Nigute ushobora kwishyuza amakamyo aremereye yamashanyarazi: kwishyuza & guhinduranya bateri?

Nigute ushobora kwishyuza amakamyo aremereye yamashanyarazi: kwishyuza & guhinduranya bateri?

Kwishyuza no Guhinduranya Bateri:

Haraheze imyaka, impaka zo kumenya niba amakamyo aremereye yamashanyarazi agomba gukoresha amashanyarazi cyangwa tekinoroji yo guhinduranya bateri yabaye imwe aho buri ruhande rufite ingingo zemewe. Muri iyi nama nyunguranabitekerezo ariko, abahanga bumvikanyeho: kwishyuza no guhinduranya batiri bifite ibyiza n'ibibi bitandukanye. Guhitamo hagati yabo bishingiye rwose kubintu bifatika, ibisabwa byihariye, no kubara ibiciro. Inzira zombi ntizisanzwe ahubwo zuzuzanya, buri kimwe kijyanye nibikorwa bitandukanye. Inyungu yibanze yo guhinduranya bateri iri muburyo bwihuse bwo kuzuza ingufu, byuzuye muminota mike, bizamura imikorere neza. Ariko, irerekana kandi imbogamizi zigaragara: ishoramari ryinshi ryambere, inzira zubuyobozi zigoye, hamwe nubudahuza mubipimo bya garanti. Amapaki ya bateri avuye mubikorwa bitandukanye ntashobora guhinduranya kuri sitasiyo imwe yo guhinduranya, ntanubwo ipaki imwe ishobora gukoreshwa kuri sitasiyo nyinshi.

Kubwibyo, niba amato yawe akorera munzira zigereranijwe, ashyira imbere imikorere ikora, kandi afite igipimo runaka, moderi yo guhinduranya bateri yerekana guhitamo neza. Uburyo bwo kwishyuza, muburyo butandukanye, butanga ibipimo ngenderwaho bihuriweho. Mugihe zujuje ubuziranenge bwigihugu, ibinyabiziga byikimenyetso icyo aricyo cyose birashobora kwishyurwa, bigahuza neza nigiciro cyo kubaka sitasiyo. Ariko, umuvuduko wo kwishyuza uratinda cyane. Ibiriho ubu byingenzi bibiri- cyangwa quad-port icyarimwe kwishyuza iboneza biracyasaba hafi isaha imwe kugirango yishyure byuzuye. Byongeye kandi, ibinyabiziga bigomba kuguma bihagaze mugihe cyo kwishyuza, bigira ingaruka kumikorere yimikorere. Amakuru yisoko yerekana ko mumamodoka atwara amashanyarazi aremereye cyane agurishwa uyumunsi, barindwi kuri icumi bakoresha sisitemu yo kwishyuza, mugihe batatu bakoresha guhinduranya bateri.

Ibi byerekana ko guhinduranya bateri bihura nimbogamizi nyinshi, mugihe kwishyuza bitanga uburyo bwagutse. Guhitamo byihariye bigomba kugenwa nibisabwa mubikorwa byimodoka. Kwishyuza Byihuse na Ultra-Byihuta Kwishyuza: Ibipimo no Guhuza Ibinyabiziga Nibyingenzi Muri iki gihe, umuntu yakwibaza ati: bite kuri megawatt ultra-yihuta? Mubyukuri, ibikoresho byinshi bya megawatt ultra-yihuta yo kwishyuza bimaze kuboneka ku isoko. Nyamara, igipimo cyigihugu kuri megawatt ultra-yihuta kwishyuza kiracyatezwa imbere. Kugeza ubu, ikizamurwa ni amahame yimishinga ashingiye ku rwego rwigihugu. Byongeye kandi, niba ikinyabiziga gishobora gutwara amashanyarazi yihuta cyane ntibiterwa gusa n’uko sitasiyo yumuriro ishobora gutanga ingufu zihagije, ariko cyane cyane niba bateri yikinyabiziga ishobora kwihanganira.

Kugeza ubu, ikamyo nyamukuru yikamyo iremereye mubisanzwe igaragaramo paki ya batiri iri hagati ya 300 na hejuru ya 400 kWh. Niba ikigamijwe ari ukongera intera yimodoka kugirango igere kumasoko manini, biba ngombwa gushiraho bateri nyinshi mugihe nayo ishobora kwishyurwa byihuse. Kubera iyo mpamvu, abakora amakamyo aremereye cyane bitabiriye iyo nama bagaragaje ko barimo kohereza vuba bateri zishyurwa vuba na ultra-yihuta cyane zikwiranye n’imodoka z’ubucuruzi. Inzira y'Iterambere no Kwinjira Kumasoko Yamakamyo Amashanyarazi aremereye Mugihe cyambere cyayo, amashanyarazi yamakamyo aremereye cyane yakurikije uburyo bwo guhinduranya bateri. Ibikurikira, amakamyo aremereye cyane yamashanyarazi yavuye mubintu bifunze birimo kwimura intera ngufi imbere yimiterere ngufi. Kujya imbere, biteguye kwinjira muburyo bufitanye isano hagati-na-intera ndende.

Imibare iragaragaza ko mu gihe amakamyo aremereye cyane y’amashanyarazi yageze ku kigereranyo cyo kwinjira mu kigero cya 14% gusa mu 2024, iyi mibare yazamutse igera kuri 22% mu gice cya mbere cy’uyu mwaka, bivuze ko kwiyongera ku mwaka ku mwaka kurenga 180%. Nyamara, ibyifuzo byabo byibanze bikomeje kwibanda mu nzego ziciriritse n’igihe gito, nko gutwara ibikoresho ku ruganda rukora ibyuma na mine, ibikoresho byo kubaka imyanda, na serivisi z’isuku. Mu rwego rwo hagati-rurerure-rurerure rw'ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa logistique, amakamyo mashya afite ingufu ziremereye zingana na 1% by'isoko, nubwo iki gice kigizwe na 50% by'inganda zose zikora amakamyo aremereye.

Kubera iyo mpamvu, hagati-ndende-ndende-yerekana imipaka igereranya imipaka ikurikira kugirango amakamyo aremereye yamashanyarazi atsinde. Inzitizi zingenzi ku guteza imbere amakamyo aremereye cyane Amashanyarazi Ikamyo iremereye cyane yamashanyarazi hamwe na sitasiyo zabo zo kwishyuza / guhinduranya batiri basangiye ibintu byingenzi biranga: ni ibikoresho byo gukora bishyira imbere gukora neza no gukoresha neza. Kugura intera, amakamyo yamashanyarazi akenera bateri nyinshi. Nyamara, kongera ingufu za bateri ntabwo bizamura ibiciro byimodoka gusa ahubwo binagabanya ubushobozi bwo kwikorera bitewe nuburemere bwa bateri, bityo bikagira ingaruka kumatungo. Ibi bisaba iboneza rya batiri neza. Iyi mbogamizi irerekana ibitagenda neza muri kamyo yamashanyarazi yishyuza ibikorwa remezo, harimo nimero za sitasiyo zidahagije, imiterere y’imiterere idahagije, hamwe n’ibipimo bidahuye.

Inganda:

Guteza imbere ubufatanye mu iterambere ryinganda

Aya mahugurwa yahamagariye abahagarariye abakora ibinyabiziga, abatunganya bateri, kwishyuza / kugurisha imishinga, hamwe n’abakora ibikoresho kugira ngo bakemure ibibazo by’inganda. Yatangije Ikamyo Ikomeye-Yishyurwa Ultra-Byihuta Kwishyuza no Kwihutisha Guhinduranya Byihuse, ishyiraho urubuga rufunguye, rudasanzwe ku bafatanyabikorwa kugira ngo bungurane ibitekerezo kandi bahuze imbaraga. Na none kandi, hatanzwe manifeste kugirango yihutishe iterambere ryinganda zumuriro wihuta cyane hamwe n’ibikorwa remezo byo guhinduranya byihuse ku makamyo afite amashanyarazi aremereye. Iterambere ryinganda ntabwo ritinya ibibazo, ariko kubura ibisubizo.

Reba ubwihindurize bwimodoka zitwara abagenzi mumyaka icumi ishize: mbere, imitekerereze yiganje yashyize imbere kongera ingufu za bateri mugihe kinini. Nyamara uko kwishyuza ibikorwa remezo bikuze, ubushobozi bwa bateri burenze bukaba budakenewe. Nizera ko amakamyo afite amashanyarazi aremereye azakurikira inzira isa. Mugihe ibikoresho byo kwishyuza bigenda byiyongera, byanze bikunze iboneza rya batiri bizagaragara.