Te Whakapai Ake i te Whai Huatanga mā te BESS me te Hononga Hiko Rā

Whakautu Tere

Ko te hono i te rokiroki pūngao pākahiko (BESS) me te hiko o te rā kei te papaanga te hoahoa tino whai hua mō te papa utu EV hou nā te mea ka whakaekea ngā ngaronga i ia taahiraa o te mekameka pūngao. Ka hurihia e ngā panera rā te rā ki te DC i te 20–24% te whai huatanga o te waeine; ka whakahokia mai e te pūnaha aroturuki pūngao mōrahi (MPPT) te mea ka moumouhia e te atarangi me te kore taurite; ā, ka wehea e te pākahiko te whakaputanga mai i te tono utu kia kore ai e kaweakehia he kilowatt-haora i ngā utu rarawe, i te whakaitihia rānei. Ko te pūnaha PV+BESS e hono pai ana ka whakapiki ake i te uara o te whakaputanga rā mā te 30–50% ki te PV-anake, ka tapahia ngā hoko pūngao whatunga mā te 40–70%, ā, ka taea te whakahaere kore-tukunga i ngā hāora awatea. E whakamārama ana tēnei aratohu me pēhea te rahi, te hono, me te whakahaere i te rā me te rokiroki mō te whai huatanga o te haerenga hoki-mai.

Ngā Whakaaro Matua

• Mā te hononga DC o te PV me te BESS ka karohia ngā mate huringa takirua, ka whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te pūnaha mā te 2–4 ōrau.
• Ka mimiti te pākahiko i te kaha rawa o te rā, ka nekehia i te wā ki ngā taumata utu, ka whakakore i te whakaiti me te kaweake uara iti.
• Ka whakahokia mai e ngā kōwae MPPT me ngā awhe ngaohiko whānui te 5–10% o te putanga PV i ngaro i te atarangi hapa me te kore taurite o te panera.
• Mā te rahi tika mai i te pūhiko rā ki te pākahiko ka taea te whakahaere i te huringa rokiroki 1–1.5 ngā wā ia rā, ā, ka tiakina te roa o te huringa me te ōhanga.
• Ka taea e ngā pokapū BESS e whakamahia ana e te pūngao rā te mahi hei moutere kore-tukunga, ka taea te whakakore i ngā miihini whakaputa hiko tīhi i ngā wāhi tūmatanui me ngā wāhi kāore i te nui te whatunga hiko.

He aha te hononga PV + BESS te hononga tino whai hua

Kāore i te ōrite te tono mō te whakaputa hiko pūngao rā me te utu hiko EV. Ka piki te rā i te poutumarotanga, engari ka piki te tono utu i te ata haere ki te mahi me te matapihi mai i te ahiahi ki te ahiahi. He kōwhiringa pouri kei mua i te wāhi PV anake: kaweake i te toenga o te poutumarotanga i ngā utu rarawe, ka whakaitihia rānei. Ka tangohia te kōwhiringa e te BESS—ka mimiti te pākahiko i te toenga ka tukuna i te wā e hiahiatia ana e ngā utu.

E toru ngā wāhanga o te whai huatanga:

1. Te hua o te whakamahinga: ka pau ia kilowatt-haora o te rā i te papaanga i runga i te uara hokohoko, i te utu taake rānei, kaua e kaweake i runga i te uara rarawe, i te tapahi rānei. Ko te tikanga he 30–50% te nui ake o te moni whiwhi mō ia kWh kua whakaputaina. 2.Te pikinga o te tahuritangaI roto i te hoahoa hononga-DC, ka rere tika te hiko DC o te rā ki roto i te pahi DC o te pākahiko, ki te pahi DC rānei o te rihi, kia kore ai e hoki whakamuri te hiko AC. Mā te whakakore i ngā tahuritanga inverter e rua ka whakahokia mai te pai o te pūnaha ki te 2–4 ōrau. 3Te pikinga o te tono whatungaHe iti ake te kawemai a te pae mai i te whatunga hiko, ā, he papatahi ake ngā kawemai e toe ana, ka tapahia ngā utu pūngao me ngā utu tono.

Mō te kaiwhakahaere e whakarite ana i tētahi pokapū PV+BESS ki tētahi pae utu tere whatunga-anake, ko te utu pūngao kua whakaritea mō te pūnaha honohono he iti iho i te 20–35% i roto i te tekau tau.

Te Rere o te Pūngao: Mai i te Paewhiri ki te Pūhiko ki te Waka

Mā te mārama ki te hoahoa hononga ka mārama ake te wāhi e toa ai, e ngaro ai rānei te whai huatanga. E rua ngā momo āhua matua:

Hononga AC— Ka whāngaihia te pahi AC e ngā inverters PV; ka whakakīia te pākahiko e tētahi inverter pākahiko motuhake. He māmā, he āhua-rua hoki, engari ka ngaro te pūngao o te rā i te inverter PV, kātahi ka ngaro te pūngao o te pākahiko-inverter: he pai te haere-hoki tata ki te 85–88%.

Hononga DC— Ka hono ngā rarangi PV ki te pahi DC o te pākahiko mā te kaitahuri MPPT; kotahi te PCS pokapū e whakahaere ana i te whakawhiti whatunga. Ka uru te pūngao rā ki te pākahiko me te huringa kotahi, ā, ka piki ake te pai o te haere hoki ki te 90–93%. Ina taea e ngā rihi te kukume tika i te DC mai i te pahi tiritahi, ka whakakorehia tētahi atu huringa.

Ko te hoahoa hononga-DC te take e toa ai ngā hua pūngao-rā whakauru BESS i roto i ngā whakatinanatanga arumoni. Ka piki haere te rerekētanga o te whai huatanga i ia rā: i runga i te hauhake pūngao rā 1 MWh i ia rā, ko te 3–5 ōrau o te ngaronga huringa kua tiakina ko te 30–50 kWh ia rā—tata ki te 11–18 MWh ia tau o te pūngao ka taea te whakaora.

He [teihana utu hiko BESS EV pūngao rā 200 kWh](https://www.midapower.com/news/200kwh-solar-bess-ev-charging-station-for-zero-emission-sites/) hou e whakaatu ana i te mekameka katoa: PV array → MPPT module → pākahiko DC pahi → DC tere utu → pākahiko waka. Kua hangaia ia wāhanga kia iti rawa te ngaronga, ā, ka whakarite te EMS i te rere kia mahi tuatahi te pūngao rā i te kawenga, kia mahi tuatahi ngā utu tāpiri ki te BESS, ā, kia whakaitihia ngā kawemai whatunga.

Te Whakawhānui i ngā Rarangi Pūngao Rā ki te Pūngao BESS

Ko ngā hapa rahi—te rahi rawa o te PV, te rahi rawa rānei o te rokiroki—ka whakangaro puku i te ōhanga o ngā pūnaha honohono. Ko te ōwehenga whakahaere ko te hua o te rā o ia rā e pā ana ki te kaha o te pākahiko me te tono o te papaanga:

E toru ngā ture rahi hei pupuri i te whai huatanga o te hononga:

1. Rahi PV ki te 40–80% o te pūngao ā-tau o te papaanga, ehara i te 100%. Mā te kapinga katoa ka nui rawa te pākahiko me te roa o te wā mangere; mā te kapinga hapa ka whakanuia te uara o te rā mō ia watt kua tāutahia. 2.Whakawhānuihia te BESS kia kotahi te huringa katoa ia rāo te toenga o te rā e tumanakohia ana. Ko te pākahiko e hurihia ana kotahi i te rā i te 80% te hohonu o te tukunga ka tutuki i tana whakaritenga roa-huringa katoa; ko ngā pākahiko iti rawa te huringa, ā, ko ngā pākahiko nunui rawa ka whakaiti i te roa o te maramataka me te kore e whakamahia. 3Tātaitia te awhe tāuru MPPT ki te matapihi whakahaere tūturu o te rarangi.Ka whakahokia mai te pūngao e te waeine MPPT whānui-ngaohiko i raro i te atarangi wāhanga, te kohu ata, me te koroheketanga o te panera ka tapahia e te waeine whānuitanga-whaiti.

Ngā Hua Whai Hua: MPPT, Tahuritanga, me ngā Ngaronga Tūmataiti

Ka riro te whai huatanga i roto i ngā taipitopito, ā, e toru ngā wāhanga mate e whakahaere ana i ngā pūnaha hono:

Ngā mate o te MPPT.Mā te whakamarumaru wāhanga o tētahi aho panera ka taea te tapahi i te putanga katoa o te rarangi mā te 10–20% me te kore e arotau i ia aho. Ka aroturukihia e ngā kōwae mana MPPT mahi-teitei—pērā i ngā kōwae MPPT 30–60 kW a MIDA e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā pūnaha utu hiko pūngao rā—te pūwāhi mana mōrahi o ia aho takitahi, ka whakahokia mai te 5–10% o te hua ā-tau i ngā wāhi o te ao tūturu me te whakamarumaru, te kore rānei e ōrite te kōwae.

Ngā mate huringa me ngā mate tūtatari.Ko ia inverter ka mahi kino rawa atu i te kawenga iti. Ko te pae BESS e pupuri ana i tana PCS kia noho puku i te 2–5% kawenga i te pō ka moumou i ngā kilowatt-hāora puta noa i te karaka. Ka whakamahia e ngā pūnaha hou ngā aratau tatari tino iti (

Te whakahaere wera.Ka pau te pūngao i te whakamatao pākahiko; ka pupuri ngā kete pākahiko wai-whakamatao i te pāmahana pūtau tino pai me te iti noa iho o te kaha hau-pā o ngā hoahoa hau-whakamatao. I ngā wāhi werawera, ka taea e te whakamatao wai te penapena i te 3–5% o te pūngao pūnaha pākahiko i te whakamatao hau-kaha, me te whakaroa i te ora o te pūtau.

Ina huihuia, ka hiki ake ēnei ine i tētahi pūnaha honohono mai i te "pai o te 90% o te pereti ingoa" ki te "pai o te whakahaere 93–96%"—te rerekētanga i waenga i tētahi [teihana utu BESS 2 MWh e whakamahia ana e te rā](https://www.midapower.com/2mwh-960kw-bess-charging-station-megawatt-ev-charger-solar-battery-storage-system-product/) e tuku ana i tōna pūngao kua whakatauria me tētahi e ngaro puku ana te nui o te pūngao o ia wā i ia rua wiki.

Ngā Wāhi Kore-Tukunga me te Whakanekehanga Tīhiera

Ko te hua rautaki o te hononga ko te mana motuhake o te mahi. I ngā wāhi tawhiti, i ngā wāhi e herea ana e te whatunga hiko, i ngā wāhi urupare ā-aituā rānei, ka whakakapia te mīhini whakaputa hiko tīhiera e te pokapū pūngao rā+BESS—te whakautu tawhito ki te "kāore he whatunga hiko i konei."

He tino uaua te whakatairite. E 3–4 rita ia hāora te tahunga o tētahi mīhini whakaputa hiko tīhi i te wāhi ratonga huarahi i raro i te kawenga wāhanga, e 2.5–3 kg o te CO2 e tukuna ana i ia rita, ā, e hiahiatia ana he ratonga wahie. Ka tukuna e te pokapū pūngao solar+BESS me te 150–400 kWp o te PV me te 500 kWh–2 MWh o te rokiroki te ratonga utu kotahi me te kore tukunga i te papaanga, te mahi puku, me te utu iti tata ki te kore ina tāutahia.

E toru ngā putanga ka taea te ine e ngā pokapū whakahaere:

• Ngā penapena wahie me ngā ratonga kawe taonga o te $15,000–$60,000 ia tauki te whakataurite ki te mahi tīhiera ōrite;
• Te whakaiti i te waro o te 40–120 tāne o te CO2 ia taumō ia pae, e āhei ana hoki ki ngā kaupapa nama waro i ētahi mākete;
• Te wā mahi neke atu i te 95%mō ngā wā utu e whakamahia ana i te awatea, me te whatunga hiko, te whakaputa hiko tārua rānei e kapi ana i ngā pīka o te ahiahi hōhonu.

Ko te hoahoa [teihana utu BESS ipu 500 kWh](https://www.midapower.com/news/500kwh-containerized-bess-charging-station-for-grid-constrained-areas/)—he pākahiko ipu me te whakaurunga hiko pūngao rā—koia te poraka hanga paerewa mō aua wāhi, nā te mea ka tukuna hei wae kotahi, ā, ka tukuna me te kore mahi ā-iwi.

Whakamutunga

Ehara te pūngao rā me te rokiroki i te whakapainga tāpiri ki tētahi pae utu; he pūnaha honohono e nui ake ana te pai o te whakakotahitanga i te tapeke o ōna wāhanga. Ka tangohia e te hononga DC ngā ngaronga huringa, ka whakahokia mai e te MPPT ngā ngaronga atarangi, ā, ka hurihia e te pākahiko te toenga o te pūngao rā o te poutumarotanga hei moni whiwhi utu ahiahi. Mēnā he tika te rahi—PV i te 40–80% o te pūngao o te pae, te huringa BESS kotahi i te rā, ngā kōwae MPPT whānui—ka tapahia e te pokapū BESS e hiko ana i te pūngao rā ngā hoko whatunga mā te 40–70%, ka nekehia te tīhiera i ngā wāhi tawhiti, ā, ka tukuna he utu kore-tukunga ki te wāhi e tino hira ana. Mō ngā kaiwhakahaere, ehara te pātai pai i te "ka mahi te pūngao rā me te rokiroki?" engari "ko tēhea hoahoa honohono e hopu ana i te nuinga o ia kilowatt-haora?"

Ngā Pātai Auau

1. He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te hononga AC me te DC mō te pūngao rā + BESS?I roto i te hononga AC, he inverter motuhake tā te PV me te pākahiko i runga i te pahi AC, ka ngaro te 2–4 ngā tohu o te pai o te haere hoki-mai. I roto i te hononga DC, ka whāngaihia te pahi DC o te pākahiko e te pūngao hiko rā mā te kaitahuri MPPT, ka karohia te tahuritanga takirua me te whakapai ake i te pai ki te 90–93%.

2. Kia pēhea te nui o te hiko pūngao rā me hono atu ki tētahi pae utu BESS?Whakawhānuihia te PV ki te 40–80% o te whakapaunga hiko ā-tau o te papaanga. Ka nui rawa te utu o te pākahiko nā te kapinga katoa; ka whakanuia e te kapinga hapa te uara o te rā mō ia watt kua tāutahia, me te pupuri tonu i te huringa pākahiko kia whai hua.

3. E hia ngā huringa ia rā e tika ana kia arotahihia e te BESS hono?Tata ki te kotahi huringa katoa ia rā i te 80% o te hohonutanga o te tukunga. Mā taua tere ka tutuki te roa o te huringa kua whakaritea mō te pākahiko, ā, ka noho ora tonu te ōhanga; mā te nui rawa o te huringa ka whakaiti i te kaha o te pākahiko, ā, mā te iti rawa o te huringa ka moumou te pūtea.

4. Ka taea e te papa hiko BESS e whakamahia ana e te rā te whakahaere i waho o te whatunga hiko?Āe, me te nui o te PV, te rokiroki, me te tono taumaha-awatea. Ka mau tonu te hononga whatunga ki ngā wāhi ranu hei pupuri i te manawanui me ngā tihi ahiahi hohonu; ko ngā moutere parakore he mea tāpiri i tētahi pūhiko tārua mō ngā take tino kino.

5. He aha te hiranga o te MPPT i roto i tētahi pūnaha honohono?Mō ngā rarangi kua whakamarumaruhia, kāore rānei i te ōrite, ka whakahokia mai e te MPPT takitahi ia aho te 5–10% o te hua PV ā-tau—te pūngao kua ngaro pea. Mō ngā rarangi ma, kāore i whakamarumaruhia, ka heke te painga, koia te take he mea nui ngā rangahau o te papaanga.

6. He aha te pai o te whai huatanga e tika ana kia tumanakohia e au mai i tētahi teihana utu hiko solar-BESS hou?Ka taea te whakatutuki i te pai o te mahi haere-hoki o te 93–96% me te hononga DC, ngā kete pākahiko whakamatao-wai, me ngā PCS iti-tātari—ka whakaritea ki te 85–88% mō ngā puranga hononga-AC taketake.

7. Ka whakaitihia e te hononga pūngao rā ngā utu tono mō te papaanga?Āe. Ka whakaitihia e te whakaputanga rā ngā kawemai whatunga i ngā wā o ngā utu nui, ā, ka whakaitihia e te BESS te toenga o te pikinga 15-meneti—ka whakaekea ngā wāhanga pūngao me te tono o te pire i te wā kotahi.