Uzitshaja njani iilori zombane ezinzima: ukutshaja kunye nokutshintsha ibhetri?

Uzitshaja njani iilori zombane ezinzima: ukutshaja kunye nokutshintsha ibhetri?

Ukutshaja kuthelekiswa noTshintsho lwebhetri:

Kangangeminyaka, impikiswano malunga nokuba iilori zombane ezinomthwalo onzima kufuneka zithathe itekhnoloji yokutshaja okanye yokutshintsha ibhetri ibe yindawo apho icala ngalinye lineengxoxo zalo ezisebenzayo. Kolu simpoziyam, nangona kunjalo, iingcali ziye zafikelela kwimvumelwano: zombini ukutshaja kunye nokutshintshisa ibhetri kunezibonelelo ezahlukeneyo kunye nokungalunganga. Ukhetho phakathi kwabo luxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwiimeko eziphathekayo, iimfuno ezithile, kunye nokubalwa kweendleko. Ezi ndlela zimbini azikhethi cala kodwa ziyahambelana, nganye ifanele iimeko ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza. Olona ncedo luphambili lokutshintsha ibhetri kukuphinda kufakwe amandla ngokukhawuleza, kugqitywe ngemizuzu nje embalwa, okomeleza kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo, ikwabonisa ukusilela okubonakalayo: utyalo-mali olukhulu lokuqala, iinkqubo zolawulo ezinzima, kunye nokungahambelani kwemigangatho yewaranti yebhetri. Iipakethi zebhetri ezivela kubavelisi abohlukeneyo azinakutshintshwa kwisikhululo sokutshintsha esinye, kwaye ayinakusetyenziswa ipakethe enye kwizikhululo ezininzi.

Ke ngoko, ukuba inqanawa yakho isebenza kwiindlela ezimiselweyo, ibeka phambili ukusebenza kakuhle, kwaye inomlinganiselo othile, imodeli yokutshintsha ibhetri inika ukhetho oluvakalayo. Imodeli yokutshaja, ngokuchaseneyo, inikezela ngemigangatho yojongano oludibeneyo. Ngaphandle kokuba bahlangabezana nemigangatho yelizwe, izithuthi zalo naluphi na uphawu zingahlawuliswa, ziqinisekisa ukuhambelana okukhulu kunye neendleko eziphantsi zokwakha isikhululo. Nangona kunjalo, isantya sokutshaja sicotha kakhulu. Ulungelelwaniso lokutshaja oluqhelekileyo lwangoku olukabini okanye lwe-quad ngaxeshanye lusafuna malunga neyure enye kwintlawulo epheleleyo. Ngaphaya koko, izithuthi kufuneka zihlale zimile ngexesha lokutshaja, nto leyo echaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kwezithuthi. Idatha yentengiso ibonisa ukuba phakathi kweelori zombane ezithengisiweyo ezithengisiweyo namhlanje, ezisixhenxe kwezilishumi zisebenzisa iinkqubo zokutshaja, ngelixa ezintathu zisebenzisa ukutshintshisa ibhetri.

Oku kubonisa ukuba ukutshintsha ibhetri kujongana nemida emikhulu, ngelixa ukutshaja kunika ukusebenza okubanzi. Ukhetho oluthile kufuneka lugqitywe kwiimfuno zangempela zokusebenza kwesithuthi. Ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza ngokuchasene ne-Ultra-Fast Charging: iMigangatho kunye nokuHambana kweSithuthi Yinto ephambili Kweli nqanaba, umntu unokubuza: kuthekani malunga nokutshaja kwe-megawatt ultra-fast-fast? Ewe, uninzi lwezixhobo zokutshaja ze-megawatt ezikhawulezayo sele zifumaneka kwintengiso. Nangona kunjalo, umgangatho wesizwe wokutshaja i-megawatt ultra-fast uphantsi kophuhliso. Okwangoku, into ekhuthazwayo yimigangatho yoshishino esekelwe kumgangatho wesizwe. Ngaphezu koko, ukuba isithuthi sinokusingatha ukutshaja okukhawulezileyo akuxhomekanga kuphela ekubeni isikhululo sokutshaja sinokunika amandla aneleyo, kodwa ngokubaluleke ngakumbi ukuba ibhetri yesithuthi inokumelana nayo.

Okwangoku, iimodeli zelori ezinomthwalo onzima zidla ngokubonisa iibhetri ezisusela kuma-300 ukuya ngaphezulu kwe-400 kWh. Ukuba injongo kukwandisa uluhlu lwesithuthi ukuya kwiimarike ezinkulu, kuyafuneka ukuba kufakwe iibhetri ezininzi ngelixa kukwavumela ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza. Ngenxa yoko, abavelisi belori abanomthwalo omkhulu abakhoyo kwinkomfa babonise ukuba bahambisa ngokukhawuleza ukutshaja kunye neebhetri ezikhawulezayo zokutshaja ezifanelekileyo kwizithuthi zorhwebo. Indlela yoPhuhliso kunye nokuNgenelwa kweMarike yeeLori ezinoMbane oMbane oMbindi Kwizigaba zayo zokuqala, ukufakwa kombane kwiilori ezinomthwalo onzima ngokuyintloko kulandele imodeli yokutshintsha ibhetri. Emva koko, iilori zombane ezinobunzima obunzima zitshintshile ukusuka kwimiba evaliweyo ebandakanya ukudluliselwa kwangaphakathi komgama omfutshane ukuya kwimiba emifutshane. Ukuqhubela phambili, bakulungele ukungena kwiimeko ezivulekileyo ezibandakanya imisebenzi ephakathi ukuya kumgama omde.

Ubalo ludiza ukuba ngelixa iilori zombane ezisebenza nzima ziye zafikelela kumyinge we-14% kuphela ngo-2024, eli nani linyuke laya kutsho ngaphezulu kwe-22% kwisiqingatha sokuqala salo nyaka, nto leyo emele ukonyuka konyaka nonyaka okudlula i-180%. Nangona kunjalo, izicelo zabo eziphambili zihlala zigxininisekile kumacandelo aphakathi ukuya kumgama omfutshane, afana nokuthuthwa kwezixhobo zentsimbi kunye nemigodi, ukuhanjiswa kwenkunkuma yokwakha, kunye neenkonzo zococeko. Kwicandelo le-medium-to-long-haul logistics sector, iilori ezintsha zamandla amakhulu zithatha ngaphantsi kwe-1% yemarike, nangona eli candelo libandakanya i-50% yoshishino lwelori enzima.

Ngenxa yoko, izicelo zohambo oluphakathi ukuya kwixesha elide zimele umda olandelayo kwiilori zombane ezinobunzima ukuba boyise. Izithintelo ezingundoqo kuPhuhliso lwelori yoMbane oNxibelelanayo Zombini iilori zombane ezinomthwalo onzima kunye nezikhululo zazo zokutshaja/ukutshintsha ibhetri zabelana ngophawu olubalulekileyo: zizixhobo zemveliso ezibeka phambili ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko. Ukwandisa uluhlu, iilori zombane zifuna iibhetri ezininzi. Nangona kunjalo, ukonyuka kwamandla ebhetri akunyusi iindleko zesithuthi kuphela kodwa kucutha umthamo womthwalo ohlawulwayo ngenxa yobunzima obuninzi beebhetri, nto leyo echaphazela ingeniso yezithuthi. Oku kufuna uqwalaselo lwebhetri ngononophelo. Lo mceli-mngeni uqaqambisa iintsilelo ezikhoyo ngoku kwiziseko ezingundoqo zokutshaja iilori zombane, kubandakanywa amanani ezikhululo angonelanga, ukungonelanga kommandla wejografi, kunye nemigangatho engangqinelaniyo.

Inyathelo loShishino:

INtsebenziswano yokuPhuhlisa uShishino

Le semina ibize abameli abasuka kubenzi bezithuthi, abavelisi beebhetri, amashishini atshajayo/atshintshisayo, kunye nabasebenzi bolungiselelo lokujongana nemingeni yoshishino ngokudibeneyo. Iphehlelele iLinge leNtsebenziswano yokuTshaja i-Heavy-Duty-Duty-Duty Ultra-Fast kunye ne-Rapid Swapping, iseka iqonga elivulekileyo, elingakhethiyo labachaphazelekayo ukuze batshintshiselane ngezimvo kunye nokulungelelanisa iinzame. Kwangaxeshanye, i-manifesto yakhutshwa ukukhawulezisa uphuhliso lwemizi-mveliso yokutshaja okukhawulezileyo kunye nokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza kweziseko zoncedo kwiilori ezisebenza nzima zombane. Inkqubela kwezoshishino ayoyiki iingxaki, kodwa ukungabikho kwezisombululo.

Qwalasela ukuvela kwezithuthi zabakhweli kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo: ngaphambili, indlela yokucinga ekhoyo ibeke phambili ukunyusa umthamo webhetri kuluhlu olongeziweyo. Kodwa njengoko iziseko zokutshaja zikhula, umthamo webhetri ogqithisileyo usiba yimfuneko. Ndiyakholelwa ukuba iilori zombane zombane ziya kulandela umkhondo ofanayo. Njengoko izibonelelo zokutshaja zisanda, ulungelelwaniso olufanelekileyo lwebhetri ngokuqinisekileyo luya kuvela.