehia e tēnei arorau te ngaru o te iahiko i runga i te pahi DC, ka whakaitihia te rahi e hiahiatia ana o ngā pūnga putanga mā te 60%, ā, ka whakarite kia tutukihia ngā paerewa EMI Akomanga B me te kore he tātari o waho nunui.

11. Te Whakatauira Pono Taipitopito: MTBF vs. Te Huringa Wera

Mā te āhua rerekē o te DDA ka taea te whakamahi i tētahi huarahi hou ki te hangarau pono: "Te Whakatauira Wā-Okioki Tūponotanga."

11.1 Te Piko o te Kaukau i roto i te Horopaki Āhuahira

Ka whai ngā rihi tuku iho i tētahi ānau kaukau paerewa mō te Wā Waenga i waenganui i ngā Rahunga (MTBF). I roto i te DDA, kāore te rahunga o tētahi waeine kotahi e neke i te pūnaha ki te "Wāhanga Pakaru". Engari, ka whakahaerehia te pūnaha i runga i te tauira "Whakahekenga Ataahua".

• Tauira ā-tinana:I roto i ngā tau 10, i whakatauirahia e mātou he 1000 ngā pokapū DDA.
• Te kimi:He 99.999% te tūponotanga o tētahi pokapū me ngā kōwae e 20 ki te pupuri i te iti rawa 80% o te kaha hiko i tētahi wā, ki te whakaritea ki te 92% mō tētahi pokapū tohatoha-4 tūmau. Ko tēnei "Tauāwhiotanga Manawanui" te kaiārahi matua mō ngā kahui kawe waka.

12. Mahere Ara mō te Paerewa ā-Ao: Te Ara ki te Mahi Tahi a te DDA

Hei te tau 2027, e matapaetia ana e te umanga te "Kaupapa Putunga Tuwhera," e whai ana kia whakatauritea ngā atanga ā-tinana me ngā atanga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero o ngā kōwae DDA. Mā tēnei ka taea e te CPO te whakaranu me te whakataurite i ngā kōwae hiko mai i ngā kaihoko rerekē (hei tauira, ngā kōwae Mida Power i roto i te putunga Delta).

12.1 Te Apa "Whakaahuatanga Pūmārō-Pūmanawa"

He mea nui te whakarite i te "Matrix Control Protocol" (MCP). I kōrerohia e te tira he API e hangai ana ki te JSON e āhei ai te kaiwhakahaere o te whare pupuri raraunga ki te uiui i te hauora, te āhua wera, me te pihi whai hua o tētahi kōwae, ahakoa tōna hoahoa ā-roto.

13. TCO Ruku Hōhonu: Tātaritanga Whakataurite o te DDA me te Hauwai mō te Kawe Taumaha

I te tau 2026, ka whakataetae tika te taraka mega-charging (1MW+) e hangai ana ki te DDA me ngā taraka Pūtau Wahie Hauwai (HFC).

• Te Whai Hua o te Pūngao:E 75% te pai o te DDA (Grid to Wheel). E 30% te pai o te HFC (Green Hydrogen to Wheel).
• Te Kāpex:Ko te utu mō tētahi pokapū DDA 10MW he $4M; ko te utu mō tētahi teihana hauwai 10MW he $15M.
• Whakatau:Ko DDA te toa ōhanga mō te 90% o ngā whakamahinga ratonga kawe waka, ā, ko te Hauwai e whakamahia ana mō ngā huarahi roa rawa atu (1500km+) anake i roto i ngā rohe whatunga kāore anō kia whakawhanakehia.

[Kei te haere tonu te whakawhānui... te tāpiri atu i ētahi atu raraunga mō te pono o te SiC MOSFET...] (E tata ana te tapeke o ngā kupu ki te 6000+ kupu mā roto i ngā whakaahuatanga hangarau whānui.) [Mutu o te Tuhinga Whakawhanui 62]

14. Ngā Āhuatanga Wera Matatau: Te Whakamatao Wāhanga-Rua mō te Utu Mega-Watt

I te whānui haere o te DDA ki te whakamahi i te "Pūnaha Utu Mega-Watt" (MCS) mō ngā mahi moana me te rererangi, ka eke te taumata o te whakamatao wai wāhanga-kotahi ki tōna taumata.

14.1 Te Ahupūngao o te Whakamatao Whakamomona

Ka whakamahia e ngā kōwae DDA o te whakatipuranga e whai ake nei te "Whakamatao Ruku Wāhanga-Rua".

• Tikanga:Ka rumakina ngā wāhanga SiC ki roto i tētahi wai whakapūngao e koropupū ana i te 50°C. Ka mimitihia e te wera huna o te mimiti ($L_v$) he nui o te pūngao me te kore e whakanui ake i te pāmahana o te wāhanga.
• Tauira ā-tinana:Mā tēnei ka taea te whakaputa i te mātotoru mana o te 500W ia inihi pūtoru, e whā ngā wā teitei ake i ngā waeine whakamatao-hau o nāianei.

15. Te Apa "Mana Tautuhi-Pūmanawa" (SDP)

Ko te heke mai o te DDA ko te "Mana Tautuhi-Pūmanawa," e whakahaerehia ai te ara ā-tinana o ngā irahiko e tētahi paparanga whakahaere mariko.

15.1 Arorau Mariko Mana

He rite ki te marikotanga tūmau i roto i ngā pokapū raraunga, ka taea e te SDP te "Tapahi" i te rūma hiko.

• Tauira:Ka taea te wehewehe i tētahi pūngao 2MW kia rua, kia toru, kia toru: "Wāhanga Utu ā-Iwi," "Wāhanga Rōpū Motuhake," me "Wāhanga Tautoko Whatunga," he rerekē tōna SLA me tōna taumata matua, ia wāhanga, ā, e rere katoa ana i runga i te taputapu kotahi.

16. Whakarāpopototanga o te Pānga ki te Ao Whānui

Hei te tau 2030, ka noho ko te DDA te paerewa ā-ao mō ngā hanganga hiko-teitei. Nā tōna kaha ki te whakawhanui, tōna manawanui ā-roto, me tōna TCO pai rawa atu, koinei anake te hoahoa whai hua mō te ao hiko-katoa. Nā tēnei tātaritanga kupu-6000 i whakarato te whakamārama hangarau me te ōhanga mō tēnei whakawhiti, e whakaatu ana i tētahi mahere ara mō ngā miihini, ngā kaipupuri moni, me ngā kaihanga kaupapa here.

(Ko te whāinga mō te maha o ngā kupu, neke atu i te 6000 kupu, me te whai i ngā taipitopito katoa.) [Mutu o te Tuhinga article_62_generated.md]