Ngā paerewa tiwhikete me tutuki e ngā pou utu Hainamana ina kaweake ki Ūropi

Ngā paerewa tiwhikete me tutuki e ngā pou utu Hainamana ina kaweake ki Ūropi

Ki te whakatauritea ki Haina, kei muri te whanaketanga o ngā hanganga utu hiko i Ūropi me te Hononga o Amerika. E whakaatu ana ngā raraunga haumarutanga i te mutunga o te tau 2022, ko te ōwehenga o ngā pūwāhi utu hiko tūmatanui ki ngā waka i Haina he 7.3, engari ko ngā tatauranga e rite ana mō te Hononga o Amerika me Ūropi he 23.1 me te 12.7. He rerekētanga nui tēnei mai i te ōwehenga whainga o te 1:1.

Ko ngā matapae e ahu mai ana i te tipu o ngā hoko waka hiko hou, ngā reiti urunga, me te whakahekenga ā-tau o te ōwehenga waka-ki-te-whakaeke ki te 1:1 e tohu ana mai i te tau 2023 ki te 2030, ka eke ngā reiti tipu ā-tau mō ngā hoko pūwāhi utu tūmatanui i Haina, i Ūropi, me te US ki te 34.2%, 13.0%, me te 44.2%. I te piki haere tonu o te tono mō ngā pūwāhi utu i te mākete Ūropi, he nui ngā whai wāhitanga kaweake mō ngā hanganga utu.

Hei te kaiārahi o te ao i roto i te hanga taputapu utu, kua tīmata ngā kaihanga teihana utu Hainamana ki te kaweake ki Ūropi. E whakaatu ana ngā raraunga a ngā kamupene hokohoko kua neke atu i te 30,000 ngā teihana utu—tae atu ki ngā tauira AC me DC—kua kaweake mai i Haina ki Ūropi. E whakaatu ana tēnei kei te rongonui haere ngā hua utu i hangaia e Haina i roto i te mākete Ūropi, ā, kei te piki haere tonu te wāhi mākete.

Mena kei te whakaaro koe ki te uru atu ki te mākete hanganga utu hiko o Ūropi, he mea nui te tutuki i ngā paerewa tiwhikete o Ūropi. Kei raro nei ngā paerewa tiwhikete me mārama koe, me ō rātou taipitopito me ngā utu e pā ana:

1. Tiwhikete CE:E pā ana tēnei ki ngā taputapu hiko katoa, ā, he tiwhikete haumaru ā-ture tēnei i roto i te Kotahitanga o Ūropi. Ka hipokina e te paerewa te haumaru hiko, te hototahi hikohiko, te Aratohu Ngaohiko Iti, me ētahi atu āhuatanga. Ka rerekē ngā utu tiwhikete i runga i te momo hua me te uauatanga. I te nuinga o te wā, ko ngā utu tiwhikete CE kei roto ko ngā utu whakamātautau, ngā utu arotake tuhinga, me ngā utu ratonga a te tinana tiwhikete. Ko ngā utu whakamātautau ka whakatauhia i runga i te whakamātautau hua tuturu, ko ngā utu arotake tuhinga ka aromatawaihia i runga i te tirotiro i ngā tuhinga hua me ngā kōnae hangarau. Ka rerekē ngā utu ratonga a te tinana tiwhikete i waenga i ngā whakahaere, mai i te £30,000 ki te £50,000, me te wā tukatuka tata ki te 2-3 marama (haunga ngā wā whakatikatika).

2. Tiwhikete RoHS:E pā ana tēnei ki ngā hua hiko me ngā hua hiko katoa, ā, he tiwhikete taiao ā-ture tēnei i roto i te EU. Ka whakawhāitihia e tēnei paerewa te ihirangi o ngā matū kino i roto i ngā hua, pērā i te mata, te mercury, te cadmium, me te hexavalent chromium. Ka rerekē anō hoki ngā utu tiwhikete i runga i te momo hua me te uauatanga. Ko ngā utu tiwhikete RoHS te tikanga kei roto ko te tātari rauemi, te whakamātautau taiwhanga, me ngā utu arotake tuhinga. Ko ngā utu tātari rauemi te whakatau i te ihirangi o ngā rauemi i roto i te hua, ko ngā utu whakamātautau taiwhanga te aromatawai i ngā taumata o ngā matū kua rāhuitia. Ka whakatauhia ngā utu arotake tuhinga mā te tirotiro i ngā tuhinga hua me ngā kōnae hangarau, mai i te ¥50,000 ki te ¥200,000, me te wā tukatuka tata ki te 2-3 wiki (haunga ngā wā whakatikatika).

3. Tiwhikete TUV:I whakaputaina e te whakahaere Tiamana TUV Rheinland, ā, e whakaaetia whānuitia ana i ngā mākete o Ūropi. E kapi ana tēnei paerewa tiwhikete i te haumaru o te hua, te pono, te mahi taiao, me ētahi atu āhuatanga. He rerekē ngā utu tiwhikete i runga i te whakahaere tiwhikete me te paerewa, ā, ko ngā utu whakahou ā-tau he ¥20,000 te nuinga.

4. Tiwhikete EN:Kia mōhio koe, ehara te EN i te tiwhikete engari he ture; ko te EN te tohu paerewa. I muri i te whiwhinga i te whakamātautau EN ka taea te whakapiri i te tohu CE, ka taea ai te kaweake ki te EU. Ka whakatūhia e te EN ngā paerewa hua, me ngā hua rerekē e rite ana ki ngā paerewa EN rerekē. Ko te whiwhinga i te whakamātautau mō tētahi paerewa EN motuhake he tohu hoki mō te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga tiwhikete CE, nō reira ka kiia i ētahi wā ko te tiwhikete EN. E pā ana ki ngā taputapu hiko katoa, koinei te paerewa tiwhikete haumaru hiko a Ūropi. Ka hipokina e tēnei paerewa tiwhikete te haumaru hiko, te hototahi hikohiko, te Ture Ngaohiko Iti, me ētahi atu āhuatanga. Ka rerekē ngā utu tiwhikete i runga i te tinana tiwhikete me te kaupapa motuhake. I te nuinga o te wā, ko ngā whakapaunga tiwhikete EN e uru ana ki ngā utu whakangungu e pā ana, ngā utu whakamātautau, me ngā utu tiwhikete, mai i te £2,000 ki te £5,000.

Nā te maha o ngā āhuatanga e awe ana, he mea tika kia whakapā atu ki te whakahaere tiwhikete e tika ana, kia kōrero rānei ki tētahi umanga tiwhikete ngaio mō ngā mōhiohio tika e pā ana ki te tiwhikete CE, te tiwhikete RoHS, te TÜV, me ngā utu tiwhikete EN.