Ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo gukonjesha amazi muri BESS DC Chargers

Igisubizo cyihuse

Gukonjesha amazi muri BESS DC chargers bikemurira ibibazo bibiri bishyushye cyane mu gushyushya EV: gukuraho ubushyuhe buturuka ku bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga n'insinga zo gusharija, no kugumana bateri ku bushyuhe bumwe butuma ubuzima bw'ikirere bukomeza. chargers 480 kW zikonjeshwa n'umwuka zituma umusaruro usohoka mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe kandi zigasaba insinga zikomeye ku buryo abashoferi bagorwa no kuzikoresha; sisitemu zikonjeshwa n'amazi zigumana umusaruro wuzuye wa 480-600 kW ku bushyuhe bwo hagati kugeza kuri 50 °C kandi zigakoresha insinga zoroheje za 500 A+ zipima hafi kimwe cya kabiri cy'izindi nsinga zisanzwe. Ku ruhande rw'ububiko, paki za LFP zikonjeshwa n'amazi zigumana ubushyuhe hagati ya selile na selile muri ± 2 °C, zikongera ubuzima bw'uruziga kuva ku mibare isanzwe ikonjeshwa n'umwuka ya 4.000-6.000 kugeza ku ruziga 8.000-10.000. Ku bakoresha, umusaruro ufatika urapimwe: kWh nyinshi zitangwa kuri buri sharija ku munsi, igihe kirekire cy'umutungo, no kugabanya ikiguzi cyose cy'umutungo - niyo mpamvu gukonjesha amazi ubu ari bwo buryo bw'ibanze bwa 240 kW no hejuru.

Ibintu by'ingenzi byakunzwe

• Gukonjesha amazi bigumana umusaruro wose mu bushyuhe buri hejuru aho chargers zikonjesha zigabanukaho 15-30%.
• Insinga zo gusharija zikonjeshejwe n'amazi zitanga umuvuduko uhoraho wa 500 A+ mu byuma byoroheje kandi byoroshye — bigatuma habaho gusharija cyane kwa 600 kW.
• Udupaki twa BESS twakonjeshejwe n'amazi tugira ubushyuhe bungana bwa ±2 °C, dushyigikira ubuzima bw'ingendo 8.000–10.000 ugereranyije na 4.000–6.000 ku dupaki twakonjeshejwe n'umwuka.
• Imirongo ifunze yo gukonjesha amazi (ifite ireme rya IP65, igenzurwa n'imiterere y'ibikoresho bikonjesha) igabanya ivumbi n'ingufu - impamvu nyamukuru itera amakosa y'ikoranabuhanga ku nkengero z'umuhanda.
• Nubwo ikiguzi cya mbere kiri hejuru ya 10-20%, sisitemu zikonjesha amazi zitanga ingufu ziyongeraho 5-15% ku mwaka kandi zigakomeza kubaho igihe kirekire, bigatuma TCO y'imyaka 10 irushaho kuba nziza ku kigero cya 15-30%.

Ikibazo cy'ubushyuhe mu gusharija ingufu nyinshi

Buri kilowati itangwa binyuze muri DC charger itanga ubushyuhe busesuye. Charger ya 480 kW ikora ku kigero cya 96% yanze ubushyuhe bwa 19 kW - buhagije gushyushya amazu abiri asanzwe. Imbere muri ako gace, ubwo bushyuhe bwibanda ahantu hatatu: modules z'amashanyarazi za AC/DC, DC/DC converters, na connector y'insinga yo gusharija. Icyumba cya bateri cyongeraho ikibazo cya kane: charge na discharge current currents bishyushya cells ubwazo, kandi ubushyuhe ni umwanzi wa buri gikorwa cy'amashanyarazi muri litiyumu cell.

Mu myaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo, gukonjesha umwuka ku ngufu byashoboye guhangana n’iyi mibare. Ariko hari ibintu bibiri byatumye gukonjesha umwuka birenga aho byahoze:

1. Kwiyongera k'ubucucike bw'ingufu.Imashini zishyushya zavuye kuri 60 kW zijya kuri 240 kW zijya kuri 480 kW none ubu zifite 600 kW-class platforms muri ubwo buryo. Gukonjesha umwuka birushaho kwiyongera nabi: amafeni arasakuza cyane, amafiriti afunga vuba, kandi ubwo buryo bukeneye uburyo bwinshi bwo guhumeka butuma umukungugu, umunyu n'ubushuhe byinjira. 2.Ubushyuhe buri hagati y'ikirere n'ikirere.Imashini zitanga amashanyarazi zo mu muhanda muri Esipanye, Texas, Uburasirazuba bwo Hagati, na Ositaraliya zikora ku bushyuhe bwa 40–50°C. Sisitemu zikonjesha zigabanya umusaruro uko heatsink yegereza aho igarukira - bivuze ko icyuma gitanga amashanyarazi gifite ubushobozi bwa 480 kW muri laboratwari gitanga 350–410 kW muri Nyakanga.

Igihano cyo gutakaza ingufu ntabwo ari igitekerezo. Ku muyoboro w’amashanyarazi ukoresha amasaha 24 ku munsi, impuzandengo ya 20% yo gutakaza ingufu mu mpeshyi itwara hafi kWh 400–600 ku munsi - ibihumbi icumi bya kWh ku mwaka, bifite agaciro ka $5,000–15,000 mu nyungu bitewe n’imisoro n’ikoreshwa.

Gukonjesha Umwotsi Ugereranije no Gukonjesha Amazi: Igereranya ry'Ubwubatsi

Imbonerahamwe igaragaza imiterere y’igishushanyo mbonera: gukonjesha amazi si ikintu cy’akataraboneka ahubwo ni ikoranabuhanga rituma habaho imikorere ya 240 kW–1 MW. Munsi ya 180 kW, gukonjesha umwuka biracyari mu irushanwa ku giciro; hejuru y’ibyo, fiziki ikunda amazi.

Insinga zikonjeshejwe n'amazi: Gukoresha 500A+ Continuous Current

Insinga yo gusharija niho abashoferi bumva imiterere y’ubushyuhe. Umuyoboro uhoraho wa 600 unyura muri conductor isanzwe y’umuringa utanga ubushyuhe bwinshi burwanya, bityo insinga zikonjeshejwe n’umwuka zikishyura conductor nini cyane - ingaruka ni insinga iremereye kandi ikomeye ku buryo abashoferi - cyane cyane abashoferi bakuze cyangwa abakoresha connectors za CCS2 ku nguni zitanogeye - bigorana kuyikoresha.

Ikoranabuhanga rya "liquid-cooled cable" rikemura ibi binyuze mu kuzenguruka "coolant" binyuze mu miyoboro ishyizwe mu gasanduku k'insinga, hafi y'aho amashanyarazi atwara. "Cooler" ikura ubushyuhe burwanya isoko, bigatuma "conductor" ntoya itwara "conductor" imwe:

• Ubucucike bw'ubu:500–600 A ikomeza kuri buri nsinga, ituma 600 kW isharija kuri inyubako za 800–1000 V idashyushye cyane.
• Uburemere n'ubworoherane:40–55% byoroheje ugereranyije n'insinga zikonjeshwa n'umwuka, zifite umurambararo woroshye wo kugonda - iterambere ry'uburambe bw'umushoferi mu buryo butaziguye ndetse no kugabanya umunaniro kuri sisitemu za roboti cyangwa izikoresha ikoranabuhanga.
• Ubushyuhe bw'umuhuza:Iguma munsi ya 55 °C ku muvuduko wuzuye w'amashanyarazi, ikarinda ubuso bw'aho imodoka ihurira n'aho imodoka yinjira.

Ubu bushobozi ni ingenzi kuri [platforms za MIDA zo gushyushya amazi za 600 kW] (https://www.midapower.com/), aho sisitemu y'insinga n'icyuma gishyushya bisangiye umuyoboro umwe w'ubukonje n'umugenzuzi - igishushanyo gikomeza inzira yose y'ubushyuhe munsi ya sisitemu imwe yo kugenzura.

Gucunga ubushyuhe ku ruhande rwa batiri: Ubuzima bw'uruziga ni inkuru y'ubushyuhe

Kuri BESS mu gice cyo gushyushya, gukonjesha si imikorere muri iki gihe - ahubwo ni ubuzima bwose. Uturemangingo twa Lithium-iron-phosphate (LFP) twangirika vuba iyo ubushyuhe buri hejuru, kandi, mu buryo bukomeye, twangirika mu buryo butangana iyo ipaki ifite ahantu hashyushye n'aho hakonje. Uturemangingo dushyushye cyane tugabanya umutekano w'ipaki yose kandi tugagena igihe cyo kuyisimbura.

Gukonjesha amazi bihindura uburyo bateri igenda isaza:

Uburyo bworoshye: icyuma gikonjesha amazi gifite ubushobozi bwo gushyuha cyane kandi gitemba cyane gikura ubushyuhe mu bice bikonje mu buryo butaziguye ku tunyangingo tw’uturemangingo. Kubera ko inzira y’icyuma gikonjesha itwikira buri module imwe, agapaki gakora hafi y’ubushyuhe bwako bukwiye hose - gusaza buhoro buhoro, gukora neza kurushaho mu rugendo rwo kugaruka no kugaruka, kandi nta ngaruka mbi z’umutekano zihari.

Ku muntu ukora akazi ko kogosha buri munsi, itandukaniro riri hagati y’amasaha 6.000 na 10.000 ni imyaka itatu cyangwa itanu y’inyongera - ibi bikaba bihindura uburyo bw’imari kuva ku “gusimbuza bateri hagati mu mushinga” kugeza ku “bateri iramba kurusha charger.”

Umutekano, Gufunga, no Kwemeza

Gukonjesha amazi binjiza amazi mu bikoresho bifite ingufu nyinshi, bigatuma ikoranabuhanga mu by’umutekano n’icyemezo biba ingenzi mu gishushanyo mbonera. Imiterere y’imiterere y’ibikoresho - hamwe n’iyo abashinzwe kugenzura n’abishingizi bemera - isangiye ibi bintu:

• Imirongo ifunze kandi ifunzehamwe n'icyuma gikonjesha cya dielectric, gifite amanota ahagije ku buzima bw'ibikoresho byose, bigatuma urwego rw'ibyago "by'amazi + amashanyarazi" rugabanuka burundu.
• Ibikoresho bifite agaciro ka IP65nta mwanya w’ubuhumekero: ivumbi, umunyu, n’udukoko ntibishobora kwinjira, ibyo bigabanya mu buryo butaziguye uburyo bwo gucika intege mu murima bwiganjemo imibare y’ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga byo ku muhanda.
• Gutahura amazi asohoka no kugenzura umuvuduko w'amazihamwe no kuzimya charger mu buryo bwikora no gutanga raporo y'amakosa binyuze kuri OCPP.
• Gukurikirana imiterere y'aho ibintu bikonjesha biherereye(uburyo bwo gutwara amazi, umuvuduko w'amazi, ubushyuhe) byinjijwe muri EMS, hamwe n'igihe cy'imyaka 5-10.
• Ubufasha mu gutanga icyemezo: IEC 61851, IEC 62196, na UL 2594 ku buryo bwo gusharija; UL 9540 / IEC 62933 ku buryo bwo kubika; IP65 kuri IEC 60529.

Ibi ni byo bisabwa mu gihe cyo gupimisha. Umuyoboro ufunze ukonjeshejwe n'amazi ntabwo uhora uhoraho, ariko uburyo bwo gucika intege kwawo ni gake cyane, ni ibintu biteganyijwe, kandi bigaragara kure - bitandukanye na sisitemu z'abafana n'abayungurura zibora bucece iyo ibyuma bizibye.

Ubukungu mu by'Uburinzi n'Imikorere y'Ubuzima

Impamvu ikunze kubangamira gukonjesha amazi ni ukugorana - ubushishozi bw'uko pompe na coolant bigomba kuba ari ibibazo kurusha fans. Amakuru yo mu murima n'inyandiko za serivisi za OEM bivuga ibinyuranye n'ibi:

Ongeraho ingaruka z'ingufu n'amafaranga yinjira — nta gutakaza ingufu mu mpeshyi, umusaruro mwinshi mu mwaka, igihe kirekire cya batiri — kandi igereranya rya TCO ry'imyaka 10 ni ingenzi: sisitemu zikonjeshwa n'amazi ubusanzwe zitanga TCO iri hasi ya 15-30% ugereranyije n'izikonjeshwa n'umwuka ku gipimo cya 240 kW no hejuru, nubwo igiciro cya mbere cya 10-20%. Igiciro cyishyurwa rimwe; igihano cyo gutakaza ingufu n'igihe cyo gusimbuza batiri bigaruka buri mwaka.

Igiciro cyose cy'umutungo muri rusange

Umwanzuro

Gukonjesha amazi mu buryo buhanitse ni ikoranabuhanga rigezweho mu gihe cyo gushyushya ingufu nyinshi. Bikomeza gutanga umusaruro wose mu bushyuhe bwo mu butayu, bigatuma gushyushya kwa 600 kW bikoreshwa mu buryo bufatika binyuze mu nsinga zoroheje za 500 A+, kandi bikuba ubuzima bwa BESS mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bungana - byose bigabanya kubungabunga no gukuraho uburyo bwo gucika intege buterwa n'umukungugu mu byuma bihumeka. Buri gice cy'agaciro - ingufu zikoreshwa, ubuzima bw'umutungo, uburambe bw'umushoferi, ikiguzi cya O&M - birarushaho kuba byiza. Ku bakoresha bagaragaza 240 kW no hejuru, gushyushya amazi si amahitamo meza; ni ibanze rikwiye ry'ubuhanga. Suzuma [porogaramu ya MIDA yo gushyushya DC yihuta] (https://www.midapower.com/) na [igishushanyo mbonera cy'imicungire y'ubushyuhe bwa BESS] (https://www.midapower.com/) kugira ngo umenye amakuru yemewe ku mikorere y'urubuga rwawe.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

1. Gukonjesha amazi mu gikoresho cya DC ni iki?Gukonjesha amazi bizenguruka icyuma gikonjesha mu byuma bikonjesha no mu miyoboro y'insinga kugira ngo bikure ubushyuhe mu bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, bateri, n'insinga zisharija mu buryo butaziguye, aho kwishingikiriza ku bafana n'umwuka uri mu kirere.

2. Kuki gukonjesha amazi bikenewe kugira ngo amashanyarazi ya EV akoreshwe n'imbaraga nyinshi?Gukonjesha umwuka birengeje 240 kW ntibishobora gukuraho ubushyuhe bw'imyanda vuba mu turere dushyuha, bigatuma umusaruro ugabanuka; gukonjesha amazi bigumana imbaraga zose kandi bigatuma insinga zoroshye za 500–600 A zigabanuka.

3. Ni ku rugero rungana iki gukonjesha amazi byongera igihe cyo gushyushya?Sisitemu zifunze zikonjesha amazi zikuraho isuku ya filter no kwangirika kw'abafana, bigabanya O&M ku kigero cya 50–70% kandi bikuraho kwangirika kw'izuba mu mpeshyi, bishobora kongeraho 5–15% ku gutanga ingufu buri mwaka.

4. Ese koko insinga zikonjeshejwe n'amazi zitwara 500 A buri gihe?Yego. Insinga zikonjeshejwe n'amazi zifite imiyoboro ikonjesha ikora neza zifite umuyoboro uhoraho wa 500–600 A mu gihe ziguma zoroshye kandi zoroheje — ikoranabuhanga rituma habaho gusharija kwa 600 kW.

5. Ese gukonjesha amazi byongera igihe cyo gukoresha bateri muri BESS?Yego. Udupaki twa LFP dukonjeshejwe n'amazi dukomeza ubushyuhe bwa selile ± 2 °C, dushyigikira uruziga 8.000–10.000 ugereranije na 4.000–6.000 ku dupaki dusanzwe dukonjeshejwe n'umwuka - igihe kirekire cya 50–100%.

6. Ese gukonjesha amazi nta kibazo bifite hamwe n'ibikoresho bifite ingufu nyinshi?Yego, iyo byakozwe neza: imiyoboro ifunze ikoresha icyuma gikonjesha gikoresha amashanyarazi, imiyoboro igera kuri IP65, kandi kugenzura amazi/umuvuduko bitera kuzimya mu buryo bwikora no gutanga amajwi yo kure.

7. Ni iyihe nyungu yo guhitamo gukonjesha amazi?Ku gipimo cya 240 kW no hejuru, igiciro cya mbere cya 10–20% kigaruzwa binyuze mu gukuraho kwangiza, kugabanya O&M, no kwirinda gusimbuza bateri, bigatanga ikiguzi cyose cy’imyaka 10 cyo gutunga imodoka ku kigero cya 15–30%.