Iyini i-PnC kanye nolwazi oluhlobene mayelana ne-PnC ecosystem

Iyini i-PnC kanye nolwazi oluhlobene mayelana ne-PnC ecosystem

I. Kuyini i-PnC? I-PnC:

I-Plug and Charge (evame ukufushaniswa ngokuthi i-PnC) inikeza abanikazi bezimoto zikagesi ulwazi lokushaja olulula kakhulu. Umsebenzi we-PnC uvumela ukushaja nokukhokhisa izimoto zikagesi ngokumane ufake isibhamu sokushaja echwebeni lokushaja lemoto, kungadingi izinyathelo ezengeziwe, amakhadi angokoqobo, noma ukuqinisekiswa kwemvume yohlelo lokusebenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-PnC ivumela ukushaja eziteshini ezingaphandle kwenethiwekhi evamile yemoto, inikeza izinzuzo ezibalulekile kulabo abathatha uhambo olude. Leli khono libonakala likhanga kakhulu ezimakethe ezifana ne-European Union kanye ne-United States, lapho abanikazi bezimoto zikagesi bevame ukusebenzisa izimoto zabo zikagesi ukuze bahambe ngamaholide emazweni amaningi nasezifundeni.

II. Isimo Samanje kanye ne-Ecosystem ye-PnC Njengamanje, ukusebenza kwe-PnC okulawulwa ngokuhambisana ne-ISO 15118 kumelela ikhambi lokushaja eliphephile kakhulu ngemuva kokwamukelwa kabanzi kwezimoto zikagesi. Futhi kwakha ubuchwepheshe obuhamba phambili kanye ne-ecosystem yemakethe yokushaja yesikhathi esizayo.

I-Plug and Charge okwamanje isetshenziswa kabanzi eYurophu naseNyakatho Melika, njengoba inani lezimoto zikagesi ezisebenzisa i-Plug and Charge likhula kancane kancane. Imibiko yezimboni zaphesheya kwezilwandle ikhombisa ukuthi njengoba abakhiqizi bemishini yokuqala abakhulu baseYurophu naseNyakatho Melika besungula izindawo zemvelo ze-Plug and Charge futhi behlanganisa izinsizakalo ze-Plug and Charge ezimotweni zabo zikagesi, inani lezimoto zikagesi ezisebenzisa i-Plug and Charge emgwaqweni liphindwe kathathu kulo lonke u-2023, lifinyelela ingqophamlando yokukhula okungu-100% kusukela ku-Q3 kuya ku-Q4. Abakhiqizi bemishini yokuqala abakhulu baseYurophu, eNyakatho Melika, nase-Asia bazibophezele ekuletheni ulwazi oluhle kakhulu lokushaja kumakhasimende abo, kanye nabanikazi bezimoto zikagesi abaningi abafuna ukusebenza kwe-PnC ezimotweni zabo abazithengile. Inani lamaphuzu okushaja omphakathi asebenzisa i-PnC liye landa. Imibiko ye-Hubject ikhombisa ukwanda kwezikhathi zokushaja omphakathi ezisebenzisa ukusebenza kwe-PnC kulo lonke elaseYurophu naseNyakatho Melika ngo-2022. Phakathi kwe-Q2 ne-Q3, ukugunyazwa okuphumelelayo kuphindwe kabili, kanti leli zinga lokukhula liqhubeke kulo lonke i-Q4 yonyaka ofanayo. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi uma abashayeli bezimoto zikagesi sebethole izinzuzo zokusebenza kwe-PnC, babeka phambili amanethiwekhi okushaja asekela i-PnC ngezidingo zabo zokushaja omphakathi. Njengoba ama-CPO amakhulu ejoyina i-PKI, inani lamanethiwekhi okushaja izimoto kagesi asekela i-PnC liyaqhubeka nokukhula. (I-PKI: Ingqalasizinda Yokhiye Womphakathi, ubuchwepheshe bokuqinisekisa amadivayisi abasebenzisi endaweni yedijithali, esebenza njengeplatifomu esekelwe ekuthembekeni) Inani elikhulayo lama-CPO manje selikwazi ukuhlangabezana nesidingo sezindawo zokushaja zomphakathi ezisebenzisa i-PnC. Unyaka ka-2022 uphawule unyaka wokusungula izinto ezintsha kubahlanganyeli abaningana abakhulu be-CPO. IYurophu neMelika zibonise ubuholi bazo ekusunguleni okushaja kwe-EV ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-PnC kuwo wonke amanethiwekhi azo. I-Aral, i-Ionity, ne-Allego - zonke ezisebenzisa amanethiwekhi amaningi okushaja - okwamanje ziqalisa futhi ziphendula izinsizakalo ze-PnC.

Njengoba abahlanganyeli abaningi emakethe bethuthukisa izinsizakalo ze-PnC, ukubambisana phakathi kwabathintekayo abahlukene kubalulekile ukuze kufezwe ukulingana kanye nokusebenzisana. Ngokubambisana, i-eMobility ilwela ukusungula amazinga kanye nezinqubo ezifanayo, iqinisekisa ukuthi ama-PKI ahlukene kanye nezinhlelo zemvelo zingasebenza ndawonye futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuze kuzuze imboni. Lokhu kuzuzisa abathengi kumanethiwekhi ahlukene kanye nabaphakeli. Ngo-2022, kwase kusungulwe izindlela ezine eziyinhloko zokusebenzisana: I-ISO 15118-20 inikeza ukuguquguquka okuphezulu kwabashayeli bezimoto zikagesi. Ukuqinisekisa ukuxhumana okungenamthungo phakathi kwezimoto zikagesi neziteshi zokushaja, uhlelo lwe-PnC kumele luhlonyiswe ngokugcwele ukuphatha zombili izinhlobo zephrothokholi ze-ISO 15118-2 kanye ne-ISO 15118-20. I-ISO 15118-2 iyindinganiso yomhlaba wonke yamanje elawula ukuxhumana okuqondile phakathi kwezimoto zikagesi neziteshi zokushaja. Icacisa izinqubo zokuxhumana ezihlanganisa amazinga afana nokuqinisekisa, ukukhokhisa, kanye nokugunyazwa.

I-ISO 15118-20 iyindinganiso evuselelwe eyalandela i-ISO 15118-2. Ukuqaliswa kwayo emakethe kulindeleke eminyakeni ezayo. Yenzelwe ukuhlinzeka ngesethi enwetshiwe yemisebenzi, njengokuphepha kokuxhumana okuthuthukisiwe kanye namakhono okudlulisa amandla aqondene nezinhlangothi ezimbili, angasetshenziswa ezindinganisweni ze-Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G).

Njengamanje, izixazululo ezisekelwe ku-ISO 15118-2 zitholakala emhlabeni jikelele, kanti izixazululo ezisekelwe ku-ISO 15118-20 standard entsha zizokhishwa ngevolumu eminyakeni ezayo. Ngesikhathi sokuguquka, uhlelo lwe-PnC kumele lukwazi ukudala nokusebenzisa idatha ye-plug-in kanye neyokushaja kokubili ukucaciswa ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuqinisekisa ukusebenzisana. I-PnC inika amandla okuhlonza okuzenzakalelayo kanye nokugunyazwa kokushaja lapho kuxhunywa i-EV. Lobu buchwepheshe busebenzisa ukugunyazwa kwengqalasizinda yokhiye womphakathi ye-PKI ebethelwe nge-TLS, busekela ama-algorithm okhiye angalingani, futhi busebenzisa izitifiketi ezigcinwe ngaphakathi kwama-EV kanye nama-EVSE njengoba kuchazwe yi-ISO 15118. Ngemva kokukhishwa kwendinganiso ye-ISO 15118-20, ukwamukelwa kabanzi kuzodinga isikhathi. Kodwa-ke, amabhizinisi amakhulu amandla amasha asekhaya akhula phesheya kwezilwandle aseqalile ukuthunyelwa ngamasu. Ukusebenza kwe-PnC kwenza kube lula ulwazi lokushaja, kwenza imikhuba efana nokukhokha amakhadi esikweletu, ukuskena amakhodi e-QR ngezinhlelo zokusebenza, noma ukuthembela kumakhadi e-RFID alahlekile kalula aphelelwe yisikhathi.