I-AC PLC – Kutheni iYurophu neMelika zifuna iipali zokutshaja ze-AC ezihambelana nomgangatho we-ISO 15118?

Kwizikhululo zokutshaja ze-AC ezisemgangathweni eYurophu nase-United States, imeko yokutshaja ye-EVSE (isikhululo sokutshaja) idla ngokulawulwa ngumlawuli wetshaja okwibhodi (i-OBC). Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji ye-AC PLC (unxibelelwano lomgca wamandla) kuseka indlela yonxibelelwano esebenza kakuhle kakhulu phakathi kwesikhululo sokutshaja kunye nesithuthi sombane. Ngexesha leseshoni yokutshaja ye-AC, i-PLC ilawula inkqubo yokutshaja, kubandakanya iprotocol yokuxhawulana ngesandla, ukuqaliswa kokutshaja, ukujonga imeko yokutshaja, ukuhlawulisa, kunye nokupheliswa kokutshaja. Ezi nkqubo zisebenzisana phakathi kwesithuthi sombane kunye nesikhululo sokutshaja ngonxibelelwano lwe-PLC, ukuqinisekisa ukutshaja ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokwenza kube lula ukuxoxisana ngentlawulo.

Imigangatho kunye neeprotocol ze-PLC ezichazwe kwi-ISO 15118-3 kunye ne-DIN 70121 zichaza imida ye-PSD yokufakwa kwesignali ye-HomePlug Green PHY PLC kumgca wolawulo lomqhubi osetyenziselwa ukutshaja izithuthi. I-HomePlug Green PHY ngumgangatho wesignali ye-PLC osetyenziswa ekutshajeni izithuthi ochazwe kwi-ISO 15118. I-DIN 70121: Lo ngumgangatho wokuqala waseJamani osetyenziswa ukulawula imigangatho yonxibelelwano lwe-DC phakathi kwezithuthi zombane kunye nezikhululo zokutshaja. Nangona kunjalo, ayinalo ukhuseleko lwemaleko yothutho (uKhuseleko lweMaleko yoThutho) ngexesha lenkqubo yonxibelelwano lokutshaja. I-ISO 15118: Yaphuhliswa ngokusekelwe kwi-DIN 70121, isetyenziselwa ukulawula iimfuno zokutshaja ngokukhuselekileyo ze-AC/DC phakathi kwezithuthi zombane kunye nezikhululo zokutshaja, ngenjongo yokuba ngumgangatho wamazwe ngamazwe kwiiprotocol zonxibelelwano lwehlabathi. Umgangatho we-SAE: Isetyenziswa kakhulu eMntla Melika, ikwaphuhliswa ngokusekelwe kwi-DIN 70121 kwaye isetyenziselwa ukulawula umgangatho wonxibelelwano wonxibelelwano phakathi kwezithuthi zombane kunye nezikhululo zokutshaja.

Iimpawu eziphambili ze-AC PLC:

Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi:I-PLC yenzelwe ngokukodwa usetyenziso olusebenzisa amandla aphantsi, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe lolona khetho lufanelekileyo kwiinkqubo zokutshaja ezikrelekrele kunye neenkqubo zegridi ezikrelekrele. Le teknoloji isebenza kuyo yonke iseshoni yokutshaja ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amandla amaninzi.

Ukuhanjiswa kwedatha ngesantya esiphezulu:Ngokusekelwe kumgangatho we-HomePlug Green PHY, ixhasa amazinga okudluliselwa kwedatha ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1 Gbps. Olu buchule lubalulekile kwizicelo ezifuna ukutshintshiselana kwedatha ngokukhawuleza, njengokufunda idatha ye-vehicle-side State of Charge (SOC).

Ukuvumelanisa Ixesha:I-AC PLC ivumela ukuvumelanisa ixesha ngokuchanekileyo, okubalulekileyo kwiinkqubo zokutshaja ezikrelekrele kunye neenkqubo zegridi ezikrelekrele ezifuna ulawulo lwexesha oluchanekileyo.

Ukuhambelana ne-ISO 15118-2/20:I-AC PLC isebenza njengeprotokholi yonxibelelwano ephambili yokutshaja kwe-AC kwizithuthi zombane. Oku kwenza kube lula unxibelelwano phakathi kwee-EV kunye nezikhululo zokutshaja (ii-EVSE), kuxhasa imisebenzi yokutshaja ephucukileyo efana nokuphendula kwemfuno, ulawulo olukude, kunye nobuchule bokutshaja obukrelekrele bexesha elizayo njenge-PNC (Power Normalisation Control) kunye nobuchule be-V2G (Vehicle-to-Grid) kwiigridi ezikrelekrele.

Iingenelo zokusetyenziswa kwe-AC PLC kwiinethiwekhi zokutshaja zaseYurophu naseMelika:

1. Ukongamela nokusetyenziswa kwamandla okuphuculweyoIindawo zokutshaja ze-AC PLC zonyusa umlinganiselo weendawo zokutshaja ezikrelekrele phakathi kweetshaja ze-AC eziqhelekileyo ezikhoyo (ngaphezulu kwe-85%) ngaphandle kokufuna ukwandiswa komthamo. Oku kuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokusasazwa kwamandla kwizikhululo zokutshaja ekujoliswe kuzo kwaye kunciphisa ukuchithwa kwamandla. Ngolawulo olukrelekrele, iitshaja ze-AC PLC zinokulungisa ngokuzenzekelayo amandla okutshaja ngokusekelwe kumthwalo wegridi kunye nokuguquguquka kwamaxabiso ombane, nto leyo efezekisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okusebenzayo ngakumbi.

2. Ukuqinisa unxibelelwano lwegridi:Itekhnoloji ye-PLC yenza kube lula ukuhlanganiswa kweendawo zokutshaja ze-AC zaseYurophu naseMelika kunye neenkqubo zegridi ezikrelekrele, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukunxibelelana kwamandla awela imida. Oku kukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwamandla acocekileyo kwiindawo ezibanzi zejografi, kuphucula uzinzo lwegridi kunye nokuthembeka. Ingakumbi eYurophu, ukunxibelelana okunjalo kuphucula ulwabiwo lwemithombo yamandla acocekileyo, njengamandla omoya asemantla kunye namandla elanga asemazantsi.

3. Ukuxhasa uphuhliso lwegridi ekrelekreleIindawo zokutshaja ze-AC PLC zisebenza njengezinto ezibalulekileyo ngaphakathi kwiinkqubo ze-smart grid. Ngokusebenzisa itekhnoloji ye-PLC, izitishi zokutshaja zinokuqokelela kwaye zihlalutye idatha yokutshaja ngexesha langempela, zenze ukuba ulawulo lwamandla lusebenze kakuhle, amaqhinga okutshaja aphuculweyo, kunye neenkonzo zabasebenzisi eziphuculweyo. Ukongeza, i-PLC inceda ukujonga nokulawula kude, iphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwezitishi zokutshaja.

---

Ixesha leposi: Sep-13-2025