Maitiro Ekugona Kuchaja MaEV

Kukura kwemusika wemotokari dzemagetsi kunogona kuita sekunge kusingadzivisike: kutarisa pakuderedza kuburitswa kweCO2, mamiriro ezvematongerwo enyika aripo, kudyara mari kwehurumende neindasitiri yemotokari, uye kuenderera mberi kwekutsvaga nzanga yemagetsi chete zvese zvinoratidza kuti mota dzemagetsi dziri kubatsira. Kusvika pari zvino, kushandiswa kwemotokari dzemagetsi kwakawanda nevatengi kwave kuchikanganiswa nekuchaja kwenguva refu uye kushomeka kwezvivakwa zvekuchaja. Kufambira mberi muhunyanzvi hwekuchaja mota dzemagetsi kuri kugadzirisa matambudziko aya, zvichiita kuti kuchaja kwakachengeteka uye nekukurumidza kumba nemumugwagwa. Zvikamu zvekuchaja nezvivakwa zviri kuwedzera kusangana nezvinodiwa nemusika wemagetsi uri kukura nekukurumidza, zvichigadzira nzira yekukura kukuru mukufambisa kwemagetsi.

Masimba Anokurudzira Musika weMagetsi

Kudyara mari mumotokari dzemagetsi kwave kuchikura kwemakore akati wandei, asi kuwedzera kwekutarisa uye kudiwa kwakasimbiswa nezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvenzanga. Kukura kwekutarisa mhinduro dzemamiriro ekunze kwakaratidza kukosha kwemotokari dzemagetsi - kugona kuderedza kuburitswa kwecarbon kubva muinjini dzinopisa mukati uye kuisa mari mukufambisa simba rakachena kwave chinangwa chakapararira kune hurumende nemaindasitiri zvakafanana. Kutarisa uku pakukura kwakasimba uye kuchengetedzwa kwezviwanikwa zvechisikigo kunoitawo kuti tekinoroji ienderere mberi kune nzanga inoshandisa magetsi chete - nyika ine simba risingaperi rakavakirwa pazviwanikwa zvinogona kudzorerwazve pasina kuburitswa kwemhepo kunokuvadza.
Izvi zvinokonzeresa zvakatipoteredza uye tekinoroji zvinoratidzwa muzvinhu zvinokosheswa nemitemo yenyika nekudyara mari, kunyanya tichitarisa Mutemo we2021 Infrastructure Investment and Jobs, uyo wakapa $7.5 bhiriyoni yezvivakwa zveEV padanho rehurumende, $2.5 bhiriyoni yekubatsira zvivakwa zveEV kuchaja nekuzadza mafuta, uye $5 bhiriyoni yeNational Electric Vehicle Charging Program. Hurumende yeBiden iri kuzadzisawo chinangwa chekuvaka nekuisa nzvimbo dzekuchaja dzeDC dzinosvika 500,000 munyika yese.

Maitiro aya anogona kuonekwawo padanho renyika. Nyika dzinosanganisira California, Massachusetts, neNew Jersey dziri kutevera mutemo wekugamuchira mota dzinoshandisa magetsi chete. Zvikwereti zvemitero, sangano reElectrify America, zvinokurudzira, uye mirau zvinopesvedzerawo vatengi nevagadziri kuti vagamuchire kufamba kweEV.

Vagadziri vemotokari vari kubatanidzwawo mukuchinjana kwemotokari dzemagetsi. Vagadziri vemotokari dzekare vanosanganisira GM, Ford, Volkswagen, BMW, neAudi vari kugara vachiunza mhando itsva dzemotokari dzemagetsi. Pakupera kwa2022, panotarisirwa kuve nemhando dzemotokari dzemagetsi dzinopfuura makumi masere uye mahybrids eplug-in anowanikwa mumusika. Kune huwandu huri kukura hwevagadziri vemotokari dzemagetsi vatsva vari kupindawo mumusika, kusanganisira Tesla, Lucid, Nikola, naRivian.

Makambani emagetsi ari kugadzirirawo sangano rinoshandisa magetsi chete. Zvakakosha kuti magetsi arambe ari pamberi panyaya yekuisa magetsi kuitira kuti vanhu vakwanise kuwedzera kudiwa, uye zvivakwa zvakakosha zvinosanganisira ma microgrid zvichadiwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana kuitira kuti pave nenzvimbo dzekuchaja magetsi. Kutaurirana kubva kumotokari kuenda kuGrid kuri kuwedzerawo kufamba munzira huru.

Zvipingamupinyi zvekukura

Kunyange hazvo kufambira mberi kuri kuwedzera pakushandiswa kwemagetsi emagetsi, matambudziko anotarisirwa kukanganisa kukura. Kunyange hazvo zvinokurudzira vatengi kana makambani kuti vachinje kushandisa mota dzemagetsi, zvinogona kuuya nedambudziko - panogona kunge paine kufamba kwekuti makambani emagetsi akwanise kutaurirana nezvivakwa kuti aone mafambiro emota, zvichida hunyanzvi hwetekinoroji uye zvivakwa zvekutaurirana panze.

Chimwe chezvipingamupinyi zvikuru pakushandiswa kwemagetsi emagetsi padanho revatengi izvivakwa zvekuchaja zvinovimbika uye zvinobudirira. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti machiteshi ekuchaja anosvika mamiriyoni 9.6 achadiwa panosvika gore ra2030 kuti agadzirise kukura kwakafanotaurwa kwemusika wemagetsi emagetsi. Anenge 80% emachiteshi iwayo achave ekuchaja edzimba, uye anenge 20% achave ekuchaja everuzhinji kana ebasa. Parizvino, vatengi vanozeza kutenga mota yemagetsi emagetsi nekuda kwekutya kwekumhanya - kunetseka kuti mota dzavo hadzizokwanisi kufamba rwendo rurefu pasina kubhadhariswa, uye kuti nzvimbo dzekuchaja hadzizovepo kana kushanda zvakanaka kana zvichidikanwa.

Zvikurukuru machaja everuzhinji kana anoshandiswa nevanhu vose anofanirwa kukwanisa kupa mukana wekuchaja nekukurumidza nguva dzese. Mutyairi anomira panzvimbo yekuchaja iri mumugwagwa mukuru angangoda kuchaja nekukurumidza - masisitimu ekuchaja ane simba guru anokwanisa kupa mota bhatiri rakachaja zvakakwana mushure memaminitsi mashoma ekuchaja.

Machaja anomhanyisa mota anoda zvinhu zvakati wandei kuti ashande zvakanaka. Kugona kutonhora kwemvura kunodiwa kuti mapini ekuchaja agare ari patembiricha yakanaka uye kuwedzera nguva iyo mota inogona kuchajwa nemagetsi akakwira. Munzvimbo dzine mota dzakawanda dzekuchaja, kuchengetedza mapini ekuchaja akadzikama kuchaita kuti pave nekuchaja kwakasimba uye kwakavimbika kuti kuenderane nezvinodiwa nevatengi.

KUFUNGA NEZVEKUGADZIRA ZVINOSHANDISA CHAGE INE SIMBA RAKAKURU

Macharger eEV ari kuwedzera kuvakwa nekutarisa pakugadzirisa kusimba uye kugona kuchaja zvine simba guru kuti zvienderane nezvinodiwa nevatyairi veEV uye kukunda kunetseka kwenzvimbo. Chaja yeEV ine simba guru ine 500 amps inogoneka nesystem yekutonhodza uye yekutarisa mvura - chinotakura chinobata chiri muchinobatanidza chekuchaja chine thermal conductivity uye chinoshandawo se heat sink sezvo chinotonhodza chichibvisa kupisa kuburikidza nema ducts ekutonhodza akabatanidzwa. Macharger aya ane masensa akasiyana-siyana, anosanganisira masensa ekudonhodza anotonhodza uye kutarisa tembiricha chaiyo pane yega yega simba rekubata kuona kuti mapini haapfuure 90 degrees Celsius. Kana chiyero ichocho chikasvika, chinodzora kuchaja chiri muchiteshi chekuchaja chinoderedza simba rinobuda kuti rirambe richidziya zvakanaka.

Macharger emagetsi anofanirwawo kukwanisa kutsungirira kusakara uye kugadziriswa zviri nyore. Mapambo ekuchaja emagetsi akagadzirirwa kusakara, kubata zvisina kunaka nekufamba kwenguva kunokanganisa chiso chinobatana hakudzivisiki. Macharger ari kugadzirwa nezvikamu zvemodular, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kutsiva chiso chinobatana.
Kutarisira tambo munzvimbo dzekuchaja chinhu chakakoshawo pakugara kwenguva refu uye kuvimbika. Tambo dzekuchaja dzine simba guru dzine waya dzemhangura, mitsetse yekutonhodza mvura, uye tambo dzebasa asi dzichiri kufanira kutsungirira kudhonzwa kana kufambiswa. Zvimwe zvinhu zvinosanganisira machira anokiyiwa, izvo zvinobvumira mutyairi kubuda (Modularity of the mating face pamwe nemufananidzo wekuyerera kwemvura inotonhodza) mota yake ichichaja pachiteshi cheveruzhinji pasina kunetseka kuti mumwe munhu angabvisa tambo.