Ka'idojin takaddun shaida waɗanda tukwanen caji na China ke buƙatar bi lokacin da aka fitar da su zuwa Turai

Ka'idojin takaddun shaida waɗanda tukwanen caji na China ke buƙatar bi lokacin da aka fitar da su zuwa Turai

Idan aka kwatanta da China, ci gaban kayayyakin more rayuwa na caji a Turai da Amurka ya ragu. Bayanan tsaro sun nuna cewa zuwa ƙarshen 2022, rabon China na wuraren cajin jama'a ga motoci ya tsaya a 7.3, yayin da alkaluman da suka dace da Amurka da Turai sun kasance 23.1 da 12.7 bi da bi. Wannan yana wakiltar babban gibi daga rabon da aka yi niyya na 1:1.

Hasashen da aka yi dangane da karuwar tallace-tallace na sabbin motocin makamashi, yawan shigar da kaya, da kuma raguwar rabon mota zuwa caji na shekara-shekara zuwa 1:1 ya nuna cewa daga 2023 zuwa 2030, yawan karuwar shekara-shekara na tallace-tallacen wuraren caji na jama'a a China, Turai, da Amurka zai kai kashi 34.2%, 13.0%, da 44.2% bi da bi. Yayin da bukatar wuraren caji a kasuwar Turai ke karuwa akai-akai, akwai manyan damarmakin fitarwa don kayayyakin more rayuwa na caji.

A matsayinta na jagora a duniya a fannin kera kayan caji, masana'antun tashoshin caji na kasar Sin sun fara fitar da kaya zuwa Turai. Bayanan kamfanin tsaro sun nuna cewa an fitar da sama da tashoshin caji 30,000 - wadanda suka kunshi nau'ikan AC da DC - daga kasar Sin zuwa Turai. Wannan ya nuna cewa kayayyakin caji da kasar Sin ta kera suna samun karbuwa a kasuwar Turai kuma suna ci gaba da fadada kasuwarsu.

Idan kuna shirin shiga kasuwar kayayyakin more rayuwa na caji na Turai, bin ƙa'idodin takaddun shaida na Turai yana da matuƙar muhimmanci. Ga ƙa'idodin takaddun shaida da kuke buƙatar fahimta, tare da takamaiman bayanan su da farashin da ke tattare da su:

1. Takaddun shaida na CE:Dangane da duk kayan lantarki, wannan takardar shaidar aminci ce ta tilas a cikin Tarayyar Turai. Ma'aunin ya ƙunshi amincin lantarki, dacewa da lantarki, Umarnin Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki, da sauran fannoni. Kuɗin takardar shaida sun bambanta dangane da nau'in samfurin da sarkakiya. Yawanci, kuɗin takardar shaidar CE sun haɗa da kuɗin gwaji, kuɗin bitar takardu, da kuɗin sabis na hukumar ba da takardar shaida. Ana ƙayyade kuɗin gwaji gabaɗaya bisa ga ainihin gwajin samfura, yayin da ake kimanta kuɗin bitar takardu bisa ga binciken takaddun samfura da fayilolin fasaha. Kuɗin sabis na hukumar ba da takardar shaida ya bambanta tsakanin ƙungiyoyi, yawanci daga £30,000 zuwa £50,000, tare da lokacin sarrafawa na kimanin watanni 2-3 (ban da lokutan gyara).

2. Takaddun Shaidar RoHS:Dangane da duk kayayyakin lantarki da na lantarki, wannan takardar shaidar muhalli ce ta tilas a cikin EU. Wannan ma'auni yana iyakance abubuwan da ke cikin sinadarai masu haɗari a cikin kayayyaki, kamar gubar, mercury, cadmium, da hexavalent chromium. Kudaden takardar shaida suma sun bambanta dangane da nau'in samfurin da sarkakiya. Kudaden takardar shaidar RoHS gabaɗaya sun haɗa da nazarin kayan aiki, gwajin dakin gwaje-gwaje, da kuɗin bitar takardu. Kudaden nazarin kayan aiki suna ƙayyade abubuwan da ke cikin samfurin, yayin da kuɗin gwajin dakin gwaje-gwaje ke tantance matakan abubuwan da aka haramta. Ana ƙayyade kuɗin bitar takardu ta hanyar bincika takardun samfura da fayilolin fasaha, yawanci daga ¥50,000 zuwa ¥200,000, tare da lokacin sarrafawa na kimanin makonni 2-3 (ban da lokutan gyara).

3. Takaddun Shaidar TUV:Ƙungiyar TUV Rheinland ta Jamus ce ta bayar da shi, kuma an karɓe shi sosai a kasuwannin Turai. Wannan ƙa'idar takardar shaidar ta shafi amincin samfura, aminci, aikin muhalli, da sauran fannoni. Kuɗin takardar shaidar ya bambanta dangane da hukumar bayar da takardar shaida da kuma mizanin da aka saba, tare da kuɗin sabuntawa na shekara-shekara yawanci ya kai ¥20,000.

4. Takaddun Shaida na EN:Lura cewa EN ba takardar shaida ba ce amma ƙa'ida ce; EN yana wakiltar ƙa'idodi. Bayan wucewa gwajin EN ne kawai za a iya liƙa alamar CE, wanda ke ba da damar fitarwa zuwa EU. EN yana kafa ƙa'idodin samfura, tare da samfura daban-daban waɗanda suka dace da ƙa'idodin EN daban-daban. Cire gwajin takamaiman ƙa'idar EN kuma yana nuna bin ƙa'idodin takardar shaidar CE, don haka wani lokacin ana kiransa takardar shaidar EN. Dangane da duk kayan aikin lantarki, yana wakiltar ƙa'idar takardar shaidar amincin lantarki ta Turai. Wannan ƙa'idar takardar shaidar ta ƙunshi amincin lantarki, dacewa da lantarki, Jagorar Ƙananan Wutar Lantarki, da sauran fannoni. Kuɗin takardar shaida sun bambanta dangane da jikin takardar shaida da takamaiman aiki. Yawanci, kuɗaɗen takardar shaidar EN sun haɗa da kuɗin horo da ke da alaƙa, kuɗin gwaji, da kuɗin takardar shaida, gabaɗaya daga £2,000 zuwa £5,000.

Saboda dalilai daban-daban masu tasiri, yana da kyau a tuntuɓi hukumar ba da takardar shaida mai dacewa ko kuma a tuntuɓi hukumar ba da takardar shaida ta ƙwararru don samun cikakken bayani game da takardar shaidar CE, takardar shaidar RoHS, TÜV, da farashin takardar shaidar EN.