Ukuqhathaniswa Okuhlelekile kwe-OCPP 1.6J vs 2.0.1 Kwabasebenza Ngokushaja Kwezentengiselwano

Ukuqhathaniswa Okuqondile Kwamasu E-OCPP 1.6J Uma kuqhathaniswa no-2.0.1 Kwabasebenza Ngokushaja Kwezentengiselwano Bomhlaba Wonke: Ukuqonda Ukukhula Kwenethiwekhi, Ukuphepha Kwe-Cyber ​​Okuthuthukisiwe, Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-ISO 15118, kanye Nokuqinisekiswa Kwesikhathi Esizayo Kwengqalasizinda Yesikhathi Eside Kokukhula Kwe-EV Okusimeme

Isifinyezo esiphezulu

Indawo yokushaja izimoto zikagesi (EV) ishintsha kakhulu. Njengoba ukwamukelwa komhlaba wonke kushesha, izinqubo zokuxhumana eziyisisekelo ezilawula ukusebenzisana phakathi kwe-Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment (EVSE) kanye ne-Charging Station Management Systems (CSMS) sezibe yindawo ebalulekile yesu lobuchwepheshe labasebenzi bokushaja kwezentengiselwano (ama-CPO). I-Open Charge Point Protocol (OCPP), egcinwe yi-Open Charge Alliance (OCA), ishintshe kusukela ohlakeni lwemiyalezo olulula lwaba yindinganiso eyinkimbinkimbi, ephephile, nengalinganiswa kakhulu.

Lo mhlahlandlela unikeza ukuhlaziywa kobuchwepheshe okuphelele kokushintsha kusuka ku-OCPP 1.6J kuya ku-OCPP 2.0.1. Sihlola umehluko wezakhiwo, ukuthuthukiswa kokuphepha, izindlela zokuphatha amadivayisi, kanye nendima ebalulekile yokuhlanganiswa kwe-ISO 15118. Kubathengi nabaqhubi, lesi sihloko sisebenza njengereferensi eqondile yokwenza izinqumo zokuthenga nokufuduka ezinolwazi emakethe ekhula ngokushesha.

Isahluko 1: Ukuguquka Kwezindinganiso Zokushaja I-EV: Umongo Womlando

I-Open Charge Point Protocol (OCPP) yazalwa ngenxa yesidingo sokusebenzisana. Ezinsukwini zokuqala zokushaja kwe-EV, abakhiqizi behadiwe kanye nabahlinzeki besofthiwe basebenzisa izinqubo ezizimele, bakha “izingadi ezibiyelwe ngodonga” ezazivimbela ukuncintisana kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha. Ukwethulwa kwe-OCPP 1.2 kanye ne-1.5 kwabeka isisekelo, kodwa yi-OCPP 1.6 eyahlanganisa ngempela imboni.

1.1 Ukubusa kwe-OCPP 1.6J

Ikhishwe ngo-2015, i-OCPP 1.6 yethule ukusetshenziswa kwe-JSON phezu kwe-WebSockets (1.6J). Lokhu kusuka ekulayezeni okusekelwe ku-SOAP kunciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokusebenzisa futhi kwenza lula ukusetshenziswa kwabathuthukisi. Yethule izici ezifana nokushaja okuhlakaniphile kanye nezaziso zesimo ezengeziwe, okwenza kube yindinganiso embonini cishe iminyaka eyishumi.

1.2 Ukuqala kwe-OCPP 2.0.1

Naphezu kwempumelelo ye-1.6J, ukukhula kwemboni kwaveza ukulinganiselwa kwayo. Izinkinga ngokuphepha, ubunzima bokuphathwa kwamadivayisi, kanye nokuntuleka kokusekelwa kwemvelo kokuhlanganiswa kwegridi okuthuthukisiwe (i-V2G) kwaholela ekuthuthukisweni kwe-OCPP 2.0, futhi kamuva, i-OCPP 2.0.1 ehlaziyiwe (eyakhishwa ngo-2020). I-OCPP 2.0.1 akuyona nje isibuyekezo; iwukuklanywa kabusha okuphelele okuhlose ukusekela isizukulwane esilandelayo samanethiwekhi okushaja anamandla aphezulu, ahlakaniphile, naphephile.

Isahluko 2: Izindlela Zokuxhumana Eziyisisekelo: I-JSON, i-WebSockets, kanye neZakhiwo Zohlaka

Ukuze uqonde umehluko phakathi kwalezi zindlela zokuxhumana, umuntu kufanele abheke ukuxhumana okuphansi. Zombili lezi zindlela zokuxhumana zisebenzisa i-JSON ngaphezu kwe-WebSockets, kodwa isakhiwo kanye nokuphathwa kwale milayezo kuhluka kakhulu.

2.1 Isendlalelo se-WebSocket

Zombili izinguqulo zisebenzisa ukuxhumana okuqhubekayo kwe-WebSocket, okuvumela ukuxhumana okuphindwe kabili. Lokhu kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kwesikhathi sangempela, njengokumisa iseshini yokushaja kusuka kuhlelo lokusebenza lweselula noma ukuthola izexwayiso zamaphutha ngokushesha.

2.2 Ukuhlukaniswa Kohlaka Lomlayezo

Umlayezo ojwayelekile we-OCPP uqukethe i-ID yohlobo lomlayezo, i-ID yomlayezo ehlukile, igama lesenzo, kanye nomthwalo okhokhelwayo.

Isibonelo Sohlaka lwe-OCPP 1.6J (Isaziso Sokuqalisa)

"json [2, "123456", "Isaziso Sokuqalisa", { "chargePointVendor": "MidaPower", "chargePointModel": "Terra-X", "chargePointSerialNumber": "SN001", "firmwareVersion": "v1.2.3" }]"

Isibonelo Sohlaka lwe-OCPP 2.0.1 (Isaziso Sokuqalisa)

"json [2, "987654", "Isaziso Sokuqalisa", { "isizathu": "I-PowerUp", "i-chargingStation": { "Igama lomthengisi": "I-MidaPower", "imodeli": "I-Terra-Z", "Inombolo Yochungechunge": "I-SN-Z-99", "Inguqulo Ye-firmware": "v2.0.0" } }]`Qaphela ukwanda kwe-granularity ku-2.0.1.Insimu yesizathu ivumela i-CSMS ukuthi iqonde ukuthi ukuqalisa kwakungenxa yokuqalisa kabusha, ukuvuselela, noma i-watch-dog trigger, okuvumela i-logic yokuxilonga engcono.

Isahluko 3: Ushintsho Lwepharadigm Yezakhiwo: Imodeli Yedivayisi

Ushintsho olubaluleke kakhulu kwezobuchwepheshe ku-OCPP 2.0.1 ukwethulwa kwe-Imodeli Yedivayisi.

3.1 Imikhawulo Yama-1.6J Configuration Keys

Ku-OCPP 1.6J, ukucushwa kwehadiwe kwaphathwa ngohlu oluyisicaba “lwezihluthulelo zokucushwa” (isb.,Isikhathi Sokushaya Kwenhliziyo, Isikhathi Sokuxhumeka). Njengoba amashaja eba yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu (izixhumi eziningi, amamojula wamandla ahlanganisiwe, izinhlelo zokupholisa eziyinkimbinkimbi), lolu hlu oluyisicaba lwaba yinto engalawuleki. Kwakungekho ndlela ejwayelekile yokuchaza uhlu olungokoqobo lwesiteshi.

3.2 Indlela Yemodeli Yedivayisi engu-2.0.1

I-OCPP 2.0.1 yethula imodeli yokulandelana equketheIzingxenyefuthiIzinguquko. Ingxenye ingaba “uMlawuli,” “Isixhumi,” noma “i-PowerModule.” Ingxenye ngayinye ineziguquguquko ezimelela isimo sayo noma ukucushwa kwayo (isb.,Izinga lokushisa, I-voltage, I-MaxCurrent).

• Ingxenye: Ingxenye ebonakalayo noma enengqondo yesiteshi sokushaja.
• Okuguquguqukayo: Isici esithile saleyo ngxenye.
• Izici: I-Metadata echaza i-variable (iyunithi, ububanzi, uhlobo lokufinyelela).

Lokhu kuvumela ukuqapha okujwayelekile. Umsebenzisi manje angabuza izinga lokushisa lemojuli yamandla ethile esebenzisa indlela ejwayelekile, kunokuthembela kukhiye abakhethekile abaqondene nomthengisi.

Isahluko 4: Ukuphepha Kwe-inthanethi: Kusukela “Kumzamo Ongcono Kakhulu” Kuya ku-TLS Ephoqelekile

Ezinsukwini zokuqala zokushaja i-EV, ukuphepha kwakuvame ukuba yinto ecatshangelwe kamuva. I-OCPP 1.6J yayinikeza amaphrofayili okuphepha, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwayo kwakungaguquguquki kubathengisi.

4.1 Amaphrofayili Okuphepha ku-1.6J

I-OCPP 1.6J ichaze amaphrofayili amathathu okuphepha:

1. Akuvikelekile: I-HTTP/WebSockets engenalutho.
2. Ugunyazo Oluyisisekelo: I-TLS enegama lomsebenzisi/iphasiwedi.
3. Kusekelwe esitifiketini: I-TLS enezitifiketi ezihambisana neklayenti.

Inkinga kwakuwukuthi amashaja amaningi ahlala ku-Profile 1, okwawashiya esengozini yokuhlaselwa ngumuntu ophakathi nendawo (i-MITM) kanye nokulawulwa okungagunyaziwe.

4.2 Isimo Esiqinile Se-2.0.1

I-OCPP 2.0.1 iyalela ukuxhumana okuphephile. Ihlanganisa izici zokuphepha ezithuthukisiwe ngokwendabuko:

• Izibuyekezo ze-Firmware Evikelekile: Ukusayina okuphoqelekile nokuqinisekisa izithombe ze-firmware.
• Ukungena Kokuphepha: Amalogi anemininingwane yemicimbi ehlobene nokuphepha (isb., imizamo yokungena ehlulekile, ukuphelelwa yisikhathi kwesitifiketi).
• Ukuphathwa Kwesitifiketi: Imiyalezo ejwayelekile yezitifiketi ezijikelezisiwe nezibuyekeziwe (eziholwa yi-CSMS noma eziholwa yiSiteshi).
• I-TLS 1.2/1.3: Ukusekelwa kwezindinganiso zakamuva zokubethela.

Kwabasebenza kwezentengiselwano, lokhu kunciphisa ingozi yokuyekethisa okukhulu kwenethiwekhi futhi kuqinisekisa ukulandelwa kwemithethonqubo yokuphepha kwe-inthanethi evelayo yamadivayisi e-IoT.

Isahluko 5: Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-ISO 15118: I-Plug & Charge kanye ne-V2G

Ikusasa lokushaja kwe-EV aligcini nje ngokuhambisa ama-electron; limayelana nokushintshana kwedatha namandla ngobuhlakani. I-ISO 15118 iyindinganiso yamazwe ngamazwe yokuxhumana kwemoto kuya kugridi (V2G), futhi ukuhlanganiswa kwayo ne-OCPP kuyisici esichazayo se-2.0.1.

5.1 Ubunzima Bokuxhuma Nokushaja

I-Plug & Charge (PnC) ivumela umshayeli ukuthi axhume imoto kalula bese eqala ukushaja ngaphandle kokusebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza noma ikhadi le-RFID. Lokhu kudinga i-Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) eyinkimbinkimbi ehilela imoto, ishaja, umqhubi, kanye ne-clearinghouse.

Ku-OCPP 1.6J, ukwesekwa kwe-PnC kwakungekho kuphrothokholi eyisisekelo. Abathengisi kwadingeka basebenzise izandiso ezenziwe ngokwezifiso, okwaholela ekuqhekekeni. I-OCPP 2.0.1 inikeza "ukufakwa kwamapayipi" kwe-PnC ngokusekela:

• Ukufakwa Kwesitifiketi: Ukudlulisa Izitifiketi Zenkontileka kusuka ku-CSMS kuya ku-EV nge-EVSE.
• Ukugunyazwa: Ukusebenzisa i-e-Mobility ID (eMAID) etholakala esitifiketini semoto.
• Ukuxhumana Okubethelwe: Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi idatha yokukhokha ebucayi edluliswa phakathi kwemoto negridi ivikelwe.

5.2 Ukushaja Okuhlakaniphile Nokulinganisela Umthwalo

Ngenkathi i-1.6J isekela ukushaja okuhlakaniphile okuyisisekelo (ukuthumela i-aIphrofayili Yokushaja), 2.0.1 iphakamisa lokhu. Ivumela lokhu:

• Ukuhlanganiswa Kwesignali Yangaphandle: Impendulo yesikhathi sangempela ekuvameni kwegridi noma ezimpawini zentengo ethengiswa ngobuningi.
• Ukuphathwa Komthwalo Oguquguqukayo: Ukulawula okwengeziwe kwe-granular phezu kokusatshalaliswa kwamandla kuyo yonke indawo enamakhulu ezixhumi.
• Imoto-ukuya-kuGridi (V2G): 2.0.1 ihlanganisa izinkambu zedatha ezidingekayo ukusekela ukugeleza kwamandla okuqondiswa kwezinhlangothi zombili, okuvumela ama-EV ukuthi asebenze njengemithombo yamandla esatshalaliswayo (ama-DER) egridi.

5.3 Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-UI/UX yomsebenzisi

I-OCPP 2.0.1 isekela ukuboniswa kolwazi ngqo esikrinini seshaja noma kudeshibhodi yemoto, njenge:

• Amanani esikhathi sangempela ngemali yendawo.
• Isikhathi esilinganiselwe sokufinyelela ku-80% wesimo se-state-of-charge (SoC).
• Ulwazi oluningiliziwe lwerisidi uma seliqediwe.

Isahluko 6: Ukuphathwa Kwedivayisi Okuthuthukisiwe Nokuqapha

Ku-CPO, izindleko zeshaja akuyona nje intengo yokuthenga; yi-Total Cost of Ownership (TCO). Ukugcinwa kanye nesikhathi sokungasebenzi yizona zinto ezibulala inzuzo enkulu. I-OCPP 2.0.1 ibhekana nalokhu ngamakhono okuqapha aphezulu.

6.1 Ukubika Okuqhutshwa Yimicimbi

Ku-1.6J, i-CSMS kwakudingeka ukuthi ihlole isimo seshaja noma ilinde ishaja.Isaziso SesimoKu-2.0.1, i-Ukuqapha Imicimbiuhlelo luvumela i-CSMS ukuthi isethe imingcele. Isibonelo: “Ngitshele kuphela uma izinga lokushisa langaphakathi lidlula u-70°C” noma “Bika uma i-voltage yokufaka yehla ngaphansi kuka-200V.” Lokhu kunciphisa ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi futhi kuvumela ukulungiswa okusheshayo.

6.2 Ukuphathwa Kwemisebenzi: I-TransactionEvent

Esinye sezici ezigxekwe kakhulu ze-OCPP 1.6J kwakuwukuphathwa kwayo kokuthengiselana. Iseshini yayihilelekileQala ukuThengisafuthiUkumisa Ukuthengiselanaimiyalezo, kodwa uma kwenzeka ukuphazamiseka kwenethiwekhi, i-CSMS yayivame ukuba nobunzima bokuhlanganisa idatha yokukhokha.

I-OCPP 2.0.1 ithatha indawo yalezi nge-single, eqinileI-TransactionEventumlayezo. Lo mlayezo usetshenziselwa ukubika zonke izigaba zomjikelezo wokuphila kwento ethile (eqaliwe, ebuyekeziwe, ephelile). Uhlanganisa okuhlukilei-Id yentengiselwanolokho kuyaqhubeka ngisho noma ishaja iqala kabusha, okuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho datha yokushaja—futhi ngaleyo ndlela akukho mali engenayo—elahlekayo.

6.3 Ukuxilongwa Okuthuthukisiwe Nokuxazulula Izinkinga

II-GetLogfuthiIsaziso Sesimo SokuxilongwaImiyalezo eku-2.0.1 ihlelekile kakhudlwana. Ama-CPO angacela izinhlobo ezithile zelogi (Ezokuphepha, Ezokuxilonga, Ezomsebenzisi) futhi acacise isikhathi. Lokhu kuvumela amaqembu okusekela akude ukuxazulula izinkinga ngaphandle kokuthumela uchwepheshe kusayithi, okwehlisa kakhulu i-OpEx.

Isahluko 7: Izindlela Zokuvuselela I-Firmware: Ukuthembeka Nokubuyiselwa Kwemali

Izibuyekezo ze-firmware ziwumthombo wokuphila kwehadiwe eshintshayo, kodwa isibuyekezo esihlulekile singayiqeda ishaja.

7.1 Inqubo Yokubuyekeza i-1.6J

Ku-1.6J,I-UpdateFirmwareumyalo wawulula kakhulu. Ishaja yayizolanda isithombe bese izama ukusifaka. Kwakungekho ndlela ejwayelekile yokuvuselela izigaba eziningi noma ukubuyiselwa emuva okuqinisekisiwe.

7.2 Isibuyekezo Sezinyathelo Eziningi se-2.0.1

I-OCPP 2.0.1 yethula umjikelezo wokuphila oyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu wezibuyekezo ze-firmware:

1. Landa: Ishaja ilanda isithombe bese iqinisekisa i-checksum/signature yaso.
2. Ukufakwa: Isibuyekezo sisetshenziswa kuhlukaniso lwesibili.
3. Ukuqinisekiswa: Uhlelo luhlola ukuthi i-firmware entsha iqala kahle yini.
4. Ukwenziwa kusebenze: I-partition eyinhloko ishintshiwe.

Uma noma yisiphi isinyathelo sehluleka, inqubo ichaza ukuthi ishaja kufanele ibuyele kanjani enguqulweni yangaphambilini ezinzile futhi ibike ikhodi ethile yokwehluleka ku-CSMS. Leli zinga lokuthembeka alinakuxoxiswana ngalo ekusetshenzisweni okukhulu kwezentengiselwano.

7.3 Ukuqinisekiswa Kwesiginesha

Ukuze kuvinjelwe abenzi bobubi ekulayisheni i-firmware esengozini, i-2.0.1 iyalela ukusetshenziswa kweziginesha zedijithali. Ishaja izokwenqaba ukusebenzisa noma iyiphi ikhodi engasayinwanga ukhiye wangasese womenzi, inezela ungqimba olubalulekile lokuvikela kuma-hacks ezingeni lehadiwe.

Isahluko 8: Ubumfihlo Bedatha, Ukuthobela Umthetho, kanye ne-GDPR

Njengoba ukushaja kwe-EV kuba yinto ewusizo nsuku zonke, inani ledatha yomuntu siqu ekhiqizwayo liyamangaza. Isikhathi esisodwa sokushaja singaxhumanisa ubunikazi bomsebenzisi, indawo yemoto yakhe, amaphethini ohambo lwakhe, kanye nolwazi lwakhe lwezezimali.

8.1 Ulwazi Oluhlonza Umuntu (PII) ku-OCPP

Ngokomongo we-General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) eYurophu kanye nemithetho efanayo efana ne-CCPA eCalifornia, amaphuzu edatha afana ne-i-idTag(RFID) nomaI-EVCCID(Isikhombi Semoto) sibhekwa njenge-PII.

I-OCPP 2.0.1 inikeza izilawuli ezingcono zokungaziwa kwedatha. Isibonelo, iIdatha Eyenziwe NgokwezifisoAmasimu avumela opharetha ukuthi bagcine imethadatha ngaphandle kokudalula i-PII kumalogi ephrothokholi ayinhloko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaphrofayili okuphepha athuthukisiwe aqinisekisa ukuthi le datha ibethelwe kokubili ngesikhathi sokuthutha kanye nalapho iphumule.

8.2 Ilungelo Lokukhohlwa Nokuthwalwa Kwedatha

Uhlobo oluhlelekile lweModeli Yedivayisi engu-2.0.1 lwenza kube lula kubahlinzeki be-CSMS ukusebenzisa izicelo "zokususa idatha". Kuhlelo lwe-1.6J, ukuthola zonke izimo ze-ID yomsebenzisi kuzo zonke izinkinobho zokucushwa ezihlukene namalogi kwakuyinto embi kakhulu. Ku-2.0.1, ukuhlukaniswa okucacile phakathi kwesimo sedivayisi kanye nedatha yokuthengiselana kuvumela ukwakheka kwesizindalwazi esihlanzekile.

8.3 Ukuthobela Imithetho Yokuphepha ye-IoT

Izifunda eziningi manje sezishaya imithetho edinga amadivayisi e-IoT ukuthi abe namaphasiwedi ahlukile kanye nezindlela zokuvuselela eziphephile. I-TLS eyimpoqo ye-OCPP 2.0.1 kanye ne-firmware esayiniwe akuzona nje izici "ezinhle ukuba nazo"—kuyizidingo zomthetho zokuthengisa ihadiwe ezimakethe ezifana neCalifornia ne-UK.

Isahluko 9: Umbono Womthengi: I-TCO, i-ROI, kanye Nokufuduka Okuhlelekile

Kumqhubi wokushaja kwezentengiselwano, isinqumo sokunamathela ku-1.6J noma ukuthuthela ku-2.0.1 singesezimali.

9.1 Izindleko Zokusebenzisa

• I-OCPP 1.6J: Kushibhile ukuyisebenzisa, isekelwa kakhulu yihadiwe eshibhile, kodwa inezindleko ezifihliwe eziphezulu ezingozini zokugcinwa kanye nokuphepha.
• I-OCPP 2.0.1: Idinga amaprosesa anamandla kakhulu kanye nenkumbulo eyengeziwe ku-EVSE. Izindleko zokuthuthukisa i-CSMS ziphakeme ngenxa yobunzima bephrothokholi. Kodwa-ke, inikeza ukonga okukhulu kwe-OpEx ngokuphathwa okukude kanye nokuthembeka okungcono.

9.2 Inganekwane ethi “Ukuthuthukiswa Okubushelelezi”

Kuvame ukuthiwa amashaja e-1.6J angathuthukiswa abe yi-2.0.1 ngesofthiwe. Eqinisweni, lokhu akuvamile ukuba yiqiniso. Izidingo zememori kanye ne-CPU ze-2.0.1 (ikakhulukazi ukuphatha izitifiketi ze-TLS kanye nokuhlaziywa kwe-JSON okuyinkimbinkimbi kweModeli Yedivayisi) zivame ukwedlula amakhono abalawuli be-1.6J abadala.

9.3 Izindlela Zokufuduka Ezinesu

Ama-CPO kufanele acabangele indlela "ye-Hybrid Network":

1. Izindawo Zasendulo: Qhubeka nokusebenzisa i-1.6J ukuze uthole amashaja e-AC anamandla aphansi akhona.
2. Izindawo Ezintsha Zokushaja Okusheshayo ze-DC: Igunya 2.0.1 lazo zonke izinhlelo ezintsha ezinamandla amakhulu zokusekela i-PnC ne-V2G.
3. Izixazululo Zommeleli: Sebenzisa isango lephrothokholi elingahumusha imiyalezo engu-1.6J ibe yifomethi ehambisana ne-2.0.1 ye-CSMS, okuvumela ideshibhodi yokuphatha eyodwa ehlanganisiwe.

Isahluko 10: Ukuqinisekisa Ikusasa: I-OCPP 2.1 kanye Nomgwaqo Oya Ekushajeni Okuzimele

Ngisho noma i-2.0.1 ithola ukuthandwa, i-Open Charge Alliance isivele isebenza ku-OCPP 2.1. Le nguqulo yesikhathi esizayo izokwandisa ukufinyelela kwephrothokholi.

10.1 Ukushaja Okuqondiswayo (V2X)

Nakuba i-2.0.1 isekela i-V2G eyisisekelo, i-2.1 izothuthukisa ukuxhumana kwe-Vehicle-to-Home (V2H) kanye ne-Vehicle-to-Building (V2B), okuvumela ama-EV ukuthi anikeze amandla emakhaya ngesikhathi sokucima kogesi noma ukunciphisa isidingo esiphezulu sezakhiwo zezentengiselwano.

10.2 Usekelo Lokushaja Okungenantambo

Njengoba kuvela izimoto ezizisebenzela zona (ama-AV), ukuxhuma ngesandla kuzophelelwa yisikhathi. I-OCPP 2.1 izofaka imiyalezo ejwayelekile yokushaja okungenantambo, ukuphatha ukuvumelanisa kanye nokudluliselwa kwamandla ngaphandle kokungenelela komuntu.

10.3 Ukuhlanganiswa namaDolobha Ahlakaniphile

Ukuphindaphinda kwesikhathi esizayo cishe kuzobona ukuhlanganiswa okujulile nezinhlelo zokuphathwa kwethrafikhi kanye nezibikezelo zamandla avuselelekayo. Amashaja azokwazi "ukubhida" ugesi ezimakethe zamandla zesikhathi sangempela, aguqule amanethiwekhi okushaja abe izitshalo zamandla ezinkulu ezibonakalayo (ama-VPP).

Isithasiselo Sobuchwepheshe: Ukujula Ekuqhathanisweni Kwemilayezo

Ukuze sinikeze ukujula kobuchwepheshe okuphelele, manje sizohlaziya ukulandelana kwemiyalezo ethile kanye nomehluko wohlaka phakathi kwezinguqulo ezimbili.

A.1 Ukugeleza Kwemvume

Ku-1.6J, ukugunyazwa kwakuyimpendulo ethi “Yamukelwe” noma “Ivinjiwe” enama-binary.

1.6J Gunyaza Impendulo:"json [3, "123456", { "idTagInfo": { "status": "Yamukelwe", "expiryDate": "2026-12-31T23:59:59Z" } }]"

Ku-2.0.1, impendulo ifaka phakathi umongo owengeziwe, njengokuthii-idTokenuhlobo kanye nolwazi olwengeziwe lwesixhumi esibonakalayo somsebenzisi.

2.0.1 Gunyaza Impendulo:"json [3, "987654", { "idTokenInfo": { "status": "Yamukelwe", "cacheExpiryDateTime": "2026-12-31T23:59:59Z", "personalMessage": { "format": "UTF8", "content": "Siyakwamukela futhi, John! Ibhalansi yakho ingu-$45.00" } } }]"

A.2 Ukuphathwa Kokushaya Kwenhliziyo Nokuxhumana

I-OCPP 2.0.1 yenza ngcono indlela isiteshi esifakazela ngayo ukuthi “siyaphila.” Ku-1.6J, umaUkushaya kwenhliziyouma ihlulekile, isiteshi sasivame ukuqhubeka sizama futhi. Ku-2.0.1, isiteshi singasebenzisaI-NotifyEventindlela yokubika ukuthi ukuxhumana kwayo ne-backend yesibili kulahlekile, kuyilapho kusaqhubeka nokushaya kwenhliziyo nge-primary.

A.3 Ithebula Lemethadatha Elinemininingwane

Isiphetho

Ukushintsha kusuka ku-OCPP 1.6J kuya ku-2.0.1 akuyona nje isibuyekezo sesofthiwe; kuyinguquko eyisisekelo yesistimu yokuhamba kagesi. Kwabasebenzi bezentengiselwano, i-1.6J imelela isikhathi esidlule esithembekile, kanti i-2.0.1 imelela ikusasa elingalinganiswa, eliphephile, nelihlakaniphile.

Ukukhetha i-2.0.1 namuhla kuyindlela yokutshala imali ekude isikhathi eside. Kuqinisekisa ukuthi ihadiwe yakho izohambisana nesizukulwane esilandelayo sama-EV, ihambisane nemithethonqubo yokuqinisa ukuphepha kwe-cyber, futhi ilungele amathuba anenzuzo e-V2G kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwegridi ehlakaniphile. Njengoba imakethe ihlangana, abaqhubi abanezinqwaba zephrothokholi eziqinile neziguquguqukayo yibo abazohola.

Isahluko 11: Ukucwila Ngokujulile: Ukuhlaziywa Kokugeleza Kwemiyalezo kanye Nemidwebo Yokulandelana

Kulesi sahluko, sihlaziya ukulandelana kokusebenzisana phakathi kwe-EVSE ne-CSMS ukuze sibonise umehluko wokusebenza phakathi kwe-1.6J ne-2.0.1.

11.1 Uchungechunge Lokuqalisa Nokucushwa

Uma ishaja iqala ukuxhuma kunethiwekhi, kumele izichaze futhi ivumelanise ukucushwa kwayo.

Ukugeleza kwe-OCPP 1.6J:

1. Ukuxhumeka kwe-WebSocket: Yasungulwa ngaphezu kwePort 80 noma 443.
2. Isaziso SokuqalisaIsiteshi sithumela umthengisi, imodeli, kanye nochungechunge.
3. I-GetConfiguration: I-CSMS icela zonke izinkinobho ukuhlola isimo samanje.
4. Shintsha Ukucushwa: I-CSMS ibuyekeza okhiye abathile (isb.,Isikhathi Sokushaya Kwenhliziyo).
5. Isaziso Sesimo: Imibiko yesiteshi ethi “Kuyatholakala.”

Ukugeleza kwe-OCPP 2.0.1:

1. Ukuxhawulana kwe-TLS okuvikelekile: Ukushintshana kwesitifiketi okuphoqelekile.
2. Isaziso Sokuqalisa: Kufaka phakathiisizathu(isib.,Iba namandla).
3. I-GetBaseReport: Esikhundleni sokucela zonke izinkinobho, i-CSMS icela "Umbiko Oyisisekelo" ohlinzeka ngohlu oluphelele lwemodeli Yedivayisi.
4. Izinguquko Ezihleliwe: Iziguquguquko ze-CSMS zibuyekeza. Qaphela ukuthi i-2.0.1 ivumela izibuyekezo ze-athomu—ukusetha iziguquguquko eziningi kumyalezo owodwa nokuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke ziyaphumelela noma aziphumeleli.
5. I-NotifyEvent: Isiteshi sibika izimo zokuqala zezingxenye.

11.2 Ingxoxo Yokushaja Okuhlakaniphile

Ukushaja okuhlakaniphile yilapho i-2.0.1 ikhanya khona ngempela, ikakhulukazi lapho kuphathwa amaphrofayili amaningi okushaja.

Ku-1.6J, i-CSMS ithumela i-Iphrofayili Yokushajaokuchaza izinga le-stack kanye neshejuli. Uma isiteshi sinezixhumi eziningi, ukuphathwa kwephrofayela kuvame ukungacaci.

Ku-2.0.1, i-Iphrofayili Yokushajakuhlobene ngokusobala ne-ukushajaInhloso yephrofayela.

• Iphrofayili Yokushaja Yesiteshi Esiphezulu: Kukhawulela inani lokungena esiteshini sonke.
• Iphrofayili ye-TXDefault: Okuzenzakalelayo kwanoma yikuphi ukuthengiselana okusha.
• Iphrofayili ye-TX: Okuqondene nokuthengiselana okuqhubekayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-2.0.1 isekelaI-GetChargingStackLevelumlayezo, ovumela i-CSMS ukuthi ibone ukuthi yimaphi amaphrofayili asebenzayo njengamanje nokuthi abekwa kanjani phambili yishejuli yangaphakathi ye-EVSE.

11.3 Ukuqalisa Nokulawula Okukude

Imiyalo ekude efanaUkuthengiselana Okukude(1.6J) ithathelwe indawo yiCelaUkuqalaUkuthengiselana(2.0.1). Umehluko oyinhloko usekuthwalweni. Ku-2.0.1, i-CSMS ingafaka phakathiiphrofayili yokushajangqo esicelweni sokuqala. Lokhu kusho ukuthi imoto ingaqala ukushaja ezingeni lamandla elifanele ngokushesha, ngaphandle kokulinda umlayezo wesibili, kunciphisa ukubambezeleka nokuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwegridi.

Isahluko 12: I-JSON Schema kanye Nokuqhathaniswa Kwensimu Okuphansi

Kwabathuthukisi kanye nabahlanganisi bezinhlelo, izinguquko zeskimu ziyingxenye edinga kakhulu umsebenzi wokufuduka.

12.1 Izinhlobo Ezibaliwe (Ama-Enum)

I-OCPP 2.0.1 yandisa kakhulu inani lama-Enum ajwayelekile, inciphisa isidingo samakhodi wesimo "Angokwezifiso" ahlupha ukusetshenziswa kwe-1.6J.

• Izizathu Zokubala: Inja eqaphayo, Ukusethwa kabusha Okuhleliwe, Ukusetha kabusha okukude, I-PowerLoss.
• Ama-Status Enum: Kuhlalwe, Kugciniwe, Akutholakali, Iphutha. 2.0.1 iyanezelaKuyatholakala, Kuhlalwe, Kugciniwe, Akutholakali, Iphuthakodwa ngezimo ezingaphansi ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe.

12.2 Izinhlobo Zedatha Namayunithi

I-OCPP 2.0.1 yenza kube semthethweni ukusetshenziswa kwamayunithi ajwayelekile (SI). Lapho i-1.6J ngezinye izikhathi ishiya ukunemba kwedesimali kungachazwanga, i-2.0.1 isebenzisaidesimaliizinhlobo zamanani wamandla namandla, okuqinisekisa ukukhokhiswa okuqhubekayo kuzo zonke ihadiwe yomthengisi ehlukene.

Isahluko 13: Ucwaningo Lwecala: Ukufuduka Kwe-CPO Yomhlaba Wonke kusuka ku-1.6J kuya ku-2.0.1

Ake sibheke isimo esicatshangelwayo se-“MegaCharge,” i-CPO enamaphuzu okushaja angu-10,000.

13.1 Isigaba 1: Ukuhlolwa Kwamabhuku

I-MegaCharge ithole ukuthi ama-40% emikhumbi yabo ye-1.6J ayengayisekeli i-TLS 1.2. Lokhu kusho ukuthi lawo mashaja ayengafaneleki ezinkontilekeni zikahulumeni ezizayo.

13.2 Isigaba 2: Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-CSMS

Esikhundleni sokwakha i-CSMS entsha, i-MegaCharge isebenzise “i-OCPP Translation Layer.” Lesi sendlalelo siphatha ukuxhumana okungu-1.6J kwehadiwe endala kanye no-2.0.1 kwehadiwe entsha, kodwa saveza i-API ehlanganisiwe kuhlelo lwabo lokusebenza lweselula kanye nenjini yokukhokha.

13.3 Isigaba 3: Ukushintsha Ihadiwe

Kumasayithi anabantu abaningi abasebenzisa i-traffic, i-MegaCharge ishintshe amashaja angu-1.6J ngamashaja asheshayo e-DC ahambisana ne-2.0.1. Umphumela waba ukwehla okungu-15% kumaseshini athi “Akuzange Kuqale”, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuqina kakhulu.I-TransactionEventukuphatha ku-2.0.1.

13.4 Ukuhlaziywa kwe-ROI

Ukutshalwa kwezimali kokuqala kwaba yi-$2M. Kodwa-ke, izingcingo zokulungisa ezincishisiwe (ngenxa yokuxilonga kwe-Device Model) zonge u-$400k ngonyaka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhono lokubamba iqhaza ezimakethe zempendulo yemvamisa ye-V2G likhiqize imali engenayo yonyaka engu-$200k eyengeziwe. Isikhathi sokubuyisela sasicishe sibe yiminyaka engu-3.3.

Isahluko 14: Uhlu Lokuhlola Oluphelele Lomthengi Lokuthengwa Kwe-OCPP 2.0.1

Uma uhlola ihadiwe noma isofthiwe entsha, sebenzisa lolu hlu lokuhlola ukuqinisekisa ukuthobela imithetho kwangempela:

14.1 Izidingo zehadiwe (EVSE)

• [ ]Usekelo lwephrofayela yokuphepha 3: Ingabe iyasekela ukuphathwa kwezitifiketi ohlangothini lweklayenti?
• [ ]Iprosesa Enemiphetho EmibiliIngabe kukhona indawo eyanele yokubethela i-TLS kanye nokuhlaziya i-JSON?
• [ ]Isici Esivikelekile (SE): Ingabe ibhodi linempande yokwethenjwa kwehadiwe yokugcina okhiye?
• [ ]I-ISO 15118-2/20 Ilungile: Ingabe isilawuli singaphatha ukuxhumana okuphezulu okudingekayo ku-PnC?
• [ ]Amandla Okubonisa: Ingabe ihadiwe iyasekela ukubonisa ulwazi lwentengo/isimo nge-OCPPUkudluliselwa Kwedathanoma imiyalezo yomdabu?

14.2 Izidingo zeSoftware (CSMS)

• [ ]Ukuboniswa Kwemodeli Yedivayisi: Ingabe ideshibhodi ingabonisa umbono ohlelekile weshaja?
• [ ]Ukuhlanganiswa Kwegunya Lesitifiketi (i-CA): Ingabe i-CSMS ingakwazi ukukhipha nokushintshanisa izitifiketi ngokuzenzakalelayo?
• [ ]Ukubuyisana Kwezentengiselwano: Uhlelo lusingatha kanjani ukuthengiselana “kokulenga” okuvela kumashaja akudala angu-1.6J?
• [ ]Injini Yokushaja Ehlakaniphile: Ingabe iyayisekela indlela ethuthukisiwe yokuqonda izinga le-stack lika-2.0.1?
• [ ]UkusabalalaIngabe umphathi we-WebSocket angakwazi ukuphatha ukuxhumana kwe-TLS okungapheli okungu-50,000+ ngasikhathi sinye?

Isahluko 15: Ukuxazulula Izinkinga Ezivamile Zokusebenzisa i-OCPP

Ngisho noma kunezinga elijwayelekile, ukusetshenziswa kuyahlukahluka. Nazi "ama-gotcha" avame kakhulu.

15.1 Izikhathi Zokuphelelwa Yisikhathi Se-WebSocket

Ama-firewall amaningi enethiwekhi avala ukuxhumana kwe-TCP okungenzi lutho. UmaIsikhathi Sokushaya Kwenhliziyouma ibekwe phezulu kakhulu, ishaja ingase inqanyulwe.

• Isixazululo: QinisekisaIsikhathi Sokushaya Kwenhliziyoiphansi kunesikhathi sokuvala se-firewall (ngokuvamile imizuzwana engama-60-120).

15.2 Izinkinga Zochungechunge Lwezitifiketi

Ukwehluleka okuvamile ku-2.0.1 yiphutha elithi “Isitifiketi Esingathenjiwe”. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka uma ishaja ingenayo i-Root CA ye-CSMS efakiwe.

• Isixazululo: SebenzisaIsitifiketi Sokufakaumlayezo ngesikhathi sokugunyazwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uchungechunge lwe-trust luqediwe.

15.3 Usayizi Womthwalo Okhokhelwayo we-JSON

Imiyalezo ethile engu-2.0.1 (njengeI-GetBaseReport) ingaba nkulu kakhulu. Uma i-buffer yeshaja incane kakhulu, izokhipha umlayezo.

• Isixazululo: HlolaUsayizi we-MaxMessageokuguquguqukayo kumodeli yedivayisi futhi uqinisekise ukuthi i-CSMS iyawuhlonipha lo mkhawulo.

Isahluko 16: Izindawo Zokulawula Zesifunda kanye Nezigunyazo Zephrothokholi

Ukuthuthela ku-OCPP 2.0.1 akuqhutshwa nje ubuchwepheshe; kuya ngokuya kuba yindaba yomthetho.

16.1 I-European Union (i-AFIR)

Umthethonqubo Wengqalasizinda Ye-Alternative Fuels (AFIR) e-EU uyalela ukucaca kwentengo kanye nokusebenzisana. Nakuba ungasho ngokusobala ukuthi i-OCPP 2.0.1 isho ukuthini, isidingo "sokwabelana ngedatha ngesikhathi sangempela" kanye "nokushaja okuhlakaniphile" senza i-2.0.1 ibe yindinganiso kuphela esebenzayo yengqalasizinda yomphakathi entsha.

16.2 INyakatho Melika (i-NEVI)

E-United States, uhlelo lwefomula lweNational Electric Vehicle Infrastructure (NEVI) ludinga ukuthi amashaja “asebenzisane.” Izifundazwe ezifana neCalifornia ziya phambili, njengoba iCalifornia Energy Commission (CEC) icindezela ukwesekwa kwe-ISO 15118, njengoba sesixoxile, kungcono kakhulu ukuthi kusetshenziswe nge-OCPP 2.0.1.

16.3 IShayina kanye ne-Asia-Pacific

Nakuba iShayina inezindinganiso zayo (i-GB/T), abakhiqizi abagxile ekuthumeleni kwamanye amazwe batshale imali eningi ku-OCPP 2.0.1. Ezimakethe ezifana ne-Australia neSingapore, amathenda kahulumeni amanethiwekhi okushaja umphakathi manje acacisa cishe i-OCPP 2.0.1 kuphela nge-Security Profile 3.

Isahluko 17: Iziqephu Zekhodi Yokusetshenziswa: “I-Nitty-Gritty”

Ukuze sisize onjiniyela, sinikeza izethulo ze-JSON ezinengqondo zemisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi ye-2.0.1.

17.1 Ukugeleza Kokujikeleza Kwesitifiketi

Uma isitifiketi sesiseduze nokuphelelwa yisikhathi, i-CSMS kumele iqalise ukujikeleziswa.

1. I-CSMS ithumelaIsitifiketi Sisayiniwe:"json [2, "CERT-01", "CertificateSigned", { "certificateChain": "-------QALA ISITIFIKETI------\n...\n------QEDA ISITIFIKETI------", "certificateType": "V2G" }]"

2. Isiteshi siyaphendulaKwamukelwe:"json [3, "CERT-01", { "status": "Yamukelwe" }]"

3. Isiteshi sithumelaIsaziso se-SecurityEvent:"json [2, "EVT-99", "SecurityEventNotification", { "type": "CertificateRotated", "timestamp": "2026-08-09T10:00:00Z" }]"

17.2 Ukusetha Iphrofayili Yokushaja Ephendula Igridi

Cabanga ukuthi umqhubi wegridi udinga ukunciphisa amandla kunethiwekhi yonke.

I-CSMS ithumelaIphrofayili Yokushaja:"json [2, "GRID-REQ", "SetChargingProfile", { "evseId": 0, "chargingProfile": { "id": 501, "stackLevel": 1, "chargingProfilePurpose": "ChargingStationMaxProfile", "chargingProfileKind": "Absolute", "chargingSchedule": { "id": 1, "chargingRateUnit": "W", "chargingSchedulePeriod": [ { "startPeriod": 0, "limit": 11000}, { "startPeriod": 3600, "limit": 22000} ] } } }]"

Isahluko 18: Isichazamazwi Esiphelele Semigomo Ye-OCPP 2.0.1

Ukuze siqinisekise ukucaca kwabo bonke abathintekayo, sinikeza uhlu lwamagama olwandisiwe.

• I-CSMS (Uhlelo Lokuphatha Isiteshi Sokushaja): Ipulatifomu yamafu angemuva elawula amashaja.
• I-EVSE (Imishini Yokuphakelwa Kwezimoto Zikagesi): Isiteshi sokushaja esingokoqobo.
• I-OCPP (Iphrothokholi Yezindawo Zokushaja Ezivulekile): Ulimi abalukhulumayo.
• I-OCA (i-Open Charge Alliance): Inhlangano ebhala ulimi.
• I-ISO 15118: Iphrothokholi phakathi kwemoto neshaja.
• I-PnC (Ipulagi Nokushaja): Ulwazi lomsebenzisi olunikwe amandla yi-ISO 15118 kanye ne-OCPP 2.0.1.
• I-V2G (Imoto Eya Kugridi): Ukuthumela ugesi emotweni emuva kugridi.
• I-V2X (Imoto Eya Kuyo Yonke Into): Igama elihlanganisa i-V2G, i-V2H, kanye ne-V2B.
• I-TLS (Ukuphepha Kwezingqimba Zokuthutha): Ukubethela okugcina idatha iphephile.
• I-PKI (Ingqalasizinda Yokhiye Womphakathi): Uhlelo lwezitifiketi zedijithali ezisetshenziselwa ukuphepha.
• I-JSON (Isaziso Sezinto ze-JavaScript): Ifomethi yemiyalezo.
• I-WebSocket: Ukuxhumana okuqhubekayo “okuyipayipi” imiyalezo egeleza ngayo.
• Imodeli Yedivayisi: Indlela yokulandelana kwezikhundla 2.0.1 ichaza ihadiwe.
• Ingxenye: Ingxenye yehadiwe (isb., Isixhumi).
• Okuguquguqukayo: Impahla yengxenye (isb., Isimo).
• Isici: I-Metadata mayelana nokuguquguquka (isb., Inani, Ukuguquguquka).
• I-TransactionEvent: Umlayezo ohlanganisiwe wayo yonke idatha yeseshini ku-2.0.1.
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo: Isignali ethi “Ngiyaphila” ephindaphindwayo.
• Isaziso Sokuqalisa: Isignali ethi “Sawubona, ngilapha” lapho ishaja iqala.
• Ukudluliselwa Kwedatha: Umlayezo othi “bamba konke” wezandiso eziqondene nomthengisi (sebenzisa ngokucophelela!).

Imicabango Yokugcina: Ukuzulazula Esikhathini Sezinqubo Eziningi

Njengomthengi noma umqhubi, into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele siyikhumbule ukuthi singena ku-isikhathi se-multi-protocolEminyakeni emi-3-5 ezayo, i-1.6J kanye ne-2.0.1 zizohlala ndawonye. Kodwa-ke, ibhalansi ishintsha ngokushesha.

Ngokukhetha i-OCPP 2.0.1 namuhla, awugcini nje ngokuthenga inqubo; uthenga umshwalense. Uqinisekisa ukuthi inethiwekhi yakho ingazivumelanisa nezimoto ezintsha, imithetho emisha, kanye nemithombo emisha yemali engenayo. Ubunzima be-2.0.1 yintengo yentuthuko—intengo ezikhokhela yona ngokusebenzisa isikhathi esithuthukisiwe, ubungozi obuncishisiwe, kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho kwamakhasimende okuhle kakhulu.

Ukushaja kwezentengiselwano akuseyona imboni ekhethekile; kuwumgogodla wesistimu yezokuthutha yesikhathi esizayo. Yakha lowo mgogodla esisekelweni esiqine kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka: OCPP 2.0.1.

Isahluko 19: Ukuthuthukisa i-OCPP 2.0.1: Imikhuba Emihle Kakhulu Yonjiniyela Besofthiwe

Ukushintsha kusuka ku-codebase ye-1.6J kuya ku-2.0.1 akuyona into yokushintsha; kuwukubhala kabusha. Abathuthukisi kumele basebenzise imodeli yengqondo ehlukile.

19.1 Ukwamukela Ukungalingani

Ngenkathi ama-WebSockets e-asynchronous ngokwemvelo, ubunzima be-2.0.1 busho ukuthi isicelo esisodwa (njengeI-GetBaseReport) kungathatha imizuzwana embalwa ukucubungula ku-EVSE enezingqinamba zezinsiza. Abathuthukisi be-CSMS kumele basebenzise isikhathi esiqinile sokuvala futhi bazame kabusha i-logic ebangela isivinini sokucubungula esihlukahlukene sabathengisi behadiwe abahlukene.

19.2 Ukuhlaziya i-JSON Okusebenzayo

Ukuhlaziya i-JSON kungaba nzima kakhulu nge-CPU. Ku-firmware ye-EVSE, abathuthukisi kufanele basebenzise ama-parser asekelwe ekusakazeni kunokulayisha wonke umthwalo okhokhelwayo ku-RAM. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ku-I-NotifyEventimiyalezo, engaqukatha amakhulu ezibuyekezo eziguquguqukayo kufreyimu eyodwa.

19.3 Ukuphatha Umshini Kahulumeni

Umshini wesifundazwe wokuthengiselana ku-2.0.1 uqinile kakhulu kunaku-1.6J. Abathuthukisi kumele balandele ngokuqinile imithetho yokushintshanaI-TransactionEventIsibonelo, awukwazi ukuthumelaKuphelileumcimbi ngaphandle kokuthumela kuqalaKuqalileumcimbi walowo othizei-Id yentengiselwano.

Isahluko 20: Ukuhlola, Ukuqinisekisa, kanye neThuluzi Lokuhlola Ukuthobela Imithetho ye-OCPP (OCTT)

Ukusebenzisana kuyisithembiso se-OCPP, kodwa kutholakala kuphela ngokuhlolwa okuqinile.

20.1 Indima Yesitifiketi Se-OCA

I-Open Charge Alliance inikeza uhlelo lokuqinisekisa. Abathengi kufanele bafune ilebula ethi “OCPP 2.0.1 Certified”. Lesi sitifiketi siqinisekisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kudlule uchungechunge lwezivivinyo ezizenzakalelayo ezihlanganisa wonke amaphrofayili adingekayo.

20.2 Ukusebenzisa i-OCTT

Ithuluzi Lokuhlola Ukuthobela Imithetho le-OCPP (OCTT) liyindinganiso yegolide yokuhlola. Lilingisa kokubili i-CSMS kanye ne-EVSE.

• Kwabakhiqizi be-EVSE: Sebenzisa i-OCTT ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isiteshi sakho siphatha izimo "zendlela ejabulisayo" kanye namacala onqenqema (njengokuwa kwenethiwekhi ngesikhathi sokuvuselelwa kwe-firmware).
• Kwabahlinzeki be-CSMS: Sebenzisa i-OCTT ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-backend yakho ingakwazi ukusingatha izinhlobonhlobo zemiyalezo kanye nezidingo zokuphepha eziqinile ze-2.0.1.

20.3 Ukuhlolwa Kwensimu kanye Nemikhosi Yokuhlangana Kwabantu

Ngaphandle kokuhlola okuzenzakalelayo, i-OCA ihlela "ama-Plugfest" lapho abathengisi beletha khona ihadiwe nesofthiwe yabo ukuze bavivinye komunye nomunye ezimweni zangempela. Yilapho iziphazamiso ezicashile kakhulu—njengokungahambelani kwesitifiketi noma umehluko omncane wokufometha we-JSON—zibanjwa futhi zixazululwe.

Isahluko 21: Ithebula Lokuqhathanisa Okujulile: Izenzo Ezingaphezu Kuka-60 ze-OCPP 2.0.1

Ukuze sinikeze ireferensi ephelele, sihlukanisa imilayezo eyinhloko ye-2.0.1 bese siyiqhathanisa nemiyalezo ehambisana nayo ye-1.6J.

21.1 Ukunikezwa Nokucushwa

21.2 Ukuphathwa Kwemisebenzi

21.3 Ukuphathwa Kokuphepha Nokuqiniswa Kwe-Firmware

21.4 Okushiwo Ithebula Kunethiwekhi Yakho

Ithebula liveza iphuzu elilodwa elicacile: I-OCPP 2.0.1 akuyona igama elisha lobuhle le-1.6J. Imindeni emisha yemiyalezo — iziguquguquko ezithayishiwe, ukuthengiselana okuqhutshwa yimicimbi, kanye nokuphathwa kwesitifiketi — yizinto ezidingekayo zokufaka i-Plug & Charge, ukushaja okuhlakaniphile, kanye nokubika okulawulayo. Ishaja ekhuluma i-1.6J kuphela ingafakwa kabusha ngesango, kodwa i-CSMS ekhuluma i-1.6J kuphela ayikwazi ukuletha lokho abalawuli bemodeli yokuphepha kanye nabenzi bezimoto abakudingayo kakhulu. Lapho kuhlolwa ihadiwe, "ukulungele i-2.0.1" kufanele kusho ukuthi i-firmware iyathunyelwa namuhla, ayihlelelwe unyaka ozayo. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi i-OCPP 2.0.1 isebenza ku-JSON-over-WebSocket kunokuthutha kwe-SOAP kwe-1.6J, ukugeleza kwemiyalezo kulula kakhulu futhi kulula kakhulu ukukulungisa — inzuzo ewusizo ithimba lakho le-IT elizoyizwa kusukela ngosuku lokuqala.

Isahluko 22: Isiphetho: Ukwenza Isinqumo Sokuthuthukisa

Kumuntu osebenza kwezentengiselwano, isiqondiso esiwusizo sicacile:

• Ukufakwa okusha kufanele kube yi-OCPP 2.0.1 ngokuzenzakalelayo.Imodeli yokuphepha, ukuphathwa kwesitifiketi, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwe-ISO 15118 kuyizinto ezidingekayo endaweni yokulawula ka-2026.
• Imikhumbi ye-1.6J ekhona ayimi ndawonye.Amasango aphethwe kanye namapulatifomu e-CSMS anephrothokholi ekabili avala igebe ngenkathi ufaka ihadiwe yasendaweni engu-2.0.1.
• Hlola ngaphambi kokuba uthembele.Sebenzisa i-OCTT, ama-plugfest, kanye nokukhishwa kwesigaba — ukusebenzisana kuyabonakala ensimini, akucatshangelwa kushidi ledatha.
• Funa indlela yokufuduka ngokubhala.Umthengisi wakho weshaja kufanele ashicilele imephu yendlela ye-firmware kusukela ku-1.6J kuya ku-2.0.1 enezinsuku, hhayi izithembiso ezingacacile.

Isicelo Sokuthatha Isinyathelo: Khuluma ne-MIDA Power Mayelana Nesu Lakho Lephrothokholi

MIDA Power ships OCPP 1.6J and 2.0.1 on every charger, with field-upgradeable firmware and a cloud platform that manages mixed-protocol fleets in a single dashboard. Contact sales@midapower.com for our protocol migration guide, OCTT test reports, and a free compatibility review of your existing network.