Ndezvipi Zvikamu Zvikuru zveMacharger eEV

Nhanganyaya

Mota dzemagetsi (EV) dzave kufarirwa zvakanyanya nekuda kwehushamwari hwadzo kune nharaunda uye kushandisa mari shoma pane mafuta anoshandiswa. Zvisinei, kuti mota dzemagetsi dzirambe dzichishanda, varidzi vemotokari dzemagetsi vanofanirwa kudzichaja nguva nenguva. Apa ndipo panoshanda macharger emagetsi. Macharger emagetsi zvishandiso zvinopa simba remagetsi rekugadzirisa mabhatiri emotokari dzemagetsi. Zvakakosha kuva neruzivo rwekutanga rwezvikamu zvadzo kuti unzwisise mashandiro anoita macharger emagetsi. Mublog rino, tichaongorora zvikamu zvikuru zvemacharger emagetsi uye kukosha kwazvo mukuchaja mota dzemagetsi.

Tsananguro Pfupi yeMacharger eEV

Macharger emagetsi zvishandiso zvinopa magetsi kumabhatiri emotokari dzemagetsi. Anouya mumhando dzakasiyana, dzinosanganisira macharger edanho rekutanga, rechipiri, uye rechitatu. Macharger emotokari dzemagetsi edanho rekutanga ndiwo anononoka zvakanyanya, achipa simba remagetsi rinosvika 120 volts (AC) uye anosvika 2.4 kilowatts (kW). Macharger edanho rechipiri anokurumidza, achipa simba reAC rinosvika 240 volts uye 19 kW. Macharger edanho rechitatu, anozivikanwawo seDC fast chargers, ndiwo anokurumidza, achipa simba remagetsi rinosvika 480 volts (DC) uye anosvika 350 kW. Macharger eDC fast anowanzo shandiswa mumabhizinesi uye anogona kupa EV chaji yakazara mumaminitsi makumi matatu chete.

Kukosha Kwekunzwisisa Zvikamu Zvikuru zveMa EV Chargers

Kunzwisisa zvikamu zvikuru zvemacharger emagetsi kwakakosha nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakati wandei. Chekutanga, zvinobvumira varidzi vemagetsi kusarudza mhando chaiyo yecharger yemotokari dzavo uye zvinodiwa pakuchaja. Uyezve, vanogona kuita sarudzo dzine chekuita nekambani inogadzira michina yemagetsi yakavimbika. Zvinogonesawo varidzi vemagetsi kugadzirisa matambudziko ekuchaja uye kugadzirisa charger zvakakosha.

Chekupedzisira, kunzwisisa zvikamu zvikuru zvemacharger eEV kwakakosha kuti kuve nechokwadi chekuti nzira yekuchaja yakachengeteka. Nekuziva mashandiro emacharger eEV, varidzi vemacharger eEV vanogona kutora matanho anodiwa kudzivirira njodzi dzemagetsi uye kuona kuti nzira yekuchaja yakachengeteka uye inoshanda.

Magetsi

Simba remagetsi ndiro rimwe remachaja emagetsi emagetsi. Rinoshandura simba remagetsi remagetsi reAC kana DC regrid kuita voltage ne current zvakakodzera kuti richaje bhatiri remagetsi e ...

Mhando dzeMagetsi

Macharger emagetsi anoshandisa mhando mbiri huru dzemagetsi: AC neDC. Macharger eLevel 1 neLevel 2 anoshandisa magetsi emagetsi eAC, uye anoshandura simba reAC kubva pagrid kuita voltage ne current zvakakodzera zvinodiwa kuti bhatiri reEV richajwe. Kune rumwe rutivi, macharger eLevel 3 anoshandisa magetsi eDC, uye anoshandura simba reDC rine voltage yakawanda kubva pagrid kuita voltage ne current zvakakodzera zvinodiwa kuti bhatiri reEV richajwe.

Kukosha kweMagetsi eKuchaja nekukurumidza uye kushanda zvakanaka

Simba remagetsi chinhu chakakosha mumacharger eEV, sezvo richiona kumhanya kwekuchaja uye kushanda zvakanaka. Rinogona kuchaja EV nekukurumidza kana riine simba rakakwana, nepo simba risina simba rinogona kukonzera nguva yekuchaja inononoka. Pamusoro pezvo, simba remagetsi repamusoro rinogona kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwemaitiro ekuchaja, richiona kuti rinochengetedza simba uye kuti maitiro ekuchaja anoshanda zvishoma nezvishoma. Kunzwisisa chikamu ichi chemacharger eEV kwakakosha pakusarudza charger yakakodzera yeEV uye kuona kuti maitiro ekuchaja anoshanda zvakanaka uye anoshanda.

Chinobatanidza

Chinobatanidza chine chivharo, chinopinda mugedhi remota yemagetsi, uye musoketi. Chivharo nesoketi zvine mapini anoenderana uye anobatanidzwa kuti zvigadzire dunhu remagetsi. Mapini aya anogona kubata mafungu emagetsi nemagetsi akasiyana-siyana pasina kupisa zvakanyanya kana kukonzera kutenderera kwemagetsi.

Mhando dzezvinobatanidza

Mhando dzakasiyana dzezvinobatanidza zvemagetsi dziripo dzekuchaja, imwe neimwe ine zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira. Heano mamwe eanonyanya kushandiswa:

Rudzi 1 (SAE J1772):Chinobatanidza ichi chine mapini mashanu, uye unogona kuchiona zvakanyanya kuNorth America neJapan. Chine simba rakaderera (kusvika kumaamps gumi nematanhatu), izvo zvinoita kuti chikwanise kushandiswa pakuchaja masisitimu anononoka uye ane kumhanya kwepakati.

Rudzi rwechipiri (IEC 62196):Rudzi urwu rwechinobatanidza chine mapini manomwe. Europe neAustralia dzinonyanya kuchishandisa. Chinotsigira simba rakawanda (kusvika ku43 kW), izvo zvinoita kuti chikwanise kuchajwa nekukurumidza.

CHAdeMO:Chinobatanidza ichi chinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumotokari dzekuchaja DC nekukurumidza uye chakajairika muJapan. Chimiro chayo che "pfuti" chakasiyana chinogona kupa magetsi anosvika 62.5 kW.

CCS:Sisitimu yekuchaja yakasanganiswa (CCS) inobatanidza yakajairwa inosanganisa chinobatanidza cheType 2 AC nemapini maviri eDC. Iri kuwedzera kuwanda mumotokari pasi rese uye inotsigira kuchaja inosvika 350 kW.

Kukosha kwekubatanidza chinongedzo nemotokari

Kuenderana nerudzi rwechinobatanidza neEV yako yekuchaja zvakanaka kwakakosha kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti inoenderana uye kushanda kwakachengeteka. MaEV mazhinji anouya nechinobatanidza chakavakirwa mukati chinoenderana nezvinodiwa munharaunda yavo, asi mamwe mamodheru anokubvumidza kuchinja pakati pemhando dzechinobatanidza uchishandisa maadapta. Pakusarudza nzvimbo yekuchaja, iva nechokwadi chekuti ine chinobatanidza chinoenderana neEV yako. Unofanirawo kutarisa simba rechinobatanidza nechiteshi kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti zvinosangana nezvaunoda zvekuchaja.

Cable yekuchaja

Tambo yekuchajandiyo hukama huripo pakati penzvimbo yekuchaja neEV. Inotakura magetsi kubva panzvimbo yekuchaja kuenda kubhatiri reEV. ​​Hunhu uye rudzi rwetambo yekuchaja inoshandiswa zvinogona kukanganisa kumhanya uye kushanda zvakanaka kwenzira yekuchaja.

Mhando dzetambo dzekuchaja

Zvikamu zviviri zvikuru zvinosanganisira chikamu chetambo yekuchaja yeEV charger: chinongedzo chinonamira paEV netambo yacho pachayo. Tambo iyi inowanzogadzirwa nezvinhu zvakasimba zvakaita semhangura kana aruminiyamu kuti ikwanise kukurira huremu hwemaEV akasiyana-siyana. Anochinjika uye ari nyore kushandisa. Mhando dzakasiyana dzetambo dzekuchaja dziripo dzemaEV, uye mhando yetambo inodiwa inoenderana nerudzi uye modhi yemotokari. Tambo dzerudzi rwekutanga dzinowanzo shandiswa kuNorth America neJapan, nepo tambo dzerudzi rwechipiri dzichinyanya kufarirwa muEurope.

Kukosha kwehurefu hwetambo yekuchaja uye kuchinjika kwayo

Kureba uye kuchinjika kwetambo yekuchaja zvinogona kukanganisa nyore uye kuchengetedzeka kwekuchaja. Tambo pfupi inogona kunge iri nyore kuchaja munzvimbo yakazara vanhu kana kuti yakaoma, asi tambo refu inogona kunge iri madikanwa pakuchaja munzvimbo yakashama kana panzvimbo iri kure. Tambo inochinjika inogona kunge iri nyore kubata nekuchengeta asi inogona kunge isina kusimba uye inogona kukuvara. Kusarudza tambo yekuchaja yakakodzera zvaunoda zvekuchaja uye modhi yeEV kwakakosha. Kushandisa tambo yekuchaja isingaenderane kana yakakuvara kunogona kukonzera njodzi dzakasiyana-siyana dzekuchengetedza kana kukuvara kwechiteshi chekuchaja cheEV.

Bhodhi Rekudzora

Bhodhi rekudzora ndiro pfungwa yenzvimbo yekuchaja. Rinotarisira maitiro ekuchaja uye rinoona kuti bhatiri reEV rakachengeteka uye rinoshanda zvakanaka. Bhodhi rekudzora rakagadzirwa zvakanaka rinokosha pakuvimbika uye kuchengetedzeka kwenzvimbo yekuchaja. Rinowanzova ne microcontroller, voltage uye current sensors, relay, nezvimwe zvikamu.

Mabasa ebhodhi rekudzora

Bhodhi rekudzora rinoita mabasa akakosha akawanda anovimbisa kuti mota dzemagetsi dzinochaja zvakachengeteka uye zvinobudirira. Mamwe emabasa aya anosanganisira:

Kugadzirisa magetsi ekuchaja uye voltage:Inotonga magetsi nemagetsi zvinopihwa kubhatiri reEV zvichienderana nemamiriro ekuchaja kwaro, tembiricha, kugona kwebhatiri, nezvimwe zvinhu. Uye inoita kuti bhatiri richajirwe zvakanaka kuti rirambe richishanda zvakanaka uye kudzivirira kukuvara.

Kutaurirana neEV:Bhodhi rekudzora rinotaurirana nekombiyuta yeEV iri mubhatiri kuti vagovane ruzivo nezvemamiriro ebhatiri, mwero wekuchaja, nezvimwe zvinhu. Kutaurirana uku kunobvumira nzvimbo yekuchaja kugadzirisa maitiro ekuchaja emodhi chaiyo yeEV.

Kutarisa maitiro ekuchaja:Inogara ichitarisa mamiriro ekushanda kwekuchaja, kusanganisira voltage, current, uye tembiricha yebhatiri re lithium-ion pamwe nenzvimbo yekuchaja. Bhodhi rekudzora rinoonawo chero kusarongeka kwekugadzirisa nzvimbo yekuchaja yemotokari yemagetsi. Rinotora matanho akakodzera kudzivirira njodzi dzekuchengetedza, dzakadai sekumisa kuchaja kana kuderedza current.

Kukosha kwebhodhi rekudzora rakagadzirwa zvakanaka pakuchengetedza uye kuvimbika

Bhodhi rekudzora rakagadzirwa zvakanaka rakakosha pakudzivirira nekuvimbika kwenzvimbo yekuchaja mota yemagetsi. Rinoita kuti bhatiri reEV richajiwe zvakanaka uye rinodzivirira kushaja zvakanyanya kana kuti kusachaja zvakakwana, izvo zvinogona kukuvadza bhatiri. Kune rumwe rutivi, bhodhi rekudzora rakagadzirwa zvisina kunaka renzvimbo dzekuchaja rinogona kukonzera kusachaja zvakanaka, kukuvara kwebhatiri, kana kunyange njodzi dzekuchengetedza dzakadai semoto kana kuvhundutswa kwemagetsi. Saka, zvakakosha kusarudza nzvimbo yekuchaja ine bhodhi rekudzora rakagadzirwa zvakanaka uye kutevedzera mirairo yemugadziri kuti uchajiwe zvakachengeteka uye zvinobudirira.

Mushandisi Wekushandisa

Chishandiso chemushandisi chikamu chenzvimbo yekuchaja iyo mushandisi anoshandisa. Kazhinji chinosanganisira sikirini, mabhatani, kana zvimwe zvishandiso zvekupinda zvinobvumira mushandisi kuisa ruzivo uye kudzora maitiro ekuchaja. Nzvimbo yekuchaja inogona kubatanidza kana kubatanidza chishandiso chemushandisi kune chimwe chishandiso chakasiyana.

Mhando dzemishandisirwo evashandisi

Nzvimbo dzekuchaja dzemagetsi dzinoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekushandisa. Dzimwe dzakajairika dzinosanganisira:

Sikirini yekubata:Chishandiso che touchscreen chinobvumira mushandisi kudzora maitiro ekuchaja nekudzvanya pachikirini. Chinogona kuratidza ruzivo rwakasiyana-siyana nezve maitiro ekuchaja, senge mamiriro ekuchaja, nguva yasara, uye mutengo.

App yefoni:Chishandiso chemafoni chinobvumira vashandisi kudzora maitiro ekuchaja vachishandisa smartphone kana tablet. App iyi inogona kupa ruzivo rwechokwadi nezve maitiro ekuchaja, zvichiita kuti vashandisi vakwanise kutanga, kumisa, kana kuronga nguva yekuchaja vari kure.

Muverengi wekadhi reRFID:Chishandiso cheRFID card reader chinobvumira vashandisi kutanga nguva yekuchaja nekutsveta kadhi reRFID kana fob. Nzvimbo yekuchaja inoziva kadhi remushandisi uye inotanga maitiro ekuchaja.

Kukosha kwekushandisa interface iri nyore kushandisa

Chishandiso chiri nyore kushandisa chakakosha kuti zvive nyore kushandisa uye kuti munhu akwanise kuchaja. Chishandiso chakagadzirwa zvakanaka chinofanira kunge chiri nyore kushandisa, chiri nyore kushandisa, uye chinopa ruzivo rwakajeka uye rwakapfupika nezvechishandiso chekuchaja. Chinofanirawo kuwanikwa nevashandisi vese, kusanganisira avo vakaremara kana kuti vane mafambiro mashoma. Uye chishandiso chiri nyore kushandisa chinogonawo kubatsira kuderedza zvikanganiso zvevashandisi nekudzivirira njodzi dzekuchengetedza. Semuenzaniso, bhatani rekumisa nekukurumidza rinogona kubvumira mushandisi kumisa chishandiso chekuchaja munguva yenjodzi nekukurumidza.

Mhedziso

Mukupedzisa, macharger eEV chikamu chakakosha chemhando yese yeEV uye zvivakwa zvekuchaja pachazvo, uye kunzwisisa zvikamu zvavo zvikuru kwakakosha pakusarudza charger yakakodzera. Simba, tambo yekuchaja, chinongedzo, bhodhi rekudzora, uye interface yemushandisi ndizvo zvikamu zvikuru zvemacharger eEV, chimwe nechimwe chichiita basa rakakosha mukuchaja. Kusarudza macharger ane zvikamu zvakakodzera kuti ashande zvakanaka pakuchaja kwakakosha. Sezvo kudiwa kwemaEV nenzvimbo dzekuchaja kuchikura, kunzwisisa zvikamu izvi kuchawedzera kukosha kune varidzi veEV nemabhizinesi.