Chitupa cheAmerican Standard Charging Pile (II) – Zvinodiwa paKusvika paMusika (OSHA/NRTL/ANSI)

Musiyano uri pachena pakati pechitupa muUnited States nechitupa mune dzimwe nzvimbo ndewekushaikwa kwechitupa chakabatana uye chakanangana nekutevedzera mitemo.

MuChina, zvigadzirwa zvinotevedzera mitemo zvinofanirwa kunge zvakanyorwa nechiratidzo che3C (China Compulsory Certification). Mabhangi emagetsi asina chiratidzo ichi haatenderwe kutakurwa mundege; Zvigadzirwa zvinotumirwa kuEurope zvinofanirwa kunge zvakanyorwa nechiratidzo cheCE, icho chine zvinodiwa zvakasimba zvefonti, saizi, uye nzvimbo, zvikasadaro hazvigone kupasa kuongororwa kwemitero; Japan inewo chiratidzo chePSE (Product Safety of Electrical Appliances&Materials) chinoenderana nacho, ukuwo South Korea ine chiratidzo cheKC.

Kazhinji, kunyora mazita ekutevedzera mitemo kunotsanangurwa nehurumende kuburikidza nekuita sarudzo dzakabatana uye kushandisa simba rekutonga kusimudzira izvi.

Zviri pachena kuti United States haina mitemo yakadaro.

Chii chinonzi NRTL National Laboratory muUnited States?

Chekutanga, NRTL (Nationally Recognised Testing Laboratory) irabhoritari inozivikanwa munyika yose muUnited States. Kunyangwe iine chinzvimbo cheNational, haisi sangano renyika asi sangano remakambani akazvimirira. Chero sangano uye sangano rekuyedza rinogona kunyorera kuva nhengo yeNRTL. Zvinodiwa zve29 CFR 1910.7 chete ndizvo zvinofanirwa kuzadzikiswa, nezvinodiwa zvinosanganisira:

• ✔ Kukwanisa kuyedza nekuongorora kana michina ichizadzisa zvinodiwa pakuyedza;
• ✔ Shandisa simba rakakwana pakuzivikanwa kwezvigadzirwa zvine certification uye ongorora kugadzirwa chaiko;
• ✔ Hazvina chekuita nemushandisi zvachose (kureva kuti mushandirwi anodziviswa nezvinodiwa nemichina yekuyedza) uye chero mugadziri kana mutengesi wezvigadzirwa zvine certification;
• ✔ Gadzirai mhedzisiro yekuferefeta inoshanda uye nzira dzekugadzirisa zvichemo nemakakatanwa;

Parizvino, zvichienderana nerondedzero yemarabhoritari yakaburitswa pawebhusaiti yepamutemo yeOSHA, marabhoritari makumi maviri nemaviri akawana zvitupa zveNRTL. Chaizvoizvo, masangano anozivikanwa ekuyedza nekupa zvitupa ari pane runyorwa rweNRTL, senge UL neCSA, ayo ari masangano makuru ekuyedza muNorth America.

Cherechedza:Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti marabhoritari akawana zvitupa zveNRTL angasakwanise kupa chitupa chechigadzirwa chimwe chete. Tinofanirawo kutarisa kana rabhoritari ichikwanisa kugadzira zviyero zvechigadzirwa ichi.

(2) OSHA neNRTL

Mitemo yakanyorwa neNRTL laboratory, inosanganisira nzvimbo dzekuchaja, ndeiyi UL 2202 neUL 2594. Ndakatarisa munhu wese ndikaona kuti marabhoritari makuru ari pamusika anokwanisa kugadzira mitemo iyi miviri.

Kuti nzvimbo dzekuchaja dzitumirwe kunze kwenyika, zvinongodiwa chete kutsvaga rabhoritari ine NRTL qualification, OSHA kuti iongorore kugona kwayo, ipasa bvunzo dzayo uye mvumo, uye iise logo yayo pairi kuti itengeswe munharaunda muUnited States.

Chitupa chinoitwa nemasangano eUL chinoshandisa logo yeUL, chitupa chinoitwa nemasangano eT Ü VS Ü D chinoshandisa logo ye octagonal yakasiyana, uye chitupa chinoitwa neT Ü V Rheinland chinoshandisa logo yeRheinland yeNorth America. Kubva pamaonero emutemo, hapana musiyano wakakosha pakunyorwa kwadzo, sezvo dzese dzichizivikanwa neOSHA.

Saka, vagadziri vemapombi ekuchaja vakasununguka kusarudza sangano rekupa zvitupa rinovakodzera, uye hapana chikonzero chekusarudza UL. Vanhu vazhinji vanotenda zvisirizvo kuti UL ndiyo chitupa chekubvumidzwa cheUnited States, asi kutaura chokwadi, UL ingori sangano repachivande rekuyedza uye kupa zvitupa uye haina kodzero dzepamutemo dzekutonga.

（3） NFPA 70

Zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi muUnited States hazvingodi chete kuzadzisa chitupa chemarabhoritari ane mvumo yeNRTL, asiwo zvinofanirwa kutevedzera zvinodiwa - NFPA 70.

NFPA 70 (National Fire Protection Association), inozivikanwawo seNEC (National Electrical Code), zita rechiChinese ndiro ratinozivikanwa naro - American Electrical Code. MuUnited States, mainjiniya emagetsi anenge ese ane laptop.

Hazvishamisi here kuti kodhi yemagetsi muUnited States ine zita rakafanana neNational Fire Protection Commission?

NFPA (National Fire Protection Association), Kunyange ichinzi National Fire Protection Association, isangano risiri rehurumende. Kufanana neNBA neNFL, iyo NFL, isangano rezvekutengeserana. Sangano reNFPA rakavambwa muna 1896 nechinangwa chekubatanidza mapaipi emvura emidziyo yekudzivirira moto yemuno - masisitimu e automatic sprinkler.

(4) Pfupiso

Ngatipfupisei zvatakurukura. Kana zvigadzirwa zvepachaji zvikatumirwa kuUnited States:

• ● Chigadzirwa chacho pachacho, DC piles dzinofanira kutevedzera zvinodiwa neUL 2202, uye AC piles dzinofanira kutevedzera zvinodiwa neUL 2594;
• ● Kuisa nekubatanidza waya kunofanirwa kutevedzera zvinodiwa neNFPA 70 625 muUnited States;
• ● Kuongororwa nekupihwa chitupa kunofanirwa kutevedzera ma laboratori ane mvumo yeNRTL, akadai seUL/CSA/T Ü VS Ü D, nezvimwewo;

Dhayagiramu yakadzama ndeiyi inotevera:

Chekupedzisira, zvinofanira kusimbiswa kuti chitupa cheUL hachisiricho chega nzira yekupinda mumusika weUS. Kuedzwa nekupihwa chitupa kubva kune mamwe masangano zvinoenderanawo nemitemo yeUS.

Ehe, UL isangano rekare rekupa chitupa chemhando muUnited States, rinogamuchirwa zvakanyanya munyika. Kuwana chitupa cheUL kuchawedzera mukurumbira wemusika. Mutengo wacho wakafanana newambotaurwa, mutengo uye kutenderera kwacho hazvina kunaka.

Saka, sarudzo chaiyo yesangano rekupa zvitupa kumabhizinesi emuno anogadzira zvinhu zvakawanda inofanira kuenzaniswa uye kuenzana pakati pebhajeti ravo, nzvimbo yezvigadzirwa, uye zvinodiwa nevatengi vekuAmerica.