Ukwenziwa koBukrelekrele baseTshayina: Ukuyila ngokutsha iShishini leeMoto zeHlabathi ngeRobhothi kunye ne-AI

Ukuphonononga indlela isantya esingathintelekiyo sokwenziwa kwezinto ngobukrelekrele zaseTshayina esiguqula ngayo ngokusisiseko iShishini leeMoto leHlabathi ngokusebenzisa iiRobhothi eziPhambili, iiDijithali ezimbini, kunye nokugxila okungapheliyo kwiNguqulelo yeCandelo loNikezelo ngo-2026

1. Intshayelelo: Utshintsho lweTektoniki yoShishino luka-2026

Ishishini leemoto kwihlabathi liphela lifikelele kwinqanaba eliphezulu. Ukususela ngo-2026, iindlela zemveli zokuvelisa izithuthi—iindlela ezazichaza inkulungwane yama-20 ukusuka eDetroit ukuya eWolfsburg—zithathelwa indawo ngokukhawuleza yingcamango entsha yemizi-mveliso. Le ngcamango ayingombandela wokufakelwa kombane kuphela; imalunga “neNgxaki Engathintelekiyo yokwenziwa koBukrelekrele baseTshayina.”

Kangangeminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu, ubuchule bokuvelisa izinto bulinganiswa ngokuchaneka koomatshini bomgca wokudibanisa. Namhlanje, bulinganiswa ngokudityaniswa kobukrelekrele bokwenziwa, ukuxhaphaka kweerobhothi eziphambili, kunye nokuhambelana okungenamthungo kwekhonkco lokubonelela ngezinto ezidijithali. I-China, eyayisakuba "ngumzi-mveliso ongabizi kakhulu" kwihlabathi, iguqukele ekubeni "yindlu enamandla yokuvelisa izinto ezintsha" kwihlabathi, ibeka umlinganiselo omtsha wehlabathi malunga nokuba kuthetha ukuthini ukwakha imoto kwinkulungwane yama-21.

Olu hlalutyo lunzulu luhlola iileya zale nguqu yokuvelisa. Siza kuhlalutya iziseko zobugcisa—ukusuka kwinguquko ye-“Gigacasting” ukuya kwindibaniselwano ye-“Cell-to-Chassis” (CTC)—ezivumele ii-OEM zaseTshayina ukuba zakhe iimoto ezingcono, ngokukhawuleza nangexabiso eliphantsi kuneentshaba zazo zehlabathi. Siza kuhlola indima ye-“Digital Twins” ekwenzeni ngcono umzuzwana ngamnye wenkqubo yokuvelisa kwaye sihlalutye indlela iinkqubo zemvelo ze-China ezixineneyo, ezikwindawo ethile ezidale ngayo inqanaba lobuchule bemizi-mveliso obungenakuthelekiswa nanto okwangoku. Okokugqibela, siza kujonga iziphumo ze-geopolitical kunye ne-macroeconomic njengoko lo mfutho uphinda ubumbe imephu yeemoto zehlabathi, ucelomngeni ukusinda kwabavelisi bamandulo kunye nokuchaza ikamva lokuhamba okukrelekrele.

2. Iintsika zoMveliso oBukrelekrele: iiRobhothi kunye ne-AI kwiNqanaba eliPhambili

Embindini wefektri yanamhlanje yeemoto yaseTshayina ngo-2026, icandelo lomntu litshintshe ukusuka kumsebenzi wezandla ukuya kwi-orchestrating yenqanaba eliphezulu. Umgangatho wemveliso ulawulwa yi-ballet engathethiyo, ekhawulezayo yeerobhothi eziphambili kunye neenkqubo eziqhutywa yi-AI.

2.1 Ingcamango yeFektri ethi “Ukucima Izibane”

Abavelisi abaphambili abanjengoXiaomi kunye neBYD baye baqala iifektri "zokucima izibane" okanye "ezimnyama", apho zonke iindawo zomgca wokudibanisa zisebenza ngaphandle kokungenelela kwabantu.

• Uxinano lweRobhothi:Kwezi zakhiwo, umlinganiselo weerobhothi kubasebenzi babantu ufikelele kumanqanaba angazange abonwe ngaphambili. Imisebenzi eyayikade ithathwa njengebuthathaka kakhulu kwiimatshini—njengokufakelwa kwe-interior trim okanye ii-wiring harnesses ezintsonkothileyo—ngoku yenziwa ziirobhothi ezisebenzisanayo ezi-multi-axis (ii-cobots) ezixhotyiswe ngee-tactile sensors eziphambili.
• Ukuchaneka kwiSikali:Ukusetyenziswa kweenkqubo zokubona ezisebenzisa i-AI kuvumela ulawulo lomgangatho ngexesha langempela kuzo zonke izigaba. Ukuba i-weld icinyiwe ngesiqingatha se-millimeter, okanye ukuba ukugqitywa kwepeyinti kunesiphene esincinci, inkqubo iyibhaqa ngoko nangoko, nokuba iyilungisa kwangoko okanye ijike icandelo ukuze liphinde lisetyenziswe ngaphambi kokuba lifike kwisikhululo esilandelayo.

2.2 I-AI njengeNgqondo yoShishino

Ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa ngo-2026 "bubuchopho" bomzi-mveliso waseTshayina.

• Ukugcinwa Okuxelwe Ngaphambili:Ngokuhlalutya i-telemetry evela kumawaka eenzwa kulo lonke umgca wemveliso, iinkqubo ze-AI zinokuqikelela ukuba injini okanye isitywina se-hydraulic siza kusilela nini. Oku kuvumela ukuba ulondolozo lwenziwe ngexesha lokungasebenzi okucwangcisiweyo, okuphelisa phantse iziganeko ezimbi "zokuyeka umgca" ezichaphazela ukwenziwa kwemveliso yendabuko.
• Ucwangciso oluDlanayo:I-AI ilawula ukuhamba kwezinto kunye nolandelelwano lokuhlanganiswa. Kwi-"Software-Defined Factory," imoto nganye emgceni inokuba noqwalaselo olwahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo—ubungakanani bebhetri obahlukileyo, ingaphakathi elahlukileyo, umbala owahlukileyo—ngaphandle kokuthoba isantya semveliso. Olu buchule be-"Factory of One" lusisiphumo esithe ngqo sobuchule bokuvelisa obukrelekrele baseTshayina.

3. Amawele eDijithali kunye "neVenkile yeVirtual": Ukuphucula okungabonakaliyo

Esinye sezona ziseko zobugcisa zibalulekileyo zokuqhubela phambili kwemveliso eTshayina kukwamkelwa ngokubanzi kobuchwepheshe beDigital Twin.

3.1 Umfanekiso Wesipili

Kwifektri nganye ebonakalayo eTshayina, kukho isibini sedijithali esihambelanayo—ukulinganisa okuthembekileyo, okusehlabathini lokwenyani okuhlala efini.

• Ukulinganisa Ngaphambi Kokwenziwa:Ngaphambi kokuba imodeli entsha ichukumise umgca wokudibanisa obonakalayo, yonke inkqubo yayo yokuvelisa ilinganiswa kwi-digital twin. Oku kuvumela iinjineli ukuba zichonge imiqobo, zilungise iindlela zerobhothi, kwaye zivavanye ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto ezintsha kwindawo ebonakalayo engenamngcipheko.
• Ukulungiswa Kwexesha Langempela:Ngexesha lokuvelisa, i-digital twin inikwa umlambo oqhubekayo wedatha evela kwifektri ebonakalayo. Ii-algorithms ze-AI zihlalutya le datha ukuze zifumane iinzuzo ezingaphantsi kwemizuzwana emibini kwixesha lomjikelo apha, zinciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla nge-5% apho. Ngexesha lokuvelisa isigidi sezithuthi, ezi nzuzo ezingaphantsi kwemigangatho ziguqulela kwinzuzo enkulu yokukhuphisana.

3.2 Ikhonkco Lokubonelela Elidibeneyo Elidibeneyo

Ingcamango yamawele edijithali idlulela ngaphaya kweendonga zefektri kwaye ifikelele kwikhonkco lokubonelela. Ii-OEM zaseTshayina zinoku "bona" ​​kwiifektri zababoneleli bazo, zilandelela imveliso kunye nokuthunyelwa kwento nganye ngexesha langempela. Eli nqanaba lokungafihlisi livumela ukuba imveliso "ekwiXesha Elifanelekileyo" isebenze ngomlinganiselo othile onciphisa uluhlu lwezinto kwaye iphucule ukusebenza kakuhle kwemali.

4. Ulungelelwaniso lweCandelo loNikezelo: Inkqubo ye-Ecosystem ye-100km

Isabelo semveliso esingama-75% (njengoko sihlolisisiwe kumanqaku angaphambili) sixhaswa yinto eyahlukileyo yejografi neyemizi-mveliso: "i-100km Supply Chain Ecosystem."

4.1 Ukuhlanganiswa Okuthe Tye Kwindawo Enye

Kwiphondo ezifana neGuangdong, Jiangsu, kunye neAnhui, zonke izixeko zoshishino zakhiwe zijikeleze ishishini leemoto.

• Inzuzo yokusondela:Kwezi nkqubo zendalo, umenzi webhetri (umz., i-CATL), isiseko se-semiconductor, umthengisi weemoto, kunye nesityalo sokudibanisa sokugqibela zihlala zikwi-100km radius. Olu "sondelelwano olubonakalayo" lunciphisa iindleko zothutho, lunciphisa umngcipheko wekhabhoni kwimveliso, kwaye luvumela intsebenziswano ekhawulezileyo phakathi kweenjineli ezivela kwiinkampani ezahlukeneyo.
• Ukuphindaphinda Okukhawulezileyo:Xa kuphuhliswa isiseko esitsha sobugcisa—njengesixhobo sokulawula ubushushu esisebenza kakuhle—singadityaniswa kumgca wemveliso ngeeveki, endaweni yeenyanga okanye iminyaka efunekayo kwiindlela zemveli zokubonelela ngezixhobo zehlabathi.

4.2 Ukuqina Kokwenziwa Kwendawo

Ngelixa lonke ihlabathi belijongene nokuphazamiseka kokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwihlabathi liphela kunye nokungazinzi kwezopolitiko ngo-2024 nango-2025, iinkqubo zendalo zaseTshayina zahlala ziqinile. Ngokulawula lonke uthotho lokubonelela ukusuka ekucocweni kwezinto eziluhlaza ukuya ekuhlanganisweni kokugqibela kwindawo enye, imveliso ekrelekrele yaseTshayina izikhusele ekungazinzini kwemarike yehlabathi.

5. Isiseko soBugcisa: iGigacasting, iCTC, kunye nePlatform Modularity

Ukukhula kokwenziwa kwemveliso eTshayina kukwabangelwa lutshintsho olukhulu kwindlela eyilwe neyahlanganiswa ngayo imoto ngokwayo.

5.1 Uguquko lwe-“Gigacasting”

Belandela ukhokelo lweTesla kodwa beyinyusa ngesantya saseTshayina, abavelisi abanjengoXiaomi kunye neGeely basebenzise oomatshini bokuphosa iidayi ezinkulu kakhulu (iitoni ezingama-6,000 ukuya kwi-12,000 zoxinzelelo).

• Ukudityaniswa kweeCandelo:I-Gigacasting ivumela ukuba iindawo ezininzi ezifakwe isitampu kunye ne-welded zitshintshwe yinxalenye enye enkulu (ngesiqhelo ingaphantsi komzimba ongasemva). Oku kunciphisa inani leendawo kwisithuthi ngamakhulu, kwenza kube lula umgca wokuhlanganisa, kwaye kunciphisa kakhulu ubunzima besithuthi, nto leyo ibalulekileyo kuluhlu lwe-EV.
• Ukunyaniseka kwesakhiwo:Ezi zinto zibumbayo zibonelela ngokuqina kwesakhiwo okuphezulu kunye nokusebenza kokuwa xa kuthelekiswa neendibano zemveli ezinamacandelo amaninzi, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kunokuhambelana nokhuseleko.

5.2 IiSeli-ukuya-kwiChassis (CTC) kunye neePowertrains eziDibeneyo

Iinjineli zaseTshayina ziye zaba ngoovulindlela ekuhlanganisweni kwebhetri ngqo kwisakhiwo semoto.

• Itekhnoloji ye-CTC:Ngokwenza ibhetri ibe lilungu lesakhiwo setshasi, abavelisi abanjengoLeapmotor kunye noXiaomi basuse isidingo seendawo ezahlukeneyo zebhetri kunye namalungu anqamlezileyo. Olu "yilo oludibeneyo" luxhasa ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso ngama-75% ngokunciphisa inani lamanyathelo okuhlanganisa kunye nokwandisa uxinano lwamandla esithuthi.
• Iiyunithi zeDrive eziyi-8 kwi-1 kunye ne-10 kwi-1:Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-motor, i-inverter, i-transmission, kunye ne-electronics yamandla kwiyunithi enye, encinci yenye isiseko sobugcisa esenza kube lula ukwenziwa kwemveliso kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwezithuthi.

(Kuza kuqhubeka kwicandelo elilandelayo ngeSoftware-Defined Vehicle, Global Impact, Case Studies, kunye neFuture Outlook…)

6. "Isithuthi Esichazwe yiSoftware" (SDV): Umsebenzi Wobugcisa Wokuvelisa

Ngowama-2026, imoto ayiseyonto nje yoomatshini; liqonga lekhompyutha elintsonkothileyo nelihambayo. Olu tshintsho lunefuthe elikhulu kwindlela ezenziwa ngayo izithuthi.

6.1 Utshintsho ukusuka kwiNdibano yoMatshini ukuya kwiNdibano ye-elektroniki

Ukwenziwa kwezinto ngobuchule eTshayina kuye kwatshintsha indlela ebeka phambili "intliziyo ye-elektroniki" yesithuthi.

• Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-ECU okuPhambili:Endaweni yokuba kubekho iiYunithi zoLawulo lwe-Electronic (ii-ECU) ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ezidityaniswe ngeekhilomitha zocingo, ii-SDV zaseTshayina zisebenzisa "iiZone Controllers" ezikwindawo enye. Oku kwenza kube lula ukusebenzisa i-wiring harness (ukunciphisa ubunzima kunye nexesha lokuhlanganisa) kwaye kuvumela inkqubo yokuhlanganisa elungelelanisiweyo neyimodyuli.
• Umgca Wokudibanisa "Igumbi Elicocekileyo":Ezona ndawo zibalulekileyo kwifektri yanamhlanje yaseTshayina azizo izitishi zokuwelda, kodwa ziindawo "zegumbi elicocekileyo" apho zidityaniswe khona iiSoCs eziphambili (iSystem-on-Chip), iisensa zeLiDAR, kunye neemodyuli ze-cockpit ezikrelekrele. Le ndawo ifana kakhulu ne-semiconductor fab kune-plant yemoto yendabuko.

6.2 I-"Flash" yeSoftware kunye noQinisekiso

Inqanaba eliphambili kwimveliso yobukrelekrele yaseTshayina kukuhlanganiswa kwesoftware yokugqibela.

• Ukukhanya Okukhawulezayo:Ngowama-2026, yonke isoftware yesithuthi—iigigabytes ezininzi zedatha—iboniswa kwiikhompyutha ezikwinqwelo ngemizuzu embalwa njengoko imoto isondela esiphelweni somgca.
• Ukuqinisekiswa Okuzenzakalelayo:Amawaka eemvavanyo zesoftware ezizenzekelayo zenziwa ngaxeshanye njengoko imoto ivavanywa okokugqibela ngokomzimba. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba yonke inzwa, yonke i-algorithm ye-AI, kunye nayo yonke imodyuli yoqhagamshelwano isebenza ngokugqibeleleyo ngaphambi kokuba imoto iphume kumzi-mveliso, inkqubo ebalulekileyo ekuthembekeni kwee-EVs zaseTshayina zobugcisa obuphezulu.

7. Utshintsho kwiZakhono zoLuntu: "Abasebenzi beDijithali" abatsha

"Isantya Sokwenziwa Kobukrelekrele" sithetha ngabantu njengoko sithetha ngeerobhothi.

7.1 Ukusuka kwi "Laborer" ukuya kwi "Systems Orchestrator"

Indima yomsebenzi womzi-mveliso eTshayina itshintshe kakhulu.

• Ukunyuka kweTekhnoloji yeSTEM:Imigca yokuhlanganisa yanamhlanje yamaTshayina ilawulwa ziingcali ezineemvelaphi kwisayensi yekhompyutha, iirobhothi, kunye nobunjineli bombane. Zinoxanduva lokulungisa iingxaki ze-AI, ukuphucula iindlela zeerobhothi, kunye nokulawula iwele ledijithali.
• Inkcubeko yokufunda eqhubekayo:Iinkampani ezifana neBYD kunye neXiaomi zityala imali eninzi "kwiiYunivesithi zoKwenza" zangaphakathi, apho abasebenzi bahlala befundiswa izakhono ezintsha ukuze bahambisane notshintsho olukhawulezayo lwetekhnoloji yemveliso. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba icandelo lomntu kwifektri lihlala lingumthombo wobuchule endaweni yokuba ngumqobo.

7.2 Isantya sokuphindaphinda "996″ kunye neMfazwe yeTalente yeHlabathi

Nangona impikiswano iqhubeka, inkcubeko yokusebenza enzima kwiindawo zoshishino zaseTshayina ivumela isantya sokuvelisa izinto ezintsha esingenakuthelekiswa nanto okwangoku.

• Ukuphindaphinda ngesantya seSoftware:Kwifektri yaseTshayina, inkqubo yemveliso inokuphinda ihlaziywe kwaye isetyenziswe kwiiveki ezimbalwa. Ii-OEM zemveli zaseNtshona, ngezivumelwano zazo zomsebenzi eziqinileyo kunye nezakhiwo zokwenza izigqibo ezicothayo, zikufumanisa kunzima ukukhuphisana nale "Industrial Agility."
• Ukutsala Ubuchule Behlabathi:Ukuze zihlale zikhokela, ii-OEM zaseTshayina ziqesha iinjineli zokuvelisa eziphezulu ezivela eTesla, eBMW, naseToyota, zidala inkcubeko yokuvelisa edibanisa ulawulo lomgangatho waseNtshona kunye nesantya kunye nobukhulu baseTshayina.

8. Impembelelo yeHlabathi: Ukuphazamiseka kwe-"Automotive Triangle" yesiqhelo

Ukukhula kwemveliso yaseTshayina kudala ulungelelwaniso olutsha lwehlabathi kwishishini leemoto, nto leyo esongela ulawulo lwembali lwe-US, iJamani, neJapan.

8.1 Usongelo lokuNgabikho kwezemizi-mveliso eJamani

“I-Mittelstand” yaseJamani—uthungelwano oluxineneyo lwababoneleli abakhethekileyo abaqhubela phambili ulawulo lwayo lwe-ICE—ijongene nengxaki yokuphila.

• Umsantsa weendleko:Njengoko imveliso ekrelekrele yaseTshayina inciphisa ixabiso le-EV ukuya kumlinganiselo wexabiso nesithuthi se-ICE, iindleko eziphezulu zabasebenzi kunye namandla emveliso yaseJamani ziba luxanduva olukhulu.
• Umsantsa weTekhnoloji:Ababoneleli baseJamani bayasokola ukutshintshela kwizinto zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu (iibhetri, iiSoC, iisensa) esele ziveliswa ziinkampani zaseTshayina ngobuninzi bazo. Inyani ka-2026 kukuba uninzi "lweenkokeli zesizwe" zaseJamani ngoku zixhomekeke kumaqonga okuvelisa aseTshayina ukuze zihlale zikhuphisana.

8.2 Umngeni “wokuthabatha inyathelo lesibini” waseJapan

IJapan, eyayinguvulindlela ekuqaliseni ukuhlanganiswa kwemoto okusemgangathweni ophezulu neToyota, iye yacotha ukwamkela indlela "yokuvelisa echazwe kwisoftware".

• Ukuchasana neLifa:Ukuzibophelela kwiindlela zemveli ze-“Kaikaku” kunye ne-“Kaizen”, nangona zisebenza kwi-ICE kunye nezithuthi ezixutyiweyo, kuye kwanzima ukuziqhelanisa nesantya kunye nokuguquguquka kwedijithali kwexesha le-EV.
• Ukungabikho kweCandelo loNikezelo:IJapan ayinayo ibhetri yasekhaya kunye nenkqubo yesoftware eyityalileyo iTshayina, nto leyo eshiya abavelisi bayo besengozini yokuphazamiseka kokubonelela ngezinto ezibangela uloyiko kunye nokuguquguquka kwamaxabiso.

8.3 Impendulo ye-US: Ukhuseleko vs. Ubuchule

I-United States iphendule ngerhafu ye-100% kwiimoto zombane zaseTshayina, nto leyo eyenze “igadi ebiyelweyo” kwishishini layo lasekhaya.

• Isohlwayo soBuchule:Nangona iirhafu zikhusela imisebenzi yase-US kwixesha elifutshane, zikwakhusela abavelisi base-US kwingcinezelo yokhuphiswano yokwenziwa kwezinto ngobuchule baseTshayina. I-IEA kunye nabanye ababukeli behlabathi balumkisa ukuba oku kunokukhokelela "ekubambezelekeni kweteknoloji," apho ii-EV ezenziwe e-US zibiza kakhulu kwaye zingaphucukanga kangako kunezo zifumaneka kwihlabathi liphela.

9. I-Geopolitics of Productivity: Ukuvelisa njenge-Asethi yeQhinga

Ngowama-2026, ubuchule bokuvelisa luhlobo lwamandla ezopolitiko.

9.1 Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe "kweMveliso njengeNkonzo" (MaaS)

I-China ithumela ulwazi lwayo lokuvelisa kwamanye amazwe ngakumbi.

• Iindawo Zokuhlanganisana Zeengingqi:Njengoko ii-OEM zaseTshayina zakha iifektri eHungary, eBrazil, naseThailand, azakhi nje iimoto kuphela, kodwa zithumela ngaphandle yonke inkqubo ye-"Intelligent Manufacturing". Oku kudala imisebenzi yasekuhlaleni kwaye kudibanisa la mazwe kwi-industrial orbit yaseTshayina, uhlobo olutsha lwe-"Soft Power" ngokusebenzisa iziseko eziqinileyo.
• Imigangatho yoLawulo:Ngokumisela umgangatho wehlabathi jikelele wendlela ezakhiwa ngayo ii-EV (iiGigacasting, CTC, amaqonga e-800V), iTshayina iqinisekisa ukuba ishishini leemoto lehlabathi leminyaka yoo-2030 liza kwakhiwa kwiziseko ezichazwe yiTshayina.

9.2 Isixhobo "soKhuseleko lobonelelo"

Ubuninzi bomthamo wokuvelisa eTshayina buyinika amandla amakhulu kurhwebo lwehlabathi. Amandla okwandisa okanye ukunciphisa imveliso yezinto ezibalulekileyo (ezifana neebhetri ze-LFP okanye iimagnethi zomhlaba onqabileyo) zinokuchaphazela impilo yezoqoqosho yamanye amazwe, okwenza "i-Intelligent Manufacturing" ibe yintsika ephambili yesicwangciso sokhuseleko lwesizwe saseTshayina.

(Siqhubeka nobunzulu obungakumbi: Uphononongo lweTyala le-Hyperfactory kaXiaomi, Ikamva leeRobhothi eziHlanganisiweyo, kunye neFinal Synthesis…)

10. Isifundo Setyala: “I-Hyperfactory” kaXiaomi – I-Flagship ye-2026 Intelligent Manufacturing

Ukuze uqonde "iMomentum engenakuthintelwa," umntu kufuneka ajonge iXiaomi Hyperfactory eBeijing. Yagqitywa ngo-2024 yaza yandiswa ngo-2025-2026, lelona ziko lemveliso yeemoto liphambili ehlabathini.

10.1 Umatshini we-9100t “Xiaomi Die-Casting”

Embindini wefektri kukho amaqela amabini eetoni ezili-9,100 ze-“Super Die-Casting”.

• Ukuhlanganiswa kweNguquko:Ezi matshini zaphosa wonke umgangatho ongasemva we-SU7 kunye nezinye ezalandela emva kwayo kwinxalenye enye, zathatha indawo yamacandelo angama-72 ahlukeneyo zaza zanciphisa amanqaku okuwelda angama-840. Isiseko sobugcisa sale nto saphuhliswa ngokupheleleyo ngamaqela ezixhobo kunye nobunjineli boomatshini beXiaomi.
• Ubunkokeli beXesha leMijikelo:Le nkqubo ithatha ngaphantsi kwemizuzwana eli-120 ngenxalenye, isantya esivumele iXiaomi ukuba inyuse imveliso iye kwiiyunithi ezingaphezu kwama-200,000 ngonyaka kwiminyaka yayo emibini yokuqala yokusebenza.

10.2 Intsebenziswano "yeRobhothi-kuBantu": IiRobhothi ezingaphezu kwama-700

I-Hyperfactory isebenzisa iirobhothi ezingaphezu kwama-700 zoshishino, zenza i-100% yemisebenzi ephambili yokuhlanganisa.

• Ukufakelwa Kwangaphakathi Okuzenzekelayo:Ingalo yerobhothi ekhethekileyo, exhotyiswe ngokubona kwe-3D kunye nempendulo yamandla, ifaka yonke imodyuli ye-cockpit, izihlalo, kunye nophahla lwelanga ngokuchanekileyo okungaphantsi kwe-millimeter. Lo msebenzi, ngokwesiko oyinxalenye enzima kakhulu yokuhlanganisa iimoto, ngoku uzenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo.
• I-AMR (iiRobhothi eziZihambelayo eziZizimeleyo):Umgangatho wefektri awunazo iibhanti zokuhambisa zemveli. Endaweni yoko, iinxalenye kunye neemoto ezidityaniswe kancinci zithuthwa phakathi kwezitishi ngamakhulu ee-AMR ezisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe beLiDAR kunye neSLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping), okuvumela uyilo lwemveliso oluguquguqukayo kakhulu.

11. Ukuntywila okuNzulu koBugcisa: I-Silicon Carbide (i-SiC) kunye nokuHlanganisa iiSeli zeBhetri

Ukwenziwa kwezinto ngobuchule eTshayina akupheleli nje ekuqondeni umzimba wemoto, kodwa kuxhomekeke kwintliziyo yemoto enobuchwepheshe obuphezulu.

11.1 Indibano yeModyuli yeSiC ezenzekelayo

Ukuveliswa kwee-inverters ze-800V Silicon Carbide (SiC) kufuna ukuchaneka okugqithisileyo.

• Ukutywina ngeVacuum kunye nokuBonda ngokuzenzekelayo:Iitships zeSiC zibotshelelwe kwaye zibotshelelwe ngocingo kwiindawo zazo ezisebenza ngombane kumagumbi acocekileyo azenzekelayo. Naluphi na uthuli okanye ukungcangcazela kuya kuphazamisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwemodyuli. Ukukhokela kweTshayina kule siseko sobugcisa kuqinisekisa ukuba ii-EV zayo zinenzuzo yokusebenza kakuhle ye-5-10% kunezinye iintshatsheli zaseNtshona.
• Uvavanyo lwe-100% EoL (Ukuphela komgca):I-inverter nganye ivavanywa uthotho lovavanyo loxinzelelo lwe-high-voltage olulawulwa yi-AI. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba icandelo elinobomi obulindelekileyo beminyaka eli-15 linokuthenjwa ukususela kusuku lokuqala.

11.2 Umgca Wokuvelisa "iiGiga-Cell"

Ukuhlanganiswa kwebhetri ngoku ngumsebenzi wobugcisa wokwenza izinto ngokuzenzekelayo ngesantya esiphezulu.

• Ukuhlanganiswa kweBlade kunye neQilin:Inkqubo yokufaka iiseli ezibhityileyo ze-“Blade” kwiphakheji yolwakhiwo yenziwa ziirobhothi ezithatha indawo ngesantya esiphezulu. Ukuchaneka okufunekayo kufana noko kwentambo yokudibanisa ii-smartphone ezikhawulezayo, kodwa ngomlinganiselo omkhulu kakhulu.
• Imifanekiso yobushushu bexesha langempela:Ngexesha lokuhlanganiswa kunye "nokutsha" kwebhetri okokuqala, iseli nganye ijongwa ziikhamera zobushushu ukuze kuchongwe naziphi na "iindawo ezishushu" ezinokubonisa isiphene sokwenziwa kwayo, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko olupheleleyo.

12. I-5G-Advanced kunye ne-6G: "Inethiwekhi ye-Neural" yeFektri

Umzi-mveliso waseTshayina ka-2026 yinkqubo yendalo edibeneyo ngokupheleleyo, esebenzisa iziseko zonxibelelwano eziphucukileyo kwihlabathi.

12.1 I-intanethi ye-5G-A (5.5G) yeShishini

I-China ikhokele ukusasazwa kwe-5G-Advanced, enika ixesha eliphantsi kunye nokuthembeka okuphezulu okufunekayo kulawulo lwemizi-mveliso.

• I-PLC engenazingcingo (uMlawuli weLogic oHleliweyo):KwiHyperfactory, iirobhothi aziqhagamshelwanga ziikhilomitha ezininzi zeentambo ze-ethernet. Zinxibelelana ngaphandle kwentambo nenkqubo yolawulo oluphakathi nge-5.5G. Oku kuvumela umgca wemveliso ukuba uhlengahlengiswe ngeeyure endaweni yeentsuku, uphawu oluphambili lwe-"Software-Defined Manufacturing."
• Ukugcinwa kwe-AR (iNqobo eyongeziweyo):Iingcali zisebenzisa iiglasi ze-AR eziqhagamshelwe kwi-5G ukwenza ulondolozo. Le nkqubo igquma idatha yedijithali ephindwe kabini kumatshini obonakalayo, igqamisa eyona nto ifuna ukuqwalaselwa kwaye inika imiyalelo yenyathelo ngenyathelo.

12.2 Ukuya kwi-6G kunye "noBukrelekrele obuBonke"

Njengoko sijonge ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-2020, isiseko sobugcisa se-6G siyavavanywa kwezi meko zoshishino. Injongo kukudala unxibelelwano "olungenalo ixesha", apho umzi-mveliso kunye nelifu ngokusisiseko zizinto enye, ezimanyeneyo.

13. Ikamva: Iirobhothi ezingabantu njengeQela elitsha lezeMizi-mveliso

Uphuhliso oluchulumancisayo ngo-2026 kukungena kweerobhothi ezinjengomntu kumgangatho wemveliso.

13.1 I-CyberOne kaXiaomi kunye neNgaphaya kwayo

Nangona izixhobo zoshishino zilungele imisebenzi esisigxina, iirobhothi ezinjengomntu zibonelela ngokuguquguquka kokuhambahamba kumzi-mveliso njengomntu kwaye zenze imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo.

• Ukufuduswa Kwemisebenzi Eyingozi:Iirobhothi ezisebenzisa ubuntu zisetyenziselwa uvavanyo lobushushu obuphezulu, ukuphathwa kweekhemikhali, kunye nokuphakamisa izinto ezinzima kwiindawo ezixineneyo apho iirobhothi zemveli zingenakufikelela khona.
• Ulwahlulo lwe-"AI Embodiment":Ezi robhothi zibonakala ngokoqobo kwi-"Embodied AI" yaseTshayina. Zifunda ngokujonga abasebenzi abangabantu zize emva koko zenze imisebenzi ngokungaguquguqukiyo ngokupheleleyo kwaye zingakhathali.

14. Impembelelo kwiNdalo: I-“Zero-Carbon” Intelligent Factory

Ukwenziwa kwemveliso ngobuchule eTshayina kungqina ukuba amandla emizi-mveliso anokuba luhlaza.

14.1 Amandla Avuselelekayo Kwindawo

Isizukulwana esitsha seefektri ze-EV eTshayina ziyilwe njenge-“Green Energy Hubs.”

• Uphahla lwelanga:I-Xiaomi Hyperfactory igutyungelwe ziiphaneli zelanga ezisebenza kakuhle ezifikelela kwi-20% yemfuno yayo ephezulu yamandla.
• Ukuhlanganiswa koLondolozo lwaMandla:Iibhetri ezinkulu ezingasebenziyo (ezisebenzisa iibhetri ze-EV "zobomi besibini") zigcina amandla elanga agqithisileyo ukuze zisetyenziswe ngexesha lokutshintsha ebusuku, nto leyo edala inkqubo yamandla ejikelezayo ngokwenene.

14.2 Ukuphinda kusetyenziswe amanzi nezinto

• Ukukhupha ulwelo olungenanto:Iinkqubo zokucoca eziphucukileyo ziphinda zisebenzise i-100% yamanzi asetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zokupenda nokupholisa.
• Ukubuyiswa kweeScrap:Inkqubo yeGigacasting ayivelisi nkunkuma ingako, njengoko nayiphi na i-aluminium egqithisileyo inyibilikiswa ngoko nangoko kwaye isetyenziswe kwakhona kwindawo, nto leyo enciphisa "i-Embodied Carbon" yomzimba wesithuthi ngaphezulu kwe-30%.

15. Impembelelo yezoqoqosho: Ukusuka “Kwenziwe eTshayina” ukuya “Eyenziwe ngobunjineli eTshayina”

Ukukhula kwemveliso ekrelekrele kuyayitshintsha ngokusisiseko iprofayili yezoqoqosho yaseTshayina.

15.1 Utshintsho oluya kwi-GDP enexabiso eliphezulu

Ngowama-2026, icandelo leemoto libe ngumqhubi oyintloko wokukhula komgangatho ophezulu eTshayina.

• "Isiphumo Sokuphindaphinda":Kumsebenzi ngamnye owenziweyo kumzi-mveliso we-EV okrelekrele, kwenziwa eminye emihlanu kwi-ecosystem ejikelezileyo yezobuchwepheshe obuphezulu (isoftware, ii-semiconductors, izixhobo ezintsha).
• Ulawulo loRhwebo lweHlabathi:Intsalela yorhwebo lwaseTshayina iqhutywa ngakumbi kukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe "kwexabiso lokuvelisa ubuchwepheshe obuphezulu," endaweni yokuhlanganiswa okungabizi kakhulu. Oku kuyayomeleza iYuan yaseTshayina kwaye kubonelela ngemali-mali kwisizukulwana esilandelayo sophando nophuhliso lwehlabathi.

15.2 Isisombululo "soMgibe woMvuzo oPhakathi"

Ngokutshintshela kwimodeli yemizi-mveliso ekhokelwa bubuchwepheshe, iTshayina iphumelele ekulweni "nomgibe wabantu abafumana ingeniso ephakathi." Imivuzo ephezulu ehlawulwa "kwiingcali zeSTEM" kwezi mveliso ikhuthaza ukwanda kokusetyenziswa kwekhaya, idala uqoqosho "oluhamba kabini" oluzixhasayo noluzinzileyo.

(Siqhubeka ne-Final Roadmap 2035, i-Geopolitical Final, kunye ne-Shrinte…)

16. I-Intanethi yezinto zeShishini (IIoT) kunye namandla eDatha eNkulu

"Isantya Esingenakuthintelwa" sixhaswa yidatha. Ngo-2026, umzi-mveliso weemoto waseTshayina ngowona mvelisi mkhulu wedatha yemizi-mveliso emhlabeni.

16.1 "I-Data Lake" kunye noHlalutyo lweXesha langempela

Yonke imashini, yonke irobhothi, kunye nayo yonke into ekwifektri yindawo yolwazi.

• I-Telemetry Enkulu:Umgca omnye wokuhlanganisa uvelisa ii-terabytes zedatha yonke imihla. Le datha ifakwa kwi-"Data Lake" apho ii-algorithms ze-AI zikhangela iipateni, izinto ezingaqhelekanga, kunye namathuba okuphucula.
• Umgangatho oQikelelweyo (PQ):Ngokudibanisa idatha evela kwi-stamping press kunye nokulungelelaniswa kokugqibela kwesithuthi, inkqubo inokuqikelela umgangatho wemveliso yokugqibela ngaphambi kokuba igqitywe. Olu "Mgangatho Wokuqikelela" lususa isidingo sokuhlolwa okubizayo nokuthatha ixesha elide kokuphela komgca.

16.2 I-Reply Loop evela kwiNdlela

I-data loop ayipheli xa imoto iphuma efektri.

• Idatha Yokusebenza Kwehlabathi Lokwenyani:Izigidi zeemoto ze-EV ezixhunyiweyo endleleni zithumela idatha yokusebenza kumzi-mveliso. Ukuba icandelo elithile libonisa ukuguguleka okuphezulu kunokuba bekulindelwe kwiindawo ezibandayo, i-"Digital Twin" kumzi-mveliso iyahlaziywa, kwaye inkqubo yokuvelisa ilungiswa ngexesha langempela ukuphucula ukuqina kwecandelo kwizithuthi zexesha elizayo. Le "Closed-Loop Manufacturing" sisiseko sobugcisa ii-OEM zemveli ezisokola ukusiphinda.

17. Ukuntywila Okunzulu Kobuchwephesha: Uphuhliso Lokugquma Nokupenda – Umsebenzi Wobugcisa Ongenakukhupha Umoya

Ukupeyinta ngokwesiko yeyona nxalenye inamandla kakhulu neyonakalisa okusingqongileyo xa kusenziwa iimoto. Ukwenziwa kweemoto ngobuchule eTshayina kuguqule oku kwaba yinkqubo "yokungakhuphi mafutha".

17.1 Iiteknoloji Ezisekelwe Emanzini Nezingenazo Izinyibilikisi

Ngowama-2026, zonke izityalo ezintsha ze-EV zaseTshayina zitshintshele kwiinkqubo zokupeyinta ezisekelwe emanzini okanye ezingenazinyibilikisi ngokupheleleyo.

• Ukususa ii-VOC:IiVolatile Organic Compounds (iiVOC) zisusiwe ngokupheleleyo kwinkqubo yemveliso, nto leyo ephucula kakhulu umgangatho womoya ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwefektri.
• Ukutshiza ngokuchanekileyo:Iingalo zerobhothi ezilawulwa yi-AI zisebenzisa i-“Electrostatic Atomization” ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-99.9% yepeyinti ifikelela emzimbeni wemoto, nto leyo enciphisa inkunkuma kwaye iqinisekisa ukugqitywa okufanelekileyo okuhlangabezana nemigangatho ephezulu yobunewunewu.

17.2 Ivenkile yokupeyinta “encinci”

Ngokudibanisa iileya ezininzi zokugquma kwinkqubo enye yokufaka isicelo, iifektri zaseTshayina zinciphise ubungakanani bevenkile yokupenda ngama-40%. Oku kunciphisa "ubunzima bobushushu" besakhiwo, kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okufudumeza kunye nokungenisa umoya kwaye negalelo kwinjongo ye "Zero-Carbon Factory".

18. Ukuphazamiseka kweCandelo loNikezelo lweHlabathi: Ukusuka “kwiXesha elifanelekileyo” ukuya “kwiZikhungo eziDibeneyo”

Imodeli endala yokuhanjiswa kwe-"Just-in-Time" evela kumakhulu ababoneleli abakude ithathelwa indawo yi-"Integrated Industrial Hub".

18.1 Imodeli yoMboneleli “ongaphakathi kwiZityalo”

Kwindlela entsha yokuvelisa izinto yaseTshayina, kukho ababoneleli ababalulekileyo (umz., ukuhlanganiswa kwemodyuli yebhetri, ukujija iimoto).ngaphakathiisakhiwo somzi-mveliso se-OEM.

• Ixabiso leZero-Logistics:Iinxalenye zisuswa kumgca womthengisi ziye kumgca wokuhlanganisa we-OEM ngee-conveyors ezizenzekelayo, nto leyo esusa imfuneko yeelori, iikreyithi, kunye nendawo yokugcina impahla.
• Uphando noPhuhliso oluhambelanayo:Xa i-OEM kufuneka yenze utshintsho kuyilo, iinjineli zomthengisi zikwigumbi elilandelayo, nto leyo evumela "isantya saseTshayina" sokuphindaphinda esichaza imakethi ka-2026.

18.2 "Indawo Ezinzileyo" xa kuthelekiswa "neTyathanga Elibuthathaka"

Iintambo zobonelelo lwehlabathi zemveli ziluhlu lweekhonkco ezinokwaphulwa kukuhlaselwa kwezibuko, ukuvaleka kwemijelo, okanye imfazwe yorhwebo. I-"Integrated Hub" yaseTshayina yinkqubo yendalo ezimele ngokwayo ekwaziyo ukumelana neengozi zangaphandle, iqinisekisa isabelo semveliso esihlala sihleli se-75% nokuba iimeko zehlabathi zinjani na.

19. I-Geopolitics of Productivity: Ukuvelisa njengeSixhobo soRhwebo kunye neDiplomacy

"Isantya Esingenakuthintelwa" sisixhobo esiphambili somgaqo-nkqubo wezangaphandle waseTshayina ka-2026.

19.1 Ukumisela "uMgangatho weShishini" weHlabathi

Ngokulawula ukuveliswa kwee-EV, iTshayina ikwindawo ephambili yokumisela imigangatho yehlabathi yokhuseleko lwebhetri, iiprotokholi zokutshaja, kunye nokusebenzisana kwesoftware.

• "Isiseko soBugcisa" njengesithintelo sokungena:Ukuba lonke ihlabathi lifuna ukukhuphisana, kufuneka lisebenzise imigangatho echazwe yimveliso yobukrelekrele yaseTshayina, nto leyo edala ukhetho lwendalo lwezixhobo kunye nobuchule baseTshayina.

19.2 “Ubudlelwane phakathi kweFektri”: IBelt and Road 2.0

Ngowama-2026, iBelt and Road Initiative igxile kwi-"Green Industrialization."

• Ukuthumela ngaphandle iFektri, kungekuphela nje ngeMoto:I-China yakha "iipaki zezoShishino ezikrelekrele" e-Afrika, kuMbindi Mpuma, nakuMzantsi-mpuma we-Asia. Ezi paki zisebenzisa i-IIoT yaseTshayina, iirobhothi zaseTshayina, kunye neenkqubo zolawulo zaseTshayina, zidala inethiwekhi yehlabathi yeendawo zokuvelisa "ezifana nezamaTshayina" ezixhasa ezi ndawo kuqoqosho lwaseTshayina.

20. Imephu yeNdlela ka-2035: Iifektri ezizimeleyo kunye neMigqaliselo yokuZiphilisa

Ukujonga phambili ku-2035, isantya sokwenziwa kwezinto ngobuchule siya kukhokelela kwinqanaba elitsha lokuzimela kwezoshishino.

20.1 Umzi-mveliso “wokuziphilisa”

Kwiminyaka yoo-2030, umzi-mveliso uza kuba nakho "ukuZiphilisa."

• Ukulungiswa Okuzenzakalelayo:Ukuba irobhothi iyasilela, irobhothi yokulungisa ephathwayo (esenokuba ngumntu) iya kuthunyelwa ukuze iyilungise ngoko nangoko, kusetyenziswa iindawo eziprintiweyo ze-3D ezenziwe kwindawo leyo. Umgca wemveliso uya kutshintsha ngokuzenzekelayo indlela yokusebenza ijikeleze ukusilela, ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho xesha lokungasebenzi.
• Uyilo Oluvelisayo Lokwenza Izinto:I-AI ayizukulawula nje kuphela umgca; iya kuyila isizukulwana esilandelayo sefektri. Ngokuhlalutya idatha yeminyaka yemveliso, i-AI iya kuvelisa uyilo olusebenzayo kunye noqwalaselo lweerobhothi kwiimodeli ezintsha, isuse "impazamo yomntu" kwisicwangciso semizi-mveliso.

20.2 “IWebhu yeMveliso yeHlabathi”

Ngowama-2035, umahluko phakathi kwemveliso "yasekhaya" kunye "neyamazwe ngamazwe" uya kuba luzizi. I-"Global Production Web" elawulwa yi-AI edibeneyo iya kulungelelanisa imveliso kumakhulu eendawo kwihlabathi liphela, iphucule imveliso ngokusekelwe kwimfuno yasekuhlaleni, iindleko zamandla, kunye nokufumaneka kwezinto ngexesha langempela.

21. Uthelekiso: Iimodeli "zeSmart Factory" zika-2026

Ukuze uqonde umahluko wesantya, umntu kufuneka athelekise iimodeli eziphambili.

21.1 BYD: I-"Stical Integration" enkulu

Iifektri zeBYD ziphawulwa yifilosofi yazo ethi “Yonke into engaphakathi endlini”. Ukususela kwii-semiconductors ukuya kwi-upholstery, phantse yonke into yenziwa yinkampani ephethwe yiBYD, ukuqinisekisa ulawulo olupheleleyo kwixabiso kunye nomgangatho.

21.2 ITesla Shanghai: Uphawu "lokusebenza kakuhle"

I-Shanghai Gigafactory isengumgangatho wegolide we-"Throughput Per Square Meter." Ukujongwa kwayo ngokuthe nkqo kunye noyilo lwayo oluxinzelelweyo kakhulu bubungqina bamandla oyilo lwaseMelika oluqhutywa ngesantya sokwenziwa kwemveliso saseTshayina.

21.3 Xiaomi: Iflegi "echazwe yisoftware"

I-Xiaomi Hyperfactory imele indlela ethi “Tech Giant”—isebenzisa ilifa ledijithali lenkampani yefowuni ukuze kudalwe inkqubo yemveliso eguquguqukayo, eqhutywa yidatha, negxile kubathengi ehlabathini.

22. Isiphelo: Uguquko Olungenakuguqulwa Lwemizi-mveliso

"Isantya Esingenakuthintelwa Sokwenziwa Kwezinto Ezikrelekrele ZaseTshayina" asilomkhwa wexeshana; lutshintsho olungenakuguqulwa kwishishini leemoto. Ukudibana kweerobhothi eziphambili, ii-digital twins, iindawo zokubonelela ngeenkonzo zasekhaya, kunye nokugxila okungapheliyo ekudityanisweni kwesoftware kudale umgangatho omtsha wemveliso yemizi-mveliso.

Njengoko sijonga imeko-bume yehlabathi ngo-2026, umbuzo awusekho kukuba abavelisi bemveli banokukwazi na "ukufikelela" kwiTshayina; umbuzo kukuba baza kuziqhelanisa njani nehlabathi apho inkcazo "yokugqwesa kwemveliso" ibhalwe ngokutsha. Uguquko lombane lwaba yintlantsi, kodwa ukwenziwa kwezinto ngobuchule yinjini eqhuba ihlabathi kwixesha elitsha lokuhambahamba.

Ikamva lemoto lithule, likrelekrele, kwaye lidibene. Kwaye ikamva lomzi-mveliso oyakhayo liyachazwa, licocwa, kwaye ligqibeleliswa kwimigangatho yemveliso yaseTshayina. Umfutho awunakuthintelwa, kwaye utshintsho kwishishini leemoto lehlabathi ngoku lugqityiwe.

23. Isiseko soBugcisa: I-Silicon Carbide (SiC) Revolution kunye ne-Advanced Power Electronics

"I-Unstoppable Momentum" ayipheleli nje ekuhlanganiseni imoto okubonakalayo, kodwa nasekuqondeni amandla angabonakaliyo e-electronics. Ngo-2026, iTshayina ibe yinkokeli yehlabathi ekwenzeni iimodyuli zeSilicon Carbide (SiC), "iingqondo" ezibalulekileyo ze-EV powertrain.

23.1 Utshintsho kwi-800V kunye nendima yeSiC

Iimoto zemveli ze-EV zisebenzisa iinkqubo ze-400V ezisekelwe kwi-Silicon IGBTs. Nangona kunjalo, isizukulwana esilandelayo sezithuthi ezikrelekrele eTshayina siye safudukela phantse kumaqonga e-800V kuphela.

• Kutheni iSiC?I-Silicon Carbide ivumela ii-voltage eziphezulu kakhulu kunye namaza okutshintsha kune-silicon yendabuko. Oku kuthetha ukuba i-inverter—isixhobo esiguqula amandla ebhetri ye-DC ibe ngamandla e-AC motor—inokuba ncinci, ilula, kwaye isebenze kakuhle ukuya kuthi ga kwi-98%.
• Inzuzo "yoluhlu kunye nokutshaja":Kumthengi, oku kuthetha ukuba ibhetri efanayo inamandla angama-5-10% kwaye inokukwazi ukongeza i-200km yomgama kwimizuzu emi-5 kuphela xa itshaja ikhawuleza kakhulu. Esi siseko sobuchwephesha sesona sizathu sokuba ii-EV zaseTshayina ngoku ziphumelele ngakumbi kwiimvavanyo zokwenyani zomgama zaseNtshona.

23.2 Ikhonkco Lokubonelela Nge-SiC Elizenzekelayo: Ukusuka kwiWafer ukuya kwiModyuli

Ukwenziwa kwezinto ngobuchule eTshayina kusombulule ubunzima bokuvelisa iSiC ngomlinganiselo omkhulu.

• Ukukhula kunye nokusikwa kweWafer:Ukukhulisa iikristale zeSiC yinkqubo ecothayo neyinkimbinkimbi. Iinkampani zaseTshayina ezifana neSICC kunye neTankeBlue ziye zaphuhlisa ii-oven ezizenzekelayo ezisebenzisa i-AI ukujonga nokulungisa inkqubo yokukhula ngexesha langempela, nto leyo eyandisa kakhulu isivuno see-wafers ezikumgangatho ophezulu ze-8-intshi.
• Ukupakisha iModyuli ezenzekelayo:Ukupakishwa kweetships zeSiC kufuna ulawulo olugqithisileyo lobushushu. Imigca yokuvelisa yaseTshayina isebenzisa i-robotic die-attach, i-automated wire bonding, kunye ne-inline X-ray inspection ukubeka kunye nokudibanisa ii-SiC dies ngocoselelo lwe-micron. Ngenxa yokuba isithuba esinye kwi-solder joint phantsi kwe-die sinokwenza indawo eshushu ebulala i-module, i-automated optical inspection (AOI) kunye novavanyo olusebenzayo lobushushu ekupheleni komgca lubamba iziphene ezingabonwa ngamehlo abantu. Isiphumo yi-yield curve - kunye ne-cost curve - ezingenakufaniswa neenkampani zaseNtshona, zinika abenzi beemoto baseTshayina ithuba lokwakha kwicandelo elibaluleke kakhulu le-electric drivetrain.

23.3 Isabelo seSiC sifikelela ekutshajisweni

Uguquko olufanayo lweSiC olunika amandla ii-EV zaseTshayina lukwanika amandla iziseko zokutshaja ezixhomekeke kuzo. Abavelisi baseTshayina baneemodyuli zamandla ezisekelwe kwiSiC ezisekwe kwimizi-mveliso zeetshaja ezikhawulezayo zeDC, ezivumela ii-supercharger ezipholileyo ezingama-480kW ezifikelela ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwe-97-98% ngelixa zinciphisa ubungakanani kunye nobunzima bekhabhinethi. Amava "omgama we-200km kwimizuzu emi-5" athembiswe zii-EV ze-800V anokwenzeka kuphela kuba iitshaja ngokwazo zakhiwe kwisiseko esifanayo se-bandgap - ulungelelwaniso olukhethekileyo kwi-ecosystem yaseTshayina, apho uphuhliso lwezithuthi kunye netshaja lwenzeka ngaphakathi kwekhonkco lokubonelela elifanayo.

Le yeyona ngongoma inzulu yebali leSiC: I-China ayithathanga nje kuphela izinto ezintsha ze-semiconductor; izenzele ngokuzenzekelayo yonke ipayipi ukusuka ekukhuleni kwekristale ukuya kwimodyuli egqityiweyo, yaza yayisebenzisa kuzo zombini iimoto kunye negridi. Isiphumo esidibeneyo kukuba isizukulwana ngasinye see-EV zaseTshayina kunye neetshaja siba nexabiso eliphantsi, lincinci, kwaye lisebenza kakuhle ngaxeshanye - izinga lophuculo elichaza isiseko esitsha sokhuphiswano kushishino lwehlabathi.

23.4 Oko Kuthethwa Yiyo Oku Kushishino Lwehlabathi

Kwi-OEM ezingezizo zaseTshayina kunye nabaqhubi bokutshaja, umsantsa weSiC lolona hlulo lobuchwephesha lubalulekileyo kweli shumi leminyaka. Ukufikelela kwinqanaba elilandelayo akuthethi nje kuphela ukunika ilayisenisi okanye ukuthenga iimodyuli, kodwa kwakha kwakhona amandla okuvelisa ngokuzenzekelayo emva kwazo. Ezinye iindlela ezisebenzayo kukubambisana nabenzi beemodyuli baseTshayina okanye utyalo-mali olukhulu kwiimveliso zasekhaya ezibanzi ze-bandgap - zombini ezi zinto ziyenzeka, kodwa zombini ezibangela ukuba ikhosi yokufunda yaseTshayina ishiyeke iminyaka eliqela.

Isiphelo: Umda woMveliso oBukrelekrele

Uguquko olukrelekrele lwemveliso yaseTshayina alukho malunga neerobhothi ezithatha indawo yabasebenzi; lumalunga nokuvala umda phakathi koyilo, imveliso, kunye nophuculo oluqhubekayo ngesantya esingenakulinganiswa naso nasiphi na esinye isiseko sendalo semizi-mveliso. Kwi-SiC power electronics, loo mzila uvelise ii-drivetrains ezisebenzayo kunye nezixhobo zokutshaja ezingabizi kakhulu emhlabeni. Njengoko ishishini leemoto lehlabathi litshintsha libe lelombane, alikhuphisani nje neemveliso zaseTshayina - likhuphisana nenkqubo yokuvelisa eziphucula ngokwazo ngeyunithi nganye eveliswayo.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe

• Imveliso yeSiC ezenzekelayo — ukusuka ekukhuleni kwekristale ejongwe yi-AI ukuya ekupakishweni kwerobhothi — inika imveliso yaseTshayina ixabiso elingenakuthelekiswa nanto kunye nenzuzo yesivuno.
• Isiseko esifanayo seSiC sinamandla kwii-drivetrains ze-800V EV kunye neziseko zokutshaja ezikhawulezayo kakhulu, nto leyo edala inkqubo yendalo edibeneyo ngokukodwa.
• Ukhetho olucwangcisiweyo lweshishini lehlabathi luba yintsebenziswano okanye ukuqhubela phambili; indlela yokufunda yesiTshayina iyaqhubeka nokwanda.

Qhagamshelana ne-MIDA Power yimveliso yale nkqubo yokuvelisa ekrelekrele: iitshaja ezikhawulezayo ze-DC ezisekelwe kwi-SiC kunye nee-supercharger ezipholisiweyo ngolwelo ezakhiwe kwimigca yemveliso ezenzekelayo, evelisa imveliso ephezulu. Ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha zobugcisa, iingxoxo ze-supply-chain, okanye iikowuteshini, nxibelelana neqela lethu namhlanje.