Ungawashaja kanjani kabusha amaloli kagesi anesisindo esinzima: ukushaja nokushintshashintsha kwebhethri?

Ungawashaja kanjani kabusha amaloli kagesi anesisindo esinzima: ukushaja nokushintshashintsha kwebhethri?

Ukushaja kuqhathaniswa nokushintshaniswa kwebhethri:

Iminyaka eminingi, impikiswano yokuthi ingabe amaloli kagesi anesisindo esinzima kufanele asebenzise ubuchwepheshe bokushaja noma ukushintsha amabhethri kube yilapho uhlangothi ngalunye lunezimpikiswano zalo ezivumelekile. Nokho, kule ngqungquthela, ochwepheshe bafinyelele ukuvumelana: kokubili ukushaja nokushintshaniswa kwebhethri kunezinzuzo ezihlukene kanye nokubi. Ukukhetha phakathi kwazo kuncike ngokuphelele kuzimo ezingokoqobo, izidingo ezithile, nokubalwa kwezindleko. Lezi zindlela ezimbili azihlukani kodwa ziyahambisana, ngayinye ifanele izimo zokusebenza ezihlukene. Inzuzo eyinhloko yokushintshanisa ibhethri isekugcwalisweni kwakho kwamandla okusheshayo, okuqedwe phakathi nemizuzu nje embalwa, okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokusebenza. Kodwa-ke, iphinde iveze izithiyo eziphawulekayo: ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu kokuqala, izinqubo zokuphatha ezinzima, kanye nokungahambisani kwamazinga ewaranti yebhethri. Amaphakethe ebhethri avela kubakhiqizi abahlukene awakwazi ukushintshaniswa esiteshini esifanayo sokushintshwa, futhi iphakethe elilodwa alikwazi ukusetshenziswa eziteshini eziningi.

Ngakho-ke, uma izimoto zakho zisebenza emizileni engashintshiwe, ibeka kuqala ukusebenza kahle, futhi inesilinganiso esithile, imodeli yokushintsha ibhethri inikeza ukukhetha okuzwakalayo. Imodeli yokushaja, ngokuphambene, inikeza amazinga okusebenzelana ahlanganisiwe. Uma nje behlangabezana nezindinganiso zikazwelonke, izimoto zanoma yiluphi uhlobo zingakhokhiswa, kuqinisekiswe ukuhambisana okukhulu kanye nezindleko eziphansi zokwakha isiteshi. Nokho, isivinini sokushaja sihamba kancane kakhulu. Ukulungiselelwa kokushaja okujwayelekile kwamanje okukabili- noma okune-quad-port kanyekanye kusadinga cishe ihora elilodwa ukuze kushajwe ngokugcwele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimoto kufanele zihlale zimile ngesikhathi zishajwa, okunomthelela ekusebenzeni kahle kwemikhumbi. Idatha yemakethe ibonisa ukuthi phakathi kwamaloli asebenza kanzima kagesi ahlanzekile athengiswa namuhla, ayisikhombisa kwayishumi asebenzisa amasistimu wokushaja, kuyilapho amathathu asebenzisa ukushintshanisa amabhethri.

Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi ukushintsha ibhethri kubhekene nemikhawulo emikhulu, kuyilapho ukushaja kunikeza ukusebenza okubanzi. Ukukhetha okukhethekile kufanele kunqunywe yizidingo zangempela zokusebenza kwemoto. Ukushaja Okusheshayo vs. Ukushaja Okushesha Kakhulu: Amazinga Nokuvumelana Kwemoto Kungukhiye Kuleli qophelo, umuntu angase abuze: kuthiwani ngokushaja okushesha kakhulu kwe-megawatt? Ngempela, imishini eminingi yokushaja eyi-megawatt eshesha kakhulu isiyatholakala emakethe. Nokho, izinga likazwelonke lokushaja okushesha kakhulu kwe-megawatt lisathuthukiswa. Njengamanje, okuthuthukiswayo ngamazinga ebhizinisi asekelwe ezingeni likazwelonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthi imoto ingakwazi yini ukushaja ngokushesha kakhulu akuncikile kuphela ekutheni isiteshi sokushaja singanikeza amandla anele, kodwa ngokubucayi kakhulu ekutheni ibhethri lemoto lingakwazi yini ukumelana nalo.

Njengamanje, amamodeli wamaloli asindayo ajwayelekile afaka amaphakethe ebhethri asukela ku-300 ukuya ngaphezulu kuka-400 kWh. Uma inhloso kuwukunweba ibanga lemoto ukuze ifinyelele ezimakethe ezinkulu, kuba kudingekile ukuthi kufakwe amabhethri engeziwe kuyilapho kunikwa amandla ukushaja okusheshayo. Ngenxa yalokho, abakhiqizi bamaloli athwala kanzima abebekhona engqungqutheleni baveze ukuthi bakhipha ngokushesha amabhethri ashajayo nashesha kakhulu afanele izimoto ezithengiswayo. Umzila Wokuthuthukisa kanye Nokungena Emakethe Kwamaloli Asebenza Kagesi Asindayo Ezigabeni zakhona zakuqala, ukufakwa kukagesi kwamaloli athwala kanzima kwakulandela ngokuyinhloko imodeli yokushintshanisa amabhethri. Kamuva, amaloli kagesi anesisindo esinzima ashintshile esuka kuzimo ezivalekile ezibandakanya ukudluliselwa kwangaphakathi kwebanga elifushane ukuya kuzimo ezimisiwe zebanga elifushane. Ukuqhubekela phambili, bakulungele ukungena ezimeni ezivulekile ezibandakanya imisebenzi yebanga eliphakathi nendawo ukuya kwelide.

Izibalo ziveza ukuthi nakuba amaloli kagesi athwala kanzima afinyelele izinga lokungena eliphakathi kuka-14% ngo-2024, lesi sibalo senyuke safinyelela ngaphezu kwama-22% engxenyeni yokuqala yalo nyaka, okubonisa ukunyuka konyaka okudlula u-180%. Kodwa-ke, izicelo zabo eziyinhloko zisalokhu zigxile emikhakheni yebanga eliphakathi nendawo ukuya kwelifushane, njengokuthuthwa kwezinsiza ezigayweni zensimbi nezimayini, ukuhanjiswa kwemfucuza yokwakha, kanye nezinsizakalo zokukhucululwa kwendle. Emkhakheni wezokuthutha we-medium to-long-haul logistics, amaloli amasha anesisindo esinzima athatha ngaphansi kwe-1% yemakethe, ngaphandle kwalesi sigaba sakha ama-50% ayo yonke imboni yamaloli athwala kanzima.

Ngenxa yalokho, izinhlelo zokusebenza zohambo oluphakathi nendawo ukuya kokude zimelela umngcele olandelayo wamaloli asebenza ngogesi esindayo ukuze anqobe. Izithiyo Ezibalulekile Ekuthuthukisweni Kwamaloli Anamandla Kagesi Womabili amaloli asebenza kanzima kagesi kanye neziteshi zawo zokushaja/ezishintshanisa amabhethri abelana ngesici esibalulekile: angamathuluzi okukhiqiza abeka phambili ukusebenza kahle nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko. Ukuze kunwetshwe ibanga, amaloli kagesi adinga amabhethri engeziwe. Nokho, ukukhuphuka kwamandla ebhethri akugcini nje ngokukhuphula izindleko zemoto kodwa futhi kunciphisa umthamo wokulayisha ngenxa yesisindo esikhulu samabhethri, ngaleyo ndlela kube nomthelela enzuzweni yemikhumbi. Lokhu kudinga ukucushwa kwebhethri ngokucophelela. Le nselelo igqamisa ukushiyeka kwamanje kwingqalasizinda yokushaja amaloli kagesi, okuhlanganisa izinombolo zesiteshi ezinganele, ukutholakala kwezindawo okunganele, namazinga angahambisani.

I-Industrial Initiative:

Ukuthuthukiswa Okuhlangene Kokuthuthukiswa Kwezimboni

Le semina ibize abameleli abavela kubakhiqizi bezimoto, abakhiqizi bamabhethri, amabhizinisi ashajayo/abashintshanisayo, kanye nabaqhubi bezokuthutha ukuze babhekane nezinselele zomkhakha ngokuhlangene. Isungule Uhlelo Lokushaja Okusheshayo Kweloli Elisindayo kanye Nohlelo Lokuhlanganyela Lokushintshanisa Okusheshayo, lusungula inkundla evulekile, engakhethekile yababambe iqhaza ukuze bashintshisane ngemininingwane futhi baxhumanise imizamo. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-manifesto yakhishwa ukuze kusheshiswe ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni zokushaja okushesha kakhulu kanye nezingqalasizinda ezishintshashintshayo zamaloli asebenza kanzima kagesi. Ukuthuthuka kwezimboni akusabi izinkinga, kodwa ukungabikho kwezixazululo.

Cabangela ukuvela kwezimoto zabagibeli kule minyaka eyishumi edlule: ngaphambilini, umcabango owawukhona wawubeka phambili ukukhulisa umthamo webhethri ebangeni elinwetshiwe. Kepha njengoba ingqalasizinda yokushaja ikhula, umthamo webhethri oweqile uba unganasidingo. Ngikholwa ukuthi amaloli asebenza ngogesi azolandela umkhondo ofanayo. Njengoba izindawo zokushaja zanda, ukucushwa kwebhethri okuphelele kuzovela nakanjani.