Imashini zikoresha ingufu zidasanzwe za DC 60kW-180kW: Imiterere yizewe cyane ku byambu no mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro

Guteza imbere ibikorwa remezo bya EV ku isi: Isesengura ryimbitse rya tekiniki rya Modular 60kW kugeza 180kW DC Fast Chargers—Guteza imbere imiterere y’amashanyarazi yizewe cyane, imicungire y’ubushyuhe, n’ikwirakwizwa ry’amashanyarazi ku byambu, ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, n’inganda zikomeye

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Uko impinduka ku isi yose igana ku gutwara amashanyarazi yihuta, icyifuzo cy'ibikorwa remezo bikomeye kandi bikoresha ingufu nyinshi cyarenze ibinyabiziga bitwara abagenzi kijya mu rwego rw'ibikorwa bikomeye by'ubucuruzi n'inganda. Iyi nyandiko y'ikoranabuhanga isesengura imiterere y'ubuhanga bwa sitasiyo za DC Fast Charging za 60kW kugeza 180kW (DCFC). Twiga ku miterere y'ibikoresho byizewe cyane, imiterere y'amashanyarazi yagutse, hamwe na sisitemu zo gucunga ubushyuhe mu rwego rw'inganda. Byongeye kandi, turasuzuma uburyo izi sisitemu zishyirwa mu turere duto cyane ku isi - ibyambu, ibikorwa byo mu mazi, n'ahantu ho gucukura amabuye y'agaciro kure - aho igihe cyo kudakora atari amahitamo.

Igice cya 1: Akamaro k'Ingamba z'Ingufu za 60kW–180kW

Ingano ya 60kW kugeza kuri 180kW ni "ahantu heza" mu buryo bwo gusharija imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi (EV). Nubwo chargers za 7kW AC zihagije gukoreshwa mu ngo na sitasiyo za 350kW+ HPC (High Power Charging) zikoreshwa mu mihanda minini, igice cya 60-180kW gikemura ibibazo by'imikorere y'amato y'ubucuruzi, amamodoka yo mu mijyi, amabisi akoresha amashanyarazi, n'imashini zikomeye zo mu nganda.

1.1 Ingufu ziteza imbere isoko n'uburyo ibikorwa remezo bitera imbere

Mu bucuruzi, "igihe cyo guhindura" ni cyo gipimo cy'ibanze. Ishaje ya 60kW ishobora kongera kuzuza batiri isanzwe ya veni itwara imizigo mu gihe cyo gupakira imizigo, mu gihe imashini ya 180kW ishobora gushyigikira gusharija imbunda nyinshi ku makamyo aremereye. Kuba iyi mashini ishobora kwaguka bituma abakoresha indege batangirira ku mashini ya 60kW no kuzamuka kugeza kuri 120kW cyangwa 180kW bongeramo gusa module z'amashanyarazi, bigatuma ishoramari rya mbere mu mirimo y'ubucuruzi n'ibikoresho by'ububatsi rikomeza kwiyongera.

1.2 Kwizerwa nk'igisabwa cy'ingenzi mu bucuruzi

Ku mukozi w’inganda—nk’icyambu gikoresha amashanyarazi (AGVs)—kunanirwa k’umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi ni ikintu kirenze ingorane gusa; ni imbogamizi mu ruhererekane rw’ibikoresho ku isi. Iki gice gishyiraho urwego rwo kwishyuza “Ingano y’Inganda”, aho igihe cy’uburemere hagati y’ibinanirana (MTBF) gipimwa mu masaha amagana n’ibihumbi kandi ubushobozi bwo gukora bugashyirwa mu bikoresho kuva ku munsi wa mbere.

Igice cya 2: Ubwubatsi bw'ibikoresho n'imiterere y'amashanyarazi

Ishingiro ry'icyuma gishyushya cya DC ni icyiciro cyacyo cyo guhindura ingufu. Ku gipimo cya 60-180kW, igishushanyo gisanzwe gikurikiza uburyo bw'ibice bibiri: AC/DC Front-end for Power Factor Correction (PFC) n'icyiciro cya DC/DC cyo gutandukanya no kugenzura voltage.

2.1 Imbere: Imashini ihindura imiterere ya Vienna y'icyiciro cya gatatu ugereranije n'iy'interleaved Boost

Inyinshi mu mashini zikoresha amashanyarazi zikoresha icyuma gisubiza umuriro mu buryo bw’ingufu cya Vienna cy’icyiciro cya gatatu (Three-Phase Vienna Rectifier) ​​ku rwego rwa PFC. Iyi topology itanga ibyiza byinshi:

• Ingufu nyinshi: Mu kugabanya umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi kuri semiconductors, igihombo cyo guhinduranya kiragabanuka.
• THD nkeya: Igera ku gipimo cya Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) kiri munsi ya 5%, ingenzi mu kubungabunga umutekano w’amashanyarazi mu duce tw’inganda.
• Igipimo cy'Ingufu: Ifite PF > 0.99, igenzura ikoreshwa ryinshi ry’amashanyarazi yinjira.

Mu miterere imwe na imwe ya 180kW, imashini zihindura ingufu zikoreshwa mu gukwirakwiza umutwaro w'ubushyuhe ku buryo butandukanye bwa inductors na switches, bikongera igihe kirekire cy'ibice bimwe na bimwe.

2.2 DC/DC Stage: Abahindura Resonant ba LLC kugira ngo bakore neza mu buryo bwa Wide-Voltage

Icyiciro cya DC/DC kigomba gutanga uburyo bwo kwitandukanya na galvanic no kugenzura umusaruro kugira ngo uhuze na voltage ya bateri y'imodoka. Ku modoka zigezweho za EV, uru rugero rwavuye kuri 200V rugera kuri 1000V.Ihinduranya ry'amajwi rya LLCni topology ikunzwe cyane hano bitewe n'ubushobozi bwayo bwo guhindura amashanyarazi hakoreshejwe Zero-Voltage (ZVS) na Zero-Current Switching (ZCS). Ubu buryo bwo guhindura amashanyarazi hakoreshejwe soft-switching bugabanya cyane interference ya electromagnetic (EMI) n'ubushyuhe kuri MOSFET cyangwa IGBTs.

2.2.1 Guhuza Karubide ya Silikoni (SiC)

Mu byuma byizewe cyane bya 180kW, MOSFET zisanzwe za Silicon (Si) zigenda zisimburwa cyane n'ibikoresho bya SiC. SiC itanga:

• Amasano yo Guhinduranya yo mu rwego rwo hejuru: Bituma habaho inductors nto na transformers, bigabanya uburemere n'ingano ya modules z'amashanyarazi.
• Kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshiIbikoresho bya SiC bishobora gukora neza mu buryo bwizewe ku bushyuhe buri hejuru mu ihuriro ry’ibirombe, ibi bikaba ari inyungu ikomeye mu bidukikije bidafite umwuka mwiza kandi bifite ikirere kinini.

Igice cya 3: Uburyo bwo kongera gukoresha uburyo bwa Modular n'akamaro ka "Hot-Swap"

Kuva ku bikoresho bya monolithic 120kW kugera ku byuma bikoresha modular architectures (urugero, modules 6 x 20kW cyangwa 4 x 30kW cyangwa 3 x 60kW) ni intambwe ikomeye mu iterambere ry’umuvuduko wo gushyushya charger.

3.1 Uburyo bwo kugabanya umubare w'abakoresha N+1

Sitasiyo ya 180kW isanzwe ikoresha module nyinshi za 30kW cyangwa 40kW. Mu buryo bwizewe cyane, sisitemu ishobora gutegurwa ifite ubusembwa bwa N + 1. Iyo module imwe ya 30kW inaniwe, sisitemu ikomeza gukora kuri 150kW. "Smart Controller" ihita yongera kugenzura imikoreshereze y'umuzigo, kandi umukozi abimenyeshwa binyuze mu gicu (OCPP) kugira ngo asimbuze icyuma cyari gifite ikibazo mu gihe cyo gusana giteganyijwe, aho guhamagara byihutirwa.

3.2 Guhinduranya no Gutanga Serivisi mu Buhinzi

Imashini zitanga amashanyarazi mu nganda zigomba gukoreshwa n'abatekinisiye basanzwe b'amashanyarazi, atari inzobere mu by'ikoranabuhanga rikoresha ingufu gusa. Imiterere ya modulari yemerera "Hot-Swapping," aho modulari ishobora gukurwamo igasimburwa nta ngufu zicanye sitasiyo yose. Ibi bigabanya MTTR (Mean Time To Repair).

3.3 Kugabanya Imitwaro no Kongera Ubuzima

Igenzura ryo hagati rigenzura "amasaha yo gukora" ya buri module. Mu kuzenguruka module zifata iya mbere mu gihe cyo gusharija ingufu nke (urugero, iyo imodoka isabye 30kW gusa kuri unit ya 120kW), sisitemu igenzura ko ibice byose byangirika neza, ikarinda ko module "y'ibanze" ikora nabi itarakora neza.

Igice cya 4: Umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi wagutse n'uburyo bwo guhuza ibintu mu buryo butandukanye

Igice cya 60-180kW kigomba gukora ibintu byose kuva kuri sisitemu za bateri za kera za 400V kugeza ku miterere mishya ya 800V/900V iboneka mu makamyo akomeye n'amato akomeye.

4.1 Imirongo y'ingufu ihoraho

Ishaje nziza ya 180kW itanga ingufu zihoraho mu rugero rwagutse rw'amashanyarazi (urugero, kuva kuri 300V kugeza kuri 1000V). Ibi bigerwaho binyuze mu buryo bugezweho bwo kugenzura buhindura imikorere y'ingufu n'inshuro za converter za resonant.

4.2 Gutanga Ingufu Zikoresha Imbunda Nyinshi

Imashini zigezweho za 120kW na 180kW zikunze kugira insinga ebyiri cyangwa eshatu zo gusharija.

• Gushyushya hakurikijwe uburyo: Imbunda A irarangira, hanyuma Imbunda B iratangira.
• Gushyushya icyarimwe (Gutandukanya guhamye): Imbunda A na Gun B buri imwe ifite imbaraga za 90kW.
• Igabanywa rya Dynamic Matrix: Umugenzuzi agenzura imiterere y'umuriro (SoC) n'imbaraga zisabwa z'ibinyabiziga byombi. Iyo imodoka A ikeneye 150kW naho imodoka B igakenera 30kW gusa, sisitemu iyobora modules mu buryo bunoze kugira ngo ihuze n'ibyo byombi bikenewe neza.

Igice cya 5: Sisitemu zo gucunga ubushyuhe mu rwego rw'inganda

Gucunga ubushyuhe ni "uburyo bwo kwica bucece" amashanyarazi y'ikoranabuhanga. Mu gipimo cya 60-180kW, ubushyuhe butangwa ni bwinshi - nubwo bugera kuri 95%, icyuma cya 180kW gitanga ubushyuhe bwa 9kW.

5.1 Igishushanyo mbonera cy'imiyoboro y'umwuka yigenga

Mu nganda zikomeye (nk'aho hari ivumbi cyangwa icyambu cy'umunyu), gukonjesha kw'abafana bisanzwe ntibihagije kuko bikurura imyanda ku bice bya PCB byoroheje. Ibikoresho byizewe cyane bikoreshaUmuyoboro w'umwuka wigengaigishushanyo mbonera:

1. Icyumba cyihariye: Ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga byoroshye (CPU, capacitors, control panels) bifunze mu gipangu cya IP54 cyangwa IP55.
2. Ibikoresho byo gushyushya byagaragaye: Imashini zikoresha ingufu zishyirwa kuri heatsinks nini za aluminiyumu ziba mu mwobo w’umwuka utandukanye.
3. Abafana bafite umuvuduko mwinshi: Abafana bo mu rwego rw'inganda bakura umwuka mu mwobo gusa, bagakonjesha ibyuma bishyushya umuriro bitabangamiye ibidukikije.

5.2 Gukonjesha amazi mu gipimo cya 180kW+

Nubwo gukonjesha umwuka ari ibisanzwe kuri 60-120kW, hari ibyuma bya 180kW byagenewe gutwara imizigo myinshi (urugero, ububiko bw'amakamyo aremereye) birimo kwerekeza ku bikoresho bikonjeshwa n'amazi. Ibi bituma habaho ahantu hafunze neza, bigatanga uburinzi busesuye ku mukungugu, ubushuhe, ndetse no kwangirika kw'imiti.

5.3 Kurwanya ubushyuhe n'ubukonje

Ku byuma bishyushya bishyirwa mu turere dukonje (urugero, mu birombe bya Nordic), ibikoresho bishyushya imbere mu kirere bishyirwa hamwe kugira ngo birinde ko ubushyuhe bugabanuka mu gihe cy’ihindagurika ry’ubushyuhe, ibyo bikaba byatera imikorere migufi cyangwa kwangirika kw’ibice byabyo.

(Impera z'igice cya 1. Igice cya 2 kizavuga ku buryo bwo kwirinda ibidukikije, gukwirakwiza mu buryo bw'ubwenge, inyigo z'ibyabaye, n'icyerekezo cy'ejo hazaza.)

Igice cya 6: Kwizerwa gukomeye mu bidukikije bikomeye

Gushyira ibikorwa remezo byo gusaruza amashanyarazi mu turere tw’inganda—ibyambu, ibirombe, n’aho amazi anyura—bishyira ibikoresho mu buryo bushobora kwangiza amashanyarazi asanzwe yo mu rwego rw’ubucuruzi. Kongera icyizere muri ibi bihe ni ikibazo cy’ubuhanga mu byiciro byinshi.

6.1 Ipfapfa ry'umunyu n'ubudahangarwa bwa ruswa (C5-M Standard)

Mu byambu no mu nyanja, umwuka wuzuyemo iyoni za kloride. Izi iyoni zihumanya cyane imirasire y'umuringa n'ibice bya aluminiyumu.

• Gupfuka mu buryo busanzwe: PCB zose zigomba kunyura mu byiciro byinshi byo gusiga irangi rya conformal (Acrylic, Silicone, cyangwa Urethane) kugira ngo hirindwe ko "dendrite" ikura hagati y'ibice bigize iyo mirambo.
• Ibikoresho byo mu gikari: Udusanduku twizewe cyane dukunze gukoresha icyuma kitagira umugese (Grade 304 cyangwa 316) cyangwa aluminiyumu yo mu mazi ifite ifu yihariye ihuye n’icyiciro cya C5-M (Coastal and Offshore) cy’ubukonje nk’uko biteganywa na ISO 12944.

6.2 Kugabanya ivumbi n'udukoko (IP65 ugereranije na IP54)

Ahantu hacukurwa amabuye y'agaciro hatera ikibazo cy’“Umukungugu uyobora amashanyarazi.” Uduce duto tw’amabuye y’agaciro cyangwa amakara dushobora kwinjira mu cyuma gishyushya amashanyarazi, tugaturika ku bice bifite ingufu nyinshi, bigatuma habaho guhindagurika gukabije kw’amashanyarazi.

• Ubusugire bwa Gasket: Gaskets za EPDM cyangwa silicone nziza cyane zikoreshwa mu gufunga inzugi zose n'ibice byo kwinjiramo.
• Imicungire y'iyungurura: Ku bikoresho bikonjeshwa n'umwuka, hakoreshwa filters za G4 cyangwa F7 zigezweho, akenshi zihuzwa n'ibikoresho by'umuvuduko bimenyesha umukoresha igihe filter ifunze, bikarinda kuzimya ubushyuhe.

6.3 Kunyeganyega no Kurwanya Guhungabana

Ahantu ho gushyushya amabuye y'agaciro haherereye ku cyambu cyo ku mazi cyangwa hafi y'ahantu hacukurwa amabuye y'agaciro hahora hahinda umushyitsi.

• Gushyiraho ibintu bigabanya stressIbice binini nka capacitors za electrolytic na inductors bifatwa na RTV (Ubushyuhe bw'icyumba) silicone cyangwa uduce twabigenewe twa mechanical kugira ngo hirindwe umunaniro wa lead.
• Ibice bigize imiterere ihamye: Kureka gukoresha uburyo bwa "mechanical relay" ukajya kuri "solid-state contactors" (aho bishoboka) birushaho kunoza ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira gutigita.

Igice cya 7: Uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza ingufu z'ubwenge n'uburyo bwo guhuza imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi

Gutanga charger ya 180kW ni umutwaro ukomeye ku muyoboro w'amashanyarazi wo mu gace uherereyemo. Gucunga uyu mutwaro mu buryo bw'ubwenge ni ingenzi cyane ku fagitire y'amashanyarazi y'umukoresha ndetse no ku mutekano w'umuyoboro ukwirakwiza umuriro.

7.1 Gutakaza Umutwaro Uhoraho

Mu nganda, ingufu z'ibanze zigomba gushyirwa imbere mu bikorwa (urugero, icyuma gikoresha amashanyarazi). Aho amashanyarazi ashyirwa hashobora guhuzwa hakoreshejwe Modbus cyangwa Ethernet/IP muri sisitemu yo gucunga inyubako (BMS) y'aho hantu. Iyo ingufu zose zikoreshwa ku kibuga zegereje umupaka wacyo, icyuma gitanga amashanyarazi gihindura ingufu zacyo (urugero, kuva kuri 180kW kugeza kuri 60kW) kugira ngo hirindwe kugwa ku byuma binini bikoresha amashanyarazi.

7.2 Guhuza ingufu zisubiramo na ESS

Ahantu henshi ho mu nganda za kure hakoresha imirasire y'izuba (PV) n'uburyo bwo kubika ingufu (ESS).

• V2X na V2G Bishoboye: Imashini zishyushya zikora neza cyane zirimo kubakwa zifite ubushobozi bwo kugera ku cyerekezo kimwe. Mu gihe cyo gukenera cyane, imodoka za EV (zikora nka bateri igendanwa) zishobora kongera ingufu muri microgrid y'urubuga kugira ngo zihamye frequency.
• Gushyushya hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa "buffered": Ishaje ya 180kW ishobora gukurura ingufu ziturutse kuri bateri ya 200kWh aho kuzikura kuri grid idakomeye, bigatuma ingufu zikoreshwa cyane ndetse no mu birombe by'ubucukuzi bya kure bifite ibikorwa remezo bike.

Igice cya 8: Amabwiriza agenga itumanaho, umutekano w'ikoranabuhanga, n'umutekano

"Ubwenge" bw'iyi shajara buba mu gice cyayo cya porogaramu. Ku bikorwa by'inganda, igice kigomba kuba gikomeye nk'ibikoresho byayo.

8.1 Ihame rya OCPP 2.0.1

Nubwo OCPP 1.6J ari rusange, charger za 60-180kW zo mu nganda ziri kwimukira kuri OCPP 2.0.1. Iyi verisiyo itanga:

• Isuzumabumenyi Rinoze: Gutanga amakuru arambuye ku buzima ku buryo bworoshye bwo gukoresha ingufu n'amafeni yo gukonjesha.
• Gucomeka no Gutanga Shaja (ISO 15118): Ni ingenzi mu mikorere y'imodoka, aho abashoferi badashaka gukoresha amakarita ya RFID; imodoka yiyerekana ubwayo kuri charger.

8.2 Sisitemu z'umutekano w'amashanyarazi

Umutekano ni ingenzi cyane iyo ukoresha 1000V DC.

• Gukurikirana ibijyanye no gukingira ubwishingizi (IMD): Sisitemu ihora igenzura uburyo bisi ya DC irwanya ubwiherero (isolation resistance) hagati ya bisi ya DC na chassis. Iyo ubwiherero bugabanutse munsi y’umurongo (bigaragaza ko hari aho amazi aturuka), sisitemu irazimira mu masegonda make.
• Gutahura amakosa ya Arc: DSP zigezweho (Digital Signal Processors) zisesengura imiterere y'umuraba kugira ngo zimenye ikimenyetso cy'ikosa ry'umuraba, zigakumira inkongi mbere yuko zitangira.
• Uburinzi bw'ibiza (SPD)Bitewe n'uko ahantu inganda zikunze guhura n'inkuba n'urusaku rwinshi rw'amashanyarazi, ubwoko bwa 1 + 2 SPDs ni ubusanzwe haba ku ikoreshwa rya AC ndetse n'ikoreshwa rya DC.

Igice cya 9: Inyigo y'Urugero—Gutanga amashanyarazi ku cyambu cya Rotterdam

Icyambu cya Rotterdam ni cyo gipimo mpuzamahanga cyo gushyira amashanyarazi mu mazi. Gukoresha amashanyarazi ya 120kW na 180kW DC byahuye n'imbogamizi zikomeye.

9.1 Ikibazo: Ubushuhe n'Imikorere Ikomeye

Imodoka zo mu bwoko bwa AGV zo ku cyambu zikora amasaha 24/7. Imashini zitanga charger ziri munsi ya metero 50 uvuye ku nkombe. Imashini zisanzwe za charger zananiwe mu mezi 6 bitewe n’umunyu watewe n’ibibaho bigenzura.

9.2 Umuti: Inzu z'inganda zihariye

Icyambu cyakoresheje modular units 180kW hamwe na:

• Imashini zihindura ubushyuhe imbere mu mubiri: Aho gukurura umwuka wo hanze binyuze muri modules, sisitemu yakoresheje uruziga rw'umwuka rwo mu mutima rufunganye ruhinduranya ubushyuhe n'inyuma binyuze mu gikoresho cyo guhinduza ubushyuhe cyo mu mazi.
• Itumanaho ridasanzwe: Dual-SIM LTE na Fiber Optic backhaul byatumye chargers ziguma zihujwe na sisitemu yo kohereza ubutumwa hagati igihe cyose.

9.3 Umusaruro

Kuva aho ishyizwe mu bikorwa, indege za AGV zakomeje gukora ku kigero cya 99.8%, aho ingufu za 180kW ziyongera cyane bigatuma hatabaho "gukora neza".

Igice cya 10: Inyigo y'Urugero—Ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro mu Burengerazuba bwa Ositaraliya

Mu cyaro cya kure cya Ositaraliya, amakamyo acukura amashanyarazi (urugero, amato atwara toni 60) akenera gusharija vuba mu bushyuhe bwa dogere selisiyusi 50 n'umukungugu ukabije.

10.1 Ikibazo: Ubushyuhe bukabije na serivisi iri kure

Ikigo cya serivisi kiri hafi kiri mu birometero 500. Ibura ry'umucanga rishobora guhagarika umusaruro w'amafaranga angana na miliyoni z'amadolari ku munsi.

10.2 Umuti: Modules za SiC nini cyane

Abahanga mu by’ubushyuhe bashyize sitasiyo za 180kW bakoresheje module za Silicon Carbide (SiC) zahawe agaciro ka 250kW. Mu "gukuraho amanota" y’ibikoresho (byakoreshaga module ya 250kW kuri 180kW), imbaraga z’ubushyuhe zaragabanutse cyane, kandi imikorere iguma ku rwego rwo hejuru rw’umuvuduko.

• Gusuzuma indwara hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya kure: Imashini zitanga umuriro zari zifite telemetri ifitanye isano na satelite, zemerera injeniyeri zo muri Perth kugenzura ubushyuhe bw'ibice no "guhanura" amakosa mbere yuko bibaho.

10.3 Umusaruro

Imiterere ya SiC yari yagabanutse yagenze neza cyane ku buryo ubu iki kirombe kirimo kwagura amashanyarazi, gifite gahunda yo gushyiraho uburyo bwa Megawatt Charging Systems (MCS) bushingiye ku mahame amwe y’uburyo.

Igice cya 11: Icyerekezo cy'ejo hazaza—Impinduka muri MCS na AI Maintenance

Igice cya 60kW–180kW si cyo iherezo ry'urugendo; ni ishingiro ry'ibizakurikiraho byo gusharija.

11.1 Sisitemu yo Gukoresha Megawatt (MCS)

Kubera ko ubushobozi bwa batiri z'amato n'amakamyo aremereye burenze 1MWh, inganda zirimo gushaka gusharija 1.2MW+. Amasomo yiga mu gice cya modular cya 180kW—cyane cyane ibijyanye no gukonjesha amazi n'amashanyarazi menshi ya SiC—ari kongerwa kugira ngo habeho "Power Hubs" nyinshi.

11.2 Gutunganya ibintu biteganyijwe hifashishijwe ubuhanga bwa AI

Umupaka ukurikiraho ni "Self-Healing Charger." Mu gukoresha imashini kwiga kugira ngo basesengure impinduka nto mu mihindagurikire yo guhinduranya cyangwa RPM z'abafana bakonjesha uko igihe kigenda gihita, ubuhanga bwo gukora charger bushobora guhanura ko ibice bizananirwa ibyumweru bike mbere y'uko igihe kigera. Mu gice cyangwa mu kirombe, ibi bituma umukozi ashobora gutegura "hot-swap" y'iminota 10 mu gihe cyo guhinduranya shift, bigakuraho burundu igihe cyo kudakora kitari cyateganyijwe.

Umwanzuro

Ubuhanga bwa sitasiyo za DC zikoresha ingufu zidasanzwe za 60kW kugeza kuri 180kW bugaragaza ubufatanye buhambaye bw'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, ubumenyi bw'ibikoresho, n'ubwenge bwa porogaramu. Mu gushyira imbere uburyo bwo kongera ingufu mu buryo busanzwe, gucunga ubushyuhe mu rwego rw'inganda, no kurengera ibidukikije mu buryo bukomeye, abakora ibikoresho barimo gutanga inkingi ikomeye y'ibikorwa remezo bya EV ku isi bishobora kwaguka, byizewe kandi birambye. Haba mu byambu byasizwe umunyu mu cyambu kinini cyangwa mu byobo byuzuyemo ivumbi mu birombe biri kure, izi sisitemu zizewe cyane zigaragaza ko ahazaza h'inganda zikomeye atari amashanyarazi gusa—ni amashanyarazi akomeye.

Amagambo y'ingenzi: Ibikorwaremezo byo Gusharija EV, Gusharija vuba bya DC, 60kW, 120kW, 180kW, Ubwubatsi bwa Modular, SiC MOSFET, Kwizerwa mu nganda, Gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi ku cyambu, Gucukura EV, Gusharija mu mazi, LLC Resonant Converter, Gucunga ubushyuhe, OCPP 2.0.1, V2G.

Igice cya 12: Kwinjira mu buryo bwimbitse mu miyoboro yo kugenzura ihindagurika ry'amashanyarazi no kugabanya EMI

Kugira ngo hagerwe ku bwizerwe bukenewe kuri sisitemu z’inganda za 180kW, uburyo bwo kugenzura no guhuza ingufu za elegitoroniki (EMC) bugomba kuba bwarakozwe ku rwego rwa gisirikare.

12.1 Imibare y'Ubugenzuzi bw'Imashini Itunganya Udukoko ya Vienne

Ubudahangarwa bwa PFC yo mu gice cy'imbere bugengwa na sisitemu yo kugenzura ifite imiyoboro ibiri: umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi wo hanze n'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi w'imbere.

• Umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi wo hanze: Ubusanzwe ni umugenzuzi wa Proportional-Integral (PI) ukomeza voltage ya DC bus (ubusanzwe hafi 800V-900V). Ikora ku muvuduko muto (urugero, 50Hz-100Hz) kugira ngo ifungure transients za grid.
• Umuyoboro w'Imbere w'Umuyoboro: Umuyoboro w'umuvuduko wo hejuru (ukora kuri 50kHz-100kHz) utuma umuriro w'amashanyarazi winjira ukurikiza urwego rwa sinusoidal rwa voltage y'amashanyarazi yinjira. Mu byuma 180kW, dushyira mu bikorwaUbwinshi bw'ingufu z'ubugari bw'ingufu z'ikirere (SVPWM)kugira ngo habeho kunoza urukurikirane rw'impinduka, hagabanywe uburyo bwose bwo guhindagurika kw'amajwi (THD) n'ibihombo byo guhinduranya.

12.2 Igishushanyo mbonera cya EMI/EMC cy’inganda

Ahantu hakorerwa inganda haba hari urusaku. Ishaje ya 180kW ntigomba kurwanya urusaku rwo hanze gusa, ahubwo igomba no kugenzura ko ihinduranya ryayo rikoresha frequency nyinshi ritabangamira ibikoresho by’ibyambu cyangwa sisitemu z’itumanaho ry’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro.

• Filters z'uburyo bwo gutandukanya ibice bitatu (DM): Gukoresha ibice bya nanocrystalline bifite ubushobozi bwo kwinjira cyane mu gufunga imikorere ya common-mode kugira ngo bihagarike urusaku rufite ubushobozi bwo hejuru.
• Ibikoresho bya X na Y: Gushyira capacitors za X2 na Y2 ku butaka mu buryo bw’ibanga bituma urusaku rw’uburyo busanzwe ruterwa no guhinduranya SiC MOSFET yihuta cyane rugera ku butaka bwa chassis mu mutekano, byujuje ibisabwa bya CISPR 11 Class A (Inganda).
• Gukingira no Kwishyira mu Kato: Transformateur y'iyi module y'amashanyarazi ikoreshaFaraday Shieldhagati y’imizunguruko y’ibanze n’iy’inyongera. Uru rukuta rw’umuringa rushingiye ku butaka rugabanya cyane uburyo urusaku ruva ku gipimo cy’ibanze gifite ingufu nyinshi rujya ku gipimo cy’inyongera cy’inyuma cy’imodoka.

12.3 Magnetike zigezweho: Igishushanyo mbonera cya Transformer na Inductor

Muri module ya 60kW, transformer ifite frequency yo hejuru ni imbogamizi ikomeye ku bushyuhe n'imikorere myiza.

• Ubwubatsi bw'Insinga za Litz: Kugira ngo turwanye ingaruka z'uruhu n'ingaruka zo kuba hafi yarwo kuri frequencies zo guhinduranya 100kHz+, dukoresha insinga ya Litz ifite imigozi myinshi. Ibi bituma umuriro ukwirakwira neza mu gice cy'insinga, bigabanura igihombo cyo kurwanya.
• Guhitamo Ferrite Core: Dukoresha N97 cyangwa ibikoresho bisa nabyo bya MnZn ferrite bidatakaza cyane, byagenewe gukoreshwa mu buryo bwihariye ku ngufu zidafite igihombo kinini ku bushyuhe buri hejuru (kugeza kuri 100°C).

Igice cya 13: Ubwubatsi bwa Porogaramu na Sisitemu Zikora mu Gihe Nyacyo (RTOS)

"Ubwonko" bwa charger ya 180kW ubusanzwe ni sisitemu ya poroseseri nyinshi. Imiterere isanzwe irimo DSP (Digital Signal Processor) ifite imikorere yo hejuru yo kugenzura ingufu na poroseseri ya ARM ishingiye kuri Linux yo gutumanaho no gukoresha UI.

13.1 DSP Layer: Moteri yo kugenzura mu gihe nyacyo

DSP (urugero, TI C2000 series) ikoresha RTOS y'icyuma cyambaye ubusa cyangwa igikoresho cyo gushyira ibintu mu buryo kigezweho cyane.

• Imirimo y'ingenzi: Gukora PWM, gupima voltage/amashanyarazi muri ADC, no kurinda amakosa (Volte-Extra-Voltage, Over-Current, Over-Temperature). Iyi mirimo ifite ibisabwa "bigoye mu gihe nyacyo" - gutinda na mikorosegonda 10 bishobora gutuma ibikoresho byangirika.
• Indishyi z'igihe cyapfuye: Porogaramu igomba gucunga neza igihe "cyapfuye" hagati yo kuzimya MOSFET imwe no kuzimya umufatanyabikorwa wayo mu gice cy'ikiraro kugira ngo hirindwe ko "imigezi inyuramo".

13.2 Urwego rwo ku ruhu: Itumanaho n'imicungire

Poroseseri ya ARM (ikoresha Yocto Linux cyangwa Ubuntu Core) ikemura ibibazo by’imikorere ya EV igezweho.

• Agace ka OCPP: Gucunga itumanaho rya JSON-over-WebSockets hamwe na sisitemu nkuru y'imicungire (CSMS).
• ISO 15118 Itsinda: Gukoresha itumanaho rya TLS ririmo uburinzi bw'imodoka. Ibi birimo guhanahana ibyemezo bya digitale ku mikorere ya "Plug & Charge".
• Ubuyobozi bwa HMI: Gushushanya imiterere y'umukoresha kuri ecran y'inganda ya santimetero 7 cyangwa santimetero 10.

13.3 Gufata amakosa no gukora neza mu isanduku y'umukara

Kugira ngo ikoranabuhanga rikomeze gukora neza, buri shajara ikora nk' "icyuma gifata amakuru ku ndege."

• Ubwibutso Budahindagurika (NVRAM): Sisitemu igenzura ibintu 10.000 bya nyuma, harimo amashusho ya sub-millisecond y'amashanyarazi n'imiterere y'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi mu gihe cy'ikosa. Aya makuru ni ingenzi cyane mu gusuzuma ibibazo by'amashanyarazi mu buryo bwa kure mu birombe by'amabuye y'agaciro.

Igice cya 14: Iyubahirizwa ry'amategeko mpuzamahanga, amahame ngenderwaho, n'isuzuma rikomeye

Kugira ngo ikoreshwe ku isi yose, charger ya 60kW–180kW igomba kunyura mu buryo bugoye bw’ibipimo mpuzamahanga.

14.1 IEC 61851 na IEC 62477

Izi ni zo ngingo z'ibanze ku mutekano wo gushyushya amashanyarazi n'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bikoresha ingufu.

• Guhuza Ubwishingizi bw'Ingufu: Kugenzura neza ko intera iri hagati y’imiyoboro ifite ingufu nyinshi n’ifite ingufu nke ihagije kugira ngo hirindwe ko ubwato bushobora guhagarara, ndetse no mu bidukikije bifite ubushuhe bwinshi mu kigo cy’ubwato.
• Ibipimo by'Ubushyuhe Buhamye: Iyi charger ishyirwa mu cyumba gikoresha ikirere kuri dogere selisiyusi 55 kandi igakora ku ngufu zuzuye za 180kW mu gihe cy'amasaha 72. Igice icyo ari cyo cyose kirenze ubushyuhe bwacyo gishyirwa ku rutonde rwo kuyivugurura.

14.2 UL 2202 n'ibisabwa muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru

Ku isoko ryo muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru, icyemezo cya UL 2202 ni cyo gipimo cy'agaciro cya DC fast chargers.

• Uburinzi bw'abakozi: Ibisabwa kuri ground-fault circuit interruptors (GFCI) zishobora kumenya imiyoboro ya AC na DC (ubwoko bwa B RCD).
• Ingaruka n'ubushyuhe: Agace gakingiye kagomba kwihanganira igeragezwa ry'icyuma cya kilometero 5 kandi kagakorwa mu bikoresho bifite amanota ya UL 94-V0 (kwizimya).

14.3 Isuzuma ry'imikoranire hagati y'abantu ku giti cyabo (“Golden Sample”)

Kwizerwa si ukugira ngo ibikoresho bitangirika gusa, ahubwo ni ukugira ngo charger itangire neza imyitozo ya buri modoka.

• Ibirori bya CharIN Interop: Abakora imodoka bajyana 180kW zabo kuri “Testivals” aho bapimirwa kuri buri moteri ya EV iboneka—kuva kuri Tesla na VW kugeza kuri bisi zikoresha amashanyarazi za BYD na Proterra. Ibi byemeza ko uburyo bwo “guherekeza” buhamye mu bijyanye n’uburyo imodoka zitandukanye zisobanura amahame ya ISO 15118 cyangwa DIN 70121.

Igice cya 15: Isesengura ry'Ibiciro by'Ubuzima (LCO) n'Ishoramari ry'Ingufu ku Bigo by'Inganda

Iyo icyambu cyangwa ikirombe bipimye charger ya 180kW, bitarenze igiciro cya mbere cyo kugura (CAPEX) ahubwo bireba ikiguzi cyose cy'ubuzima (LCO).

15.1 CAPEX vs. OPEX mu bidukikije bikomeye

Gutanga amashanyarazi “ahendutse” bishobora kugura $20.000, ariko iyo bisaba gusurwa inshuro ebyiri mu mwaka kandi ikanakoresha $2.000 y’amashanyarazi apfa ubusa bitewe n’imikorere mibi, ihita ihenda kurusha $30.000 ikoreshwa cyane.

• Ingaruka ku mikorere myiza: Itandukaniro rya 1% mu mikorere myiza ya shaje ya 180kW ikora amasaha 10 ku munsi rigaragaza 6,570 kWh by'ingufu zipfa ubusa ku mwaka. Mu gihe cy'imyaka 10, ibi ni 65,700 kWh—bifite agaciro ka $9,800 ku giciro cy'inganda.
• Amafaranga yo kuzigama mu kubungabunga: Igishushanyo mbonera cya modular "Hot-Swap" kigabanya impuzandengo y'igihe cyo guhamagara serivisi kuva ku masaha 4 (ku gice cy'imodoka imwe) kikagera ku minota 30, bigabanura cyane ikiguzi cy'abakozi.

15.2 Agaciro ko kongera kugurisha no kongera ubushobozi bwo kugurisha

Kubera ko urwego rwa 60kW-180kW rukoresha uburyo bwa modular power block, ibice by'imbere bishobora kuvugururwa uko ikoranabuhanga rigenda ritera imbere. Ishami rya 120kW ryo mu 2024 rishobora kuvugururwa muri 2028 rifite module za SiC zifite ubucucike bwinshi kugira ngo ribe igikoresho cya 240kW, bikongera igihe cy'ubuzima bw'akabati n'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi mu gihe cy'imyaka icumi.

Igice cya 16: Ikoranabuhanga rigezweho rya Cable na Connector kuri High-Current DC

Mu rwego rw'ingufu za 180kW, imikoranire ifatika hagati y'icyuma gitanga umuriro n'ikinyabiziga—insinga n'umuhuza—iba ingenzi mu by'ubuhanga. Ku 180kW na 400V, ingufu zirenga 450A, ibi bikaba birenze ubushobozi bw'insinga zisanzwe zikonjeshwa n'umwuka.

16.1 Insinga zo gusharija zikonjeshejwe n'amazi

Kugira ngo insinga zikomeze gucungwa no koroherwa n'umukoresha, insinga zizewe cyane za 180kW zikunze gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ry'insinga zikonjeshwa n'amazi.

• Imiyoboro yo gukonjesha imbere: Insinga irimo imiyoboro ibiri ikora umuyaga (itanga kandi igasubiza) izenguruka uruvange rw'amazi na glycol mu buryo butaziguye ku dupira tw'amazi turi mu mutwe w'icyuma gihuza.
• Kugabanya ibiro: Gukonjesha amazi bituma igice cy'umuringa kigabanuka kugeza kuri 50% ugereranije n'insinga ikonjeshwa n'umwuka ifite igipimo kimwe cy'ubushyuhe, bigatuma byorohera cyane umushoferi kuyitwara.
• Gukurikirana ubushyuhe: Buri pin ihuza umuriro ishyirwamo PT1000 cyangwa NTC thermistor ifite ubuhanga bwo hejuru. Iyo ubushyuhe aho bugera burenze 90°C (kubera ko imodoka yashaje), chargeur ihita ihindura ingufu z'amashanyarazi kugira ngo idashonga cyangwa ngo ishyuhe.

16.2 Uburyo bwo gucunga no gukuraho insinga

Mu byambu no mu birombe, insinga zikunze gukoreshwa nabi mu buryo bwa mekanike—zigatwarwa n'amakamyo cyangwa zigakururwa mu byondo bikomeye.

• Retractor zikoresha moteri: Sitasiyo zizewe cyane zikoresha sisitemu zo gucunga insinga zikoresha imashini zikoresha moteri cyangwa moteri zituma insinga zitagira aho zijya iyo zidakoreshwa.
• Imibanire yacitse: Kugira ngo hirindwe akabati gatanga charger ku mpanuka zo "gutwara" (aho umushoferi yibagiwe gukuramo umuriro), hashyirwaho udukoresho twa rukuruzi cyangwa twa mekanike two gucikamo. Ibi bituma insinga icika neza idakoresheje amashanyarazi y'imbere.

Igice cya 17: Umutekano w'ikoranabuhanga mu bikorwa remezo by'inganda

Uko amashanyarazi ya EV ashyirwa muri sisitemu y'igihugu y'itumanaho n'ibikoresho bya port, aba ari yo ashobora kwibasirwa n'ibitero bya cyber. Kuri sitasiyo y'inganda ya 180kW, umutekano ntabwo ari ukwita ku buzima bwite bw'amakuru gusa; ahubwo ni ukwirinda "Kwangiza umubiri binyuze kuri porogaramu."

17.1 Uburyo bwo kurinda ibikoresho (HSM) n'uburyo bwo kubyutsa umutekano

Imashini zigezweho zikoresha charger za 180kW zikoresha microcontrollers zifite HSMs zihujwe.

• Boot Ifite Umutekano: Igihe cyose charger itangiye, igenzura umukono wa digitale wa firmware yayo. Iyo kode yahinduwe, sisitemu ntizatangira, bikabuza ko module z'amashanyarazi zigenzurwa mu buryo butemewe.
• Ububiko Buhishe: Amakuru yose y’ingenzi, harimo n’ibyangombwa bya OCPP n’ibyemezo bya TLS bya Plug & Charge, abikwa mu bice bihishe bitagerwaho n’abajura b’ikoranabuhanga.

17.2 Amakuru agezweho mu buryo bwizewe mu kirere (OTA)

Kwizerwa bisaba ubushobozi bwo gukosora amakosa no kuvugurura porogaramu za mudasobwa ukoresheje interineti uri kure.

• Amakuru agezweho ya Banki ebyiri: Sisitemu ifite kopi ebyiri za firmware (A na B). Ivugurura ryandikiwe Banki B mu gihe Banki A ikomeza gukora. Nyuma yo kwemeza ivugurura ni bwo sisitemu "ihindura" verisiyo nshya. Iyo verisiyo nshya inaniwe, ihita isubira kuri Banki A izwiho, ikagenzura ko charger itigeze "ihinduka".

Igice cya 18: Uburinzi bw'amashanyarazi, Gutera ubutaka, n'imiterere y'urusobe rw'amashanyarazi

Ahantu hakorerwa inganda akenshi haba hari imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi idasanzwe. Ishaje ya 180kW igomba kuba ihujwe n'uburyo butandukanye bwo gusimbuza.

18.1 TN, TT, na IT Grid ihuye

• Imiyoboro ya TN na TT: Bikunze kugaragara mu duce tw'ubucuruzi, aho ahantu hadafite aho habogamiye hashingiye.
• Imiyoboro y'ikoranabuhanga: Akenshi iboneka mu birombe no mu buryo bw'amashanyarazi buva mu bwato bujya ku nkombe. Muri grid ya IT, icyuma kitagira aho gihuriye n'ubutaka ntabwo gikoreshwa, bigatuma habaho "ikosa rya mbere" aho ikosa rimwe ry'ubutaka ritabangamira icyuma gicamo. Ishaja ya 180kW igomba kuba irimo transformer cyangwa uburyo bwihariye bwo kugenzura insulation bushobora gukora neza muri ubu buryo "buhora buhindagurika".

18.2 Guhagarika kwiyongera kw'ibipimo byinshi (SPD)

Bitewe n'uburebure bwabyo n'uburyo bigaragara mu byambu bifunguye cyangwa mu birombe, charger ni "magnets y'umurabyo."

• Uburinzi bw'Indashyikirwa: Dushyira mu bikorwa SPD zo mu bwoko bwa 1 aho AC yinjirira kugira ngo dushobore guhangana n’inkuba zikubita mu buryo butaziguye, hanyuma SPD zo mu bwoko bwa 2 aho buri module y’amashanyarazi yinjira kugira ngo dushobore gushungura transients zisigaye.
• Uburinzi bwo ku ruhande rwa DC: Kubera ko insinga ndende zo gusharija zishobora gukora nka antene zo gukoresha electromagnetic pulses (EMP), DC SPDs zabugenewe zishyirwa kuri bus isohora kugira ngo zirinde bateri y'imodoka inkuba ziri hafi aho.

Igice cya 19: Uburyo bwo guhuza abantu n'imashini (HMI) n'igishushanyo mbonera cy'ikoranabuhanga

Ubunararibonye bw'abakoresha mu cyambu cyangwa mu kirombe butandukanye cyane n'ubw'isoko ry'ubucuruzi.

19.1 Ecran zo mu nganda zo gukoraho

• Igikorwa cyo gushyira uturindantoki ku gahanga: Utwuma duto two mu bwoko bwa "capacitive" cyangwa "resistive" dukoreshwa mu gukora neza ndetse n'igihe umukoresha yambaye uturindantoki twinshi two mu nganda.
• Umucyo mwinshi cyane: Ifite amanota arenga 1000 y'ubudodo n'amabara arwanya ubwiza, ecran ikomeza gusomwa nubwo izuba rikaze rya saa sita ryo mu cyaro cyo muri Ositaraliya.
• Guhagarara mu gihe cy'impanuka: Akabuto kanini ka E-Stop ko mu buryo bwa mushroom gahora gahari, gafite insinga zikomeye mu gice cya contactor, kanyura muri porogaramu burundu kugira ngo gahita gafungwa.

19.2 Uburyo bwo kugera ku bantu no kubahiriza amategeko ya ADA

Ndetse no mu nganda, ubwisanzure burimo kuba ngombwa.

• Uburebure bw'Imisozi: Ecran n'udukingirizo tw'imodoka bishyirwa ahantu hirengeye abantu bashobora kuhagera bari mu magare y'abamugaye, hujuje ibisabwa na ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act) cyangwa andi mabwiriza mpuzamahanga asa nayo.
• Ubuyobozi bw'Ijwi n'Ibimenyetso Bigaragara: Impeta za LED zikomeye cyane zikikije imiyoboro itanga amakuru asobanutse neza (Icyatsi kibisi cyo kwitegura, Ubururu bwo kwishyuza, Umutuku wo kwishyuza), zigaragara muri metero 50 uvuye aho ubwato bukorera.

Igice cya 20: Ubukungu Buzenguruka n'Inganda Zirambye

Mu gihe tugeze kuri za miliyoni z'amashanyarazi, ingaruka z'ibikorwa remezo ubwabyo zigomba kwitabwaho ku bidukikije.

20.1 Uburyo bwo kongera gukoresha module z'amashanyarazi

Imashini zishyushya 180kW zizewe cyane zagenewe ubuzima bw'imyaka 15, ariko ibice byazo biri imbere bifite ubuzima butandukanye.

• Kuvugurura imiterere y'imodoka: Aho gukuraho charger yose, chassis ya aluminiyumu iragumana, kandi amashanyarazi yo imbere ni yo yoherezwa gusa kugira ngo yongere gukoreshwa no kuvugururwa.
• Ibikoresho Bitagira Amakimbirane: Abakora ibicuruzwa barimo kugenzura cyane imiyoboro yabo y'ibikoresho kugira ngo barebe ko ibyuma by'umuringa, ifeza, n'ibikomoka ku ruganda bikoreshwa mu gushyushya ibicuruzwa bituruka mu buryo bw'amategeko.

20.2 Uburyo bwo guhagarara bukoresha ingufu nke

Shajara ya 180kW ishobora kumara 50% by'igihe cyayo idakora.

• Uburyo bwo gusinzira: Mu gihe cyo gutegereza, modules zifite ingufu nyinshi ziba zifunguye burundu, hagasigara gusa umuyoboro wa ARM ufite ingufu nke ukora. Ibi bigabanya "umuyoboro wa vampire" kuva kuri 500W ukagera munsi ya 10W, bikagabanya ingufu nyinshi mu bikorwa remezo binini.

Umugereka A: Urutonde rw'ibipimo byo kubungabunga 180kW zo mu nganda

Kugira ngo igishushanyo mbonera kigumeho imyaka 15, hakenewe gahunda yo kubungabunga iyubatse neza.

• Buri kwezi: Kugenzura insinga mu maso kugira ngo harebwe niba hari ibikomere cyangwa imivune; kugenzura imikorere ya HMI.
• Buri gihembwe: Gusukura ibyuma bisukura umwuka; kugenzura niba nta myanda iri mu miyoboro ikonjesha.
• Buri mwaka: Gukomeza imiyoboro yose y'amashanyarazi ifite ingufu nyinshi (gusuzuma torque); gupima amashanyarazi n'ibipimo by'amashanyarazi; gupima sisitemu z'umutekano za RCD na IMD.
• Buri mwaka kabiri: Igenzura ryuzuye rya firmware na porogaramu y'umutekano; gusimbuza fans iyo ari yo yose ikora neza hafi ya MTBF yabo y'amasaha 50.000.

Umugereka B: Incamake y'ibisobanuro bya tekiniki

Incamake ya nyuma n'umwanzuro

Gukoresha ibikorwa remezo bya DC Fast Charging bifite 60kW kugeza kuri 180kW ni ingenzi cyane mu mpinduka mpuzamahanga mu kugenda kw'amashanyarazi mu buryo bukomeye. Binyuze mu guhuza imiterere igezweho nka Vienna Rectifier na SiC-based DC-DC converters, hamwe n'ibice bikonjeshwa n'amazi hamwe n'amashanyarazi ashobora guhindurwa mu buryo bushyushye, inganda zageze ku ngero eshatu zidasanzwe: ubucucike bw'ingufu, imikorere myiza, no kwizerwa cyane mu bidukikije bikomeye ku isi.

Impamvu uru rwego rw'ibikoresho byo gushyushya ari ingenzi

Ku byambu, ibirombe, n'inganda, ubwoko bwa 60-180kW ntabwo ari ikintu cyoroshye—ni ahantu heza ho gukora ubwubatsi. Butanga umuriro wose mu ijoro ku bikoresho biremereye no kongeramo byihuse saa sita ku modoka nto, hatabayeho ikiguzi cyo guhindura gridi y'amashanyarazi no guhindagurika k'ubushyuhe nk'uko sisitemu zo mu rwego rwa megawati zibikora. Bukora aho ibindi bikoresho bitabasha: mu kirere cyuzuye umunyu ku nkombe, mu birombe bifunguye bifunze, no mu bushyuhe buva kuri -30°C kugeza kuri +55°C. Kandi kubera ko imiterere ari iy'uburyo, icyuma cya 60kW gishobora gukura kikagera kuri 120kW cyangwa 180kW cyongeyeho amashanyarazi, kirinda ishoramari rya mbere.

Amasezerano yo Kwizerwa

Amashami yo kubungabunga yanditswe mu Mugereka A—gusukura firigo buri gihembwe, kugenzura torque buri mwaka, gupima sensor, no kugenzura firmware kabiri mu mwaka—si ubwishingizi bw’ubuyobozi. Ni itandukaniro riri hagati y’isharangi itanga serivisi y’imyaka 15 n’indi inanirwa mu mwaka wa gatatu. Huza ayo mashami n’imbonerahamwe y’ibipimo iri mu Mugereka B, maze injeniyeri uwo ari we wese w’ahantu afite byose bikenewe kugira ngo asobanure, ashyireho, kandi akomeze izi sisitemu neza.

Gutegereza imbere

Uko ibyambu bikoresha amashanyarazi mu modoka zabo za RTG n'imodoka zitwara imizigo, kandi ibirombe bihindura amakamyo yabo yo gutwara imizigo, icyifuzo cyo gushyushya vuba DC mu buryo bukomeye kandi buciriritse kiziyongera cyane. Urubuga rw'ikoranabuhanga ruvugwa muri iyi nyandiko—ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bikoresha modular, gukonjesha amazi ku rugero rwo hejuru, IP55/IK10 enclosures, hamwe no gucunga kure hakoreshejwe OCPP—ni rwo rubuga ruzava ku magare y'igerageza y'uyu munsi kugeza ku bikorwa by'inganda z'amashanyarazi byuzuye ejo.

Ubukungu bwo Gukwirakwiza mu Mirimo mu By'Ikoranabuhanga

Tekereza ku gikorwa cyo gucukura amabuye y'agaciro kiri hagati gikoresha amakamyo makumyabiri atwara imizigo. Imashini ikonjeshwa n'amazi ya 180kW ishobora kongeramo amashanyarazi angana na 60-80% mu gihe cyo guhindura shashi y'umushoferi, mu gihe imiterere ya modular isobanura ko aho hantu hatangira hari ibice bine bikagera kuri umunani uko imodoka zihinduka. Gereranya ibi n'ikibuga cy'ubwato gishyiramo kontineri: hano, urubuga rumwe rwa 180kW, rushyizwe ku gipfunyika gifite BESS, rushobora kugabanya umutwaro muri sitasiyo no kugeza umuriro ku bicuruzwa hagati y'imashini zisimburana nta amp imwe y'ubushobozi bushya bw'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi. Muri ibyo bihe byombi, ubukungu buterwa n'amahitamo amwe y'imiterere: ibyuma by'amashanyarazi bya modular bipima ubushobozi ukurikije uko bikenewe, gukonjesha amazi bikomeza 500A mu mwuka uri hagati ya +45°C, n'ibizingo bya IP55/IK10 birokoka igihe amazi yangiritse n'ingaruka—ibipimo bitandukanya ibikoresho byo mu rwego rw'inganda n'ibikoresho by'ubucuruzi byambaye irangi ry'inganda.

Ibintu by'ingenzi byakunzwe

• Ubwoko bwa DC charger yihuta ya 60-180kW butanga uburinganire bwiza bw'umuvuduko, ubuziranenge ku miyoboro y'amashanyarazi, no gukomera ku byambu, ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, n'inganda.
• Vienna Rectifier + LLC + SiC topology igira umusaruro mwiza wa 95.5-96.5% mu gihe ikoresha imiterere ifunze, idafunze kandi ikonjeshwa n'amazi.
• Ibyuma by'amashanyarazi bya modular bituma ahantu hashobora kwaguka kuva kuri 60kW kugeza kuri 180kW hatabayeho gusimbuza imigozi cyangwa kongera gushyiramo insinga.
• Gahunda yo kubungabunga ibintu mu buryo bunoze (buri gihembwe/buri mwaka/buri mwaka kabiri) ni yo garanti nyakuri y'uko bizamara imyaka myinshi mu bihe bigoye.

Contact MIDA Power inzobere mu gusharija vuba vuba kwa DC mu nganda, kuva kuri 60kW ikoreshwa mu gukonjesha umwuka kugeza kuri 180kW ikoreshwa mu gukonjesha amazi, byose bifite imiyoboro ya IP55/IK10, imikorere y'ubushyuhe bwinshi, no gucunga neza OCPP. Hamagara itsinda ryacu ry'abahanga kugira ngo ubone urupapuro rwuzuye rugaragaza ibipimo, inyandiko zo kubungabunga, n'igiciro gihuye n'igihe cy'akazi k'urubuga rwawe.