Chii chinonzi PnC uye ruzivo rwakabatana nezvePnC ecosystem

Chii chinonzi PnC uye ruzivo rwakabatana nezvePnC ecosystem

I. Chii chinonzi PnC? PnC:

Plug uye Charge (inowanzo kupfupikiswa sePnC) inopa varidzi vemotokari yemagetsi zviri nyore kuchaja chiitiko. Basa rePnC rinogonesa kuchaja uye kubhadharisa mota dzemagetsi nekungoisa pfuti yekuchaja muchiteshi chekuchaja chemotokari, zvisingade mamwe matanho, makadhi emuviri, kana kusimbiswa kwemvumo yeapp. Pamusoro pezvo, PnC inogonesa kuchaja pazviteshi zviri kunze kwenetiweki yemotokari, ichipa zvakakosha kune avo vari kufamba nzendo refu. Kugona uku kunoratidza kunyanya kukwezva mumisika yakaita seEuropean Union neUnited States, uko varidzi vanowanzoshandisa mota dzemagetsi pakufamba kwezororo munyika dzakawanda nematunhu.

II. Parizvino Mamiriro uye Ecosystem yePnC Parizvino, mashandiro ePnC anofambiswa zvinoenderana neISO 15118 standard inomiririra yakachengeteka yekuchaja mhinduro zvichitevera kutorwa kwakawanda kwemotokari dzemagetsi. Iyo zvakare inoumba inotungamira-kumucheto tekinoroji uye ecosystem yemusika wekuchaja ramangwana.

Plug uye Charge parizvino irikuitwa kugamuchirwa muEurope neNorth America, nehuwandu hwePlug uye Charge-inogonesa mota dzemagetsi dziri kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma. Mishumo yeindasitiri yekumhiri kwemakungwa inoratidza kuti sevagadziri vezvigadzirwa zvekutanga zveEuropean neNorth America vanogadzira Plug uye Charge ecosystems uye nekubatanidza Plug uye Charge masevhisi mumotokari dzavo dzemagetsi, huwandu hwemotokari dzemagetsi dzePlug neCharge mumugwagwa zvakapetwa katatu muna 2023, kuwana zana rekukura kubva paQ3 kusvika Q4. Makuru ekutanga ekugadzira michina kubva kuEurope, North America, neAsia vakazvipira kuunza yakasarudzika yekuchaja ruzivo kune vatengi vavo, paine varidzi vemotokari dzemagetsi vazhinji vari kutsvaga kushanda kwePnC mumotokari dzavakatenga. Huwandu hwenzvimbo dzekuchaja veruzhinji dzinoshandisa PnC dzawedzera. Mishumo yeHubject inoratidza kuwedzera kwezvikamu zvekuchaja kwevanhu vachishandisa PnC mashandiro muEurope neNorth America muna 2022. Pakati peQ2 neQ3, mvumo yakabudirira yakapetwa kaviri, nekukura uku kwakatsigirwa muQ4 yese yegore rimwe chete. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti kana vatyairi vemotokari dzemagetsi vangoona zvakanakira PnC kushanda, vanoisa pamberi pekuchaja network inotsigira PnC kune yavo yekuchaja yeruzhinji. Sezvo maCPO makuru achijoinha PKI, huwandu hwemagetsi ekuchaja ma network anotsigira PnC anoramba achikura. (PKI: Public Key Infrastructure, tekinoroji yekusimbisa zvigadziriso zvevashandisi munzvimbo yedhijitari, inoshanda senzvimbo yekuvimba-yakavakirwa papuratifomu) Nhamba iri kuwedzera yeCPOs yava kukwanisa kuzadzisa kudiwa kwePnC-inogonesa veruzhinji yekuchaja mapoinzi. 2022 yakaratidza gore rekuvandudza kune akati wandei makuru eCPO vatori vechikamu. Europe neAmerica vakaratidza hutungamiriri hwavo muEV yekuchaja hunyanzvi nekushandisa tekinoroji yePnC pamasetiweki avo. Aral, Ionity, uye Allego - ese anoshanda akawandisa ekuchaja network - parizvino ari kutangisa uye kupindura kuPnC masevhisi.

Sezvo vakawanda musika vatori vechikamu vanogadzira PnC masevhisi, kushandira pamwe pakati pevatambi vakasiyana kwakakosha kuti uwane miganho uye kudyidzana. Kuburikidza nekushandira pamwe, eMobility iri kuedza kumisa zvakajairwa zviyero uye mapuroteni, kuve nechokwadi chekuti maPKI akasiyana uye ecosystems anogona kushanda pamwechete uye nenzira yakafanana kuti ibatsire indasitiri. Izvi zvinobatsira vatengi kune akasiyana network uye vatengesi. Pakazosvika 2022, mana ekutanga kushandira pamwe akagadzwa: ISO 15118-20 inopa yakanyanya kuchinjika kune vatyairi vemotokari dzemagetsi. Kuve nechokwadi chekutaurirana pasina musono pakati pemotokari dzemagetsi uye zviteshi zvekuchaja, iyo PnC ecosystem inofanirwa kunge yakashongedzerwa zvakakwana kubata ese ISO 15118-2 uye ISO 15118-20 protocol shanduro. ISO 15118-2 ndiyo yazvino chiyero chepasi rose chinotonga kutaurirana kwakananga pakati pemotokari dzemagetsi nezviteshi zvekuchaja. Inotsanangura maprotocol ekutaurirana anosanganisira zviyero zvakaita seyechokwadi, kubhadharisa, uye mvumo.

ISO 15118-20 ndiyo yakagadziridzwa mutsivi chiyero kune ISO 15118-2. Kuitwa kwayo mumusika kunotarisirwa mukati memakore anotevera. Yakagadzirirwa kupa yakawedzera seti yezvishandiso, senge yakawedzera kuchengetedzeka kuchengetedzeka uye bidirectional simba rekufambisa masimba, ayo anogona kushandiswa kune Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) zviyero.

Parizvino, mhinduro dzakavakirwa paISO 15118-2 dziri kuwanikwa mukutengeserana pasi rose, nepo mhinduro dzakavakirwa paiyo itsva ISO 15118-20 chiyero ichizoburitswa muhuwandu mumakore anotevera. Munguva yeshanduko, iyo PnC ecosystem inofanirwa kugadzira uye kushandisa plug-in uye kuchaja data kune ese mataurirwo panguva imwe chete kuti ive nechokwadi chekudyidzana. PnC inogonesa yakachengeteka otomatiki kuzivikanwa uye kubhadharisa mvumo paEV yekubatanidza. Iyi tekinoroji inoshandisa TLS-encrypted PKI public key infrastructure mvumo, inotsigira asymmetric key algorithms, uye inoshandisa zvitupa zvakachengetwa mukati meEVs uye EVSEs sekutsanangurwa kwazvinoitwa neISO 15118. Kutevera kuburitswa kweiyo ISO 15118-20 chiyero, kugamuchirwa kwakapararira kunoda nguva. Nekudaro, kutungamira mabhizinesi emagetsi matsva ari kuwedzera mhiri kwemakungwa akatotanga kuendesa hurongwa. Kushanda kwePnC kunorerutsa chiitiko chekuchaja, kuita maitiro sekubhadhara kadhi rechikwereti, kuongorora maQR makodhi kuburikidza nemaapplication, kana kuvimba nemakadhi eRFID anorasika nyore nyore.