Indlela yokutshaja kwakhona iilori zombane ezinzima: ukutshaja kunye nokutshintsha ibhetri?

Indlela yokutshaja kwakhona iilori zombane ezinzima: ukutshaja kunye nokutshintsha ibhetri?

Ukutshaja xa kuthelekiswa nokuTshintshana ngeBhetri:

Kangangeminyaka, impikiswano malunga nokuba iilori ezinkulu zombane kufuneka zisebenzise iteknoloji yokutshaja okanye yokutshintshiselana ngeebhetri ibisoloko injalo apho icala ngalinye lineengxoxo zalo ezifanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kule ngqungquthela, iingcali zifikelele kwisivumelwano: zombini ukutshaja kunye nokutshintshiselana ngeebhetri zinezibonelelo kunye neengxaki ezahlukeneyo. Ukukhetha phakathi kwazo kuxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwiimeko ezisebenzayo, iimfuno ezithile, kunye nokubalwa kweendleko. Ezi ndlela zimbini azixhomekekanga komnye nomnye kodwa ziyahambelana, nganye ifanelekile kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza. Inzuzo ephambili yokutshintshiselana ngeebhetri ikukuzaliswa kwakhona kwamandla ngokukhawuleza, okugqitywe kwimizuzu nje embalwa, okunyusa kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo, ikwabonisa iingxaki eziphawulekayo: utyalo-mali olukhulu lokuqala, iinkqubo zolawulo ezinzima, kunye nokungahambelani kwimigangatho yewaranti yebhetri. Iipakethi zebhetri ezivela kubavelisi abahlukeneyo azinakutshintshwa kwisikhululo esinye sokutshintshiselana, kwaye akukho pakethi enye engasetyenziswa kwizikhululo ezininzi.

Ngoko ke, ukuba iinqwelo zakho zisebenza kwiindlela ezizinzileyo, zibeka phambili ukusebenza kakuhle, kwaye zinesikali esithile, imodeli yokutshintshana kwebhetri inika ukhetho oluhle. Imodeli yokutshaja, ngokuchaseneyo, inikezela ngemigangatho yojongano oludibeneyo. Ukuba ziyahlangabezana nemigangatho yesizwe, izithuthi zalo naluphi na uhlobo zinokutshaja, okuqinisekisa ukuhambelana okukhulu kunye neendleko eziphantsi zokwakha isikhululo. Nangona kunjalo, isantya sokutshaja sihamba kancinci kakhulu. Uqwalaselo lwangoku lokutshaja ngaxeshanye olunezikhewu ezimbini okanye ezine lusafuna malunga neyure enye ukuze kutshajwe ngokupheleleyo. Ngaphezu koko, izithuthi kufuneka zihlale zimile ngexesha lokutshaja, nto leyo echaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kweenqwelo. Idatha yemarike ibonisa ukuba phakathi kweelori ezinkulu zombane ezicocekileyo ezithengiswayo namhlanje, ezisixhenxe kwezilishumi zisebenzisa iinkqubo zokutshaja, ngelixa ezintathu zisebenzisa ukutshintshana kwebhetri.

Oku kubonisa ukuba ukutshintshana kwebhetri kujongene nemida emikhulu, ngelixa ukutshaja kunika ukusebenza okubanzi. Ukhetho oluthile kufuneka lumiselwe ziimfuno zokusebenza kwesithuthi. Ukutshaja Okukhawulezileyo vs. Ukutshaja Okukhawulezileyo: Imigangatho kunye nokuhambelana kwesithuthi zibalulekile Okwangoku, umntu unokubuza: kuthekani ngokutshaja okukhawulezileyo kwe-megawatt? Enyanisweni, izixhobo ezininzi zokutshaja ezikhawulezileyo ze-megawatt sele zifumaneka kwimarike. Nangona kunjalo, umgangatho wesizwe wokutshaja okukhawulezileyo kwe-megawatt usaphuhliswa. Okwangoku, okukhuthazwayo yimigangatho yeshishini esekwe kumgangatho wesizwe. Ngaphezu koko, ukuba isithuthi sinokuphatha ukutshaja okukhawulezileyo akuxhomekanga kuphela ekubeni isikhululo sokutshaja sinokubonelela ngamandla aneleyo, kodwa kubaluleke ngakumbi ekubeni ibhetri yesithuthi inokumelana nayo na.

Okwangoku, iimodeli zelori ezinkulu zihlala zineebhetri eziqala kwi-300 ukuya kwi-400 kWh. Ukuba injongo kukwandisa uluhlu lwesithuthi ukuze sifikelele kwiimarike ezinkulu, kuyafuneka ukufaka iibhetri ezingaphezulu ngelixa kuvumela ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza. Ngenxa yoko, abavelisi belori ezinkulu ababekho kwingqungquthela babonise ukuba bathumela ngokukhawuleza iibhetri ezitshaja ngokukhawuleza nezitshaja ngokukhawuleza ezifanelekileyo kwizithuthi zorhwebo. Indlela yoPhuhliso kunye nokungena kwiMarike yeeLori ezinkulu zoMbane Kwinqanaba lokuqala, ukufakwa kombane kwiilori ezinkulu kulandela kakhulu imodeli yokutshintshana kweebhetri. Emva koko, iilori ezinkulu zombane zatshintsha ukusuka kwiimeko ezivaliweyo ezibandakanya ukudluliselwa kwangaphakathi komgama omfutshane ukuya kwiimeko ezizinzileyo zomgama omfutshane. Ukuya phambili, zikulungele ukungena kwiimeko ezivulekileyo ezibandakanya imisebenzi yomgama ophakathi ukuya kode.

Izibalo zibonisa ukuba nangona iilori zombane ezithwala umthwalo omkhulu zifikelele kwinqanaba eliphakathi lokungena kwe-14% kuphela ngo-2024, eli nani linyuke laya kutsho ngaphezulu kwe-22% kwisiqingatha sokuqala salo nyaka, nto leyo ebonisa ukunyuka konyaka nonyaka okungaphezulu kwe-180%. Nangona kunjalo, izicelo zazo eziphambili zisagxile kumacandelo aphakathi ukuya kwamfutshane, afana nokuthuthwa kwezixhobo zeemilo zentsimbi kunye nemigodi, uthutho lwenkunkuma yokwakha, kunye neenkonzo zococeko. Kwicandelo lothutho lwemithwalo ephakathi ukuya kwemide, iilori ezintsha zamandla ezithwala umthwalo omkhulu zingaphantsi kwe-1% yemarike, nangona eli candelo liquka i-50% yoshishino lonke lweelori ezithwala umthwalo omkhulu.

Ngenxa yoko, usetyenziso oluphakathi ukuya kolude lumela umda olandelayo weelori zombane ezinzima ekufuneka zoyiswe. Imiqobo ephambili kuphuhliso lweelori zombane ezinzima Zombini iilori zombane ezinzima kunye nezikhululo zazo zokutshaja/zokutshintshana ngeebhetri zabelana ngeempawu ezisisiseko: zizixhobo zemveliso ezibeka phambili ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko. Ukuze kwandiswe uluhlu, iilori zombane zifuna iibhetri ezingaphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, umthamo webhetri owandisiweyo awunyusi nje kuphela iindleko zezithuthi kodwa unciphisa umthamo womthwalo ngenxa yobunzima obukhulu beebhetri, ngaloo ndlela zichaphazela inzuzo yeenqwelo. Oku kufuna uqwalaselo olucokisekileyo lweebhetri. Lo mceli mngeni ugxininisa ukusilela kwangoku kwiziseko zokutshaja kweelori zombane, kubandakanya amanani angonelanga ezitishini, ukugubungela okunganelanga ngokwendawo, kunye nemigangatho engangqinelaniyo.

Isicwangciso soShishino:

Uphuhliso Oludibeneyo Lophuhliso Lwemizi-mveliso

Le seminar ibize abameli abavela kubavelisi bezithuthi, abavelisi beebhetri, amashishini okutshaja/ukutshintshana, kunye nabaqhubi bezothutho ukuze bajongane nemingeni yoshishino. Yaqalisa iHeavy-Duty Truck Ultra-Fast Charging and Rapid Swapping Collaborative Initiative, yaseka iqonga elivulekileyo nelingakhethiyo labathathi-nxaxheba ukuze batshintshiselane ngemibono kwaye baququzelele imizamo. Kwangaxeshanye, kwakhutshwa i-manifesto yokukhawulezisa uphuhliso lwemizi-mveliso lweziseko zokutshaja ezikhawulezayo kunye nokutshintshana ngokukhawuleza kweelori ezinkulu ezisebenza ngombane ococekileyo. Inkqubela phambili kwemizi-mveliso ayoyiki iingxaki, kodwa ukungabikho kwezisombululo.

Cinga ngotshintsho lwezithuthi zabakhweli kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo: ngaphambili, indlela yokucinga eyayisetyenziswa yayibeka phambili ukukhulisa umthamo webhetri kumgama omde. Kodwa njengoko iziseko zokutshaja zikhula, umthamo webhetri ogqithisileyo awufuneki. Ndikholelwa ukuba iilori zombane ezithwala umthwalo omkhulu ziya kulandela indlela efanayo. Njengoko iindawo zokutshaja zisanda, ulungelelwaniso olufanelekileyo lwebhetri luya kuvela ngokuqinisekileyo.