Zvitupa zvinofanirwa kutevedzwa neChina pakuchaja mapombi kana atumirwa kuEurope

Zvitupa zvinofanirwa kutevedzwa neChina pakuchaja mapombi kana atumirwa kuEurope

Zvichienzaniswa neChina, kufambira mberi kwezvivakwa zvekuchaja muEurope nemuUnited States kuri kusaririra kumashure. Ruzivo rwezvibatiso runoratidza kuti pakupera kwegore ra2022, huwandu hwenzvimbo dzekuchaja dzeveruzhinji muChina hwakanga huri pa7.3, nepo huwandu hwakaenzana hweUnited States neEurope hwaive 23.1 ne12.7 zvichiteerana. Izvi zvinomiririra mukaha wakakura kubva pachiyero che1:1.

Zvifungidziro zvichibva pakukura kwekutengesa mota itsva dzine simba, mwero wekupinda, uye kudzikiswa kwegore negore kwehuwandu hwemotokari-ku-charger kusvika pa1:1 zvinoratidza kuti kubva muna 2023 kusvika 2030, mwero wekukura kwegore negore wekutengesa nzvimbo dzekuchaja dzeveruzhinji muChina, Europe, neUS uchasvika 34.2%, 13.0%, uye 44.2% zvichiteerana. Sezvo kudiwa kwenzvimbo dzekuchaja mumusika weEurope kuchiramba kuchikwira, mikana mikuru yekutengesa kunze kwenyika yezvivakwa zvekuchaja iripo.

Semutungamiri wepasi rose mukugadzira michina yekuchaja, vagadziri vezviteshi zvekuchaja vekuChina vakatanga kutumira kunze kwenyika kuEurope. Ruzivo rwekambani yezvibatiso runoratidza kuti nzvimbo dzekuchaja dzinopfuura 30,000—dzinosanganisira mamodheru eAC neDC—dzakatumirwa kuEurope kubva kuChina. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti zvigadzirwa zvekuchaja zvakagadzirwa neChina zviri kuwana mukurumbira mumusika weEurope uye zviri kuwedzera mugove wazvo wemusika zvishoma nezvishoma.

Kana uchironga kupinda mumusika wezvivakwa zvekuchaja muEurope, kutevedzera mitemo yeEuropean certification kwakakosha. Heano mitemo yecertification yaunofanira kunzwisisa, pamwe chete neruzivo rwayo pamwe nemari inoenderana nayo:

1. Chitupa cheEC:Inoshanda kumidziyo yese yemagetsi, ichi chitupa chekuchengetedza chinodiwa mukati meEuropean Union. Mutemo uyu unosanganisira kuchengetedzeka kwemagetsi, kushandira pamwe kwemagetsi, Low Voltage Directive, nezvimwe zvinhu. Mari yekupa zvitupa inosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwechigadzirwa uye kuoma kwacho. Kazhinji, mari yekupa zvitupa zveCE inosanganisira mari yekuedza, mari yekuongorora magwaro, uye mari yebasa resangano rekupa zvitupa. Mari yekuedza inowanzo tsanangurwa zvichibva pakuongorora chigadzirwa chaicho, nepo mari yekuongorora magwaro ichiongororwa zvichienderana nekuongorora magwaro echigadzirwa nemafaira ehunyanzvi. Mari yebasa resangano rekupa zvitupa inosiyana pakati pemasangano, inowanzo tangira pa £30,000 kusvika pa £50,000, nenguva yekugadzirisa inenge mwedzi miviri kusvika mitatu (isingasanganisiri nguva yekugadzirisa).

2. Chitupa cheRoHS:Inoshanda kune zvigadzirwa zvese zvemagetsi nezvemagetsi, ichi chitupa chekuchengetedza zvakatipoteredza chinosungirwa mukati meEU. Mutemo uyu unorambidza huwandu hwezvinhu zvine njodzi muzvigadzirwa, zvakaita se lead, mercury, cadmium, uye hexavalent chromium. Mari yekupa chitupa inosiyanawo zvichienderana nerudzi rwechigadzirwa uye kuoma kwacho. Mari yekupa chitupa cheRoHS inowanzo sanganisira kuongorora zvinhu, kuyedzwa kwerabhoritari, uye muripo wekuongorora magwaro. Mari yekuongorora zvinhu ndiyo inosarudza huwandu hwezvinhu zviri muchigadzirwa, nepo muripo wekuyedzwa kwerabhoritari uchiongorora huwandu hwezvinhu zvinorambidzwa. Mari yekuongorora magwaro inotarwa nekuongorora magwaro echigadzirwa nemafaira ehunyanzvi, anowanzo bva pa ¥50,000 kusvika ¥200,000, nenguva yekugadzirisa inosvika mavhiki maviri kusvika matatu (kunze kwenguva dzekugadzirisa).

3. Chitupa cheTUV:Yakabudiswa nesangano reGerman TUV Rheinland, inogamuchirwa zvakanyanya mumisika yeEurope. Mwero uyu wekupa chitupa unosanganisira kuchengetedzeka kwechigadzirwa, kuvimbika, mashandiro ezvakatipoteredza, nezvimwe zvinhu. Mari yekupa chitupa inosiyana zvichienderana nesangano rekupa chitupa uye mwero, nemari yekuvandudza yegore negore inowanzoita ¥20,000.

4. Chitupa cheEN:Zivai kuti EN haisi chitupa asi mutemo; EN inomiririra zviyero. Chete mushure mekupasa bvunzo yeEN ndipo panoiswa chiratidzo cheCE, zvichiita kuti zvikwanise kutumirwa kuEU. EN inogadza zviyero zvechigadzirwa, nezvigadzirwa zvakasiyana zvinoenderana nemazinga akasiyana eEN. Kupasa bvunzo yechiyero cheEN zvinorevawo kutevedzera zvinodiwa zveCE certification, saka dzimwe nguva zvinonzi EN certification. Inoshanda kune zvese zvishandiso zvemagetsi, inoumba chiyero cheEuropean electrical safety certification. Chiyero ichi checertification chinosanganisira kuchengetedzeka kwemagetsi, electromagnetic compatibility, Low Voltage Directive, nezvimwe zvinhu. Mari yecertification inosiyana zvichienderana nesangano recertification uye purojekiti chaiyo. Kazhinji, mari yecertification yeEN inosanganisira mari yekudzidziswa, mari yekuyedza, nemari yecertification, inowanzo tangira pa £2,000 kusvika pa £5,000.

Nekuda kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinopesvedzera, zvinokurudzirwa kubata sangano rine zvitupa zvakakodzera kana kubvunza sangano rezvitupa rehunyanzvi kuti uwane ruzivo rwakanyatsojeka maererano neCE certification, RoHS certification, TÜV, uye EN certification costs.