Menene PnC da bayanai masu alaƙa game da yanayin PnC

Menene PnC da bayanai masu alaƙa game da yanayin PnC

I. Menene PnC? PnC:

Plug and Charge (wanda aka fi sani da PnC) yana bawa masu motocin lantarki damar samun sauƙin caji. Aikin PnC yana ba da damar caji da biyan kuɗi ga motocin lantarki ta hanyar saka bindigar caji a cikin tashar caji ta motar, ba tare da buƙatar ƙarin matakai, katunan zahiri, ko tabbatar da izinin app ba. Bugu da ƙari, PnC yana ba da damar caji a tashoshi a wajen hanyar sadarwar abin hawa ta yau da kullun, yana ba da fa'idodi masu yawa ga waɗanda ke yin tafiye-tafiye masu nisa. Wannan ikon yana da kyau musamman a kasuwanni kamar Tarayyar Turai da Amurka, inda masu mallakar galibi suna amfani da motocin lantarki don tafiye-tafiyen hutu a cikin ƙasashe da yankuna da yawa.

II. Yanayin Yanzu da Tsarin Yanayi na PnC A halin yanzu, aikin PnC da aka gudanar bisa ga ƙa'idar ISO 15118 yana wakiltar mafita mafi aminci ta caji bayan an yi amfani da motocin lantarki sosai. Hakanan ya ƙunshi fasaha da yanayin muhalli mafi kyau don kasuwar caji ta gaba.

A halin yanzu ana amfani da Plug and Charge a Turai da Arewacin Amurka, inda adadin motocin lantarki masu amfani da Plug and Charge ke ƙaruwa akai-akai. Rahotannin masana'antu a ƙasashen waje sun nuna cewa yayin da manyan masana'antun kayan aiki na asali na Turai da Arewacin Amurka ke kafa tsarin Plug and Charge kuma suna haɗa ayyukan Plug and Charge cikin motocin lantarki, adadin motocin lantarki masu amfani da Plug and Charge a kan hanya ya ninka sau uku a cikin 2023, wanda ya cimma nasarar ci gaba da kashi 100% daga kwata na uku zuwa kwata na huɗu. Manyan masana'antun kayan aiki na asali daga Turai, Arewacin Amurka, da Asiya sun himmatu wajen samar da ƙwarewar caji ta musamman ga abokan cinikinsu, tare da ƙarin masu motocin lantarki da ke neman aikin PnC a cikin motocin da suka saya. Adadin wuraren caji na jama'a da ke amfani da PnC ya ƙaru. Rahotannin Hubject sun nuna ƙaruwa a zaman caji na jama'a ta amfani da aikin PnC a faɗin Turai da Arewacin Amurka a 2022. Tsakanin kwata na biyu da kwata na uku, izini masu nasara sun ninka, tare da wannan ƙimar ci gaba da aka ci gaba a cikin kwata na huɗu na wannan shekarar. Wannan yana nuna cewa da zarar direbobin motocin lantarki sun gano fa'idodin aikin PnC, suna ba da fifiko ga hanyoyin sadarwa na caji waɗanda ke tallafawa PnC don buƙatun caji na jama'a. Yayin da manyan CPOs ke shiga PKI, adadin hanyoyin sadarwar caji na ababen hawa na lantarki da ke tallafawa PnC yana ci gaba da ƙaruwa. (PKI: Public Key Infrastructure, fasaha don tabbatar da na'urorin masu amfani a duniyar dijital, suna aiki a matsayin dandamali mai dogaro) Yawan CPOs yanzu suna iya biyan buƙatar wuraren caji na jama'a da PnC ke tallafawa. 2022 ta zama shekara ta kirkire-kirkire ga manyan mahalarta CPO da yawa. Turai da Amurka sun nuna jagorancinsu a cikin kirkire-kirkire na caji na EV ta hanyar aiwatar da fasahar PnC a duk hanyoyin sadarwar su. Aral, Ionity, da Allego - duk suna gudanar da manyan hanyoyin sadarwa na caji - a halin yanzu suna ƙaddamar da kuma mayar da martani ga ayyukan PnC.

Yayin da mahalarta kasuwa da yawa ke haɓaka ayyukan PnC, haɗin gwiwa tsakanin masu ruwa da tsaki daban-daban yana da matuƙar muhimmanci don cimma daidaito da haɗin kai. Ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa, eMobility tana ƙoƙarin kafa ƙa'idodi da ka'idoji iri ɗaya, don tabbatar da cewa PKIs daban-daban da yanayin halittu na iya aiki tare kuma a lokaci guda don amfanin masana'antar. Wannan yana amfanar masu amfani a cikin hanyoyin sadarwa daban-daban da masu samar da kayayyaki. Nan da shekarar 2022, an kafa manyan aiwatarwa guda huɗu na haɗin gwiwa: ISO 15118-20 yana ba da matsakaicin sassauci ga direbobin motocin lantarki. Don tabbatar da sadarwa mara matsala tsakanin motocin lantarki da tashoshin caji, tsarin PnC dole ne ya kasance cikakke don sarrafa nau'ikan yarjejeniyar ISO 15118-2 da ISO 15118-20. ISO 15118-2 shine ma'aunin duniya na yanzu wanda ke jagorantar sadarwa kai tsaye tsakanin motocin lantarki da tashoshin caji. Yana ƙayyade ka'idojin sadarwa waɗanda suka ƙunshi ƙa'idodi kamar tantancewa, biyan kuɗi, da izini.

ISO 15118-20 shine sabon ma'aunin da zai maye gurbin ISO 15118-2. Ana sa ran aiwatar da shi a kasuwa cikin shekaru masu zuwa. An tsara shi don samar da faffadan ayyuka, kamar inganta tsaron sadarwa da ikon canja wurin wutar lantarki a hanyoyi biyu, wanda za a iya amfani da shi don ƙa'idodin Mota-zuwa-Grid (V2G).

A halin yanzu, mafita bisa ga ISO 15118-2 suna samuwa a duk duniya a kasuwa, yayin da mafita bisa ga sabon ma'aunin ISO 15118-20 za a fitar da su a cikin girma a cikin shekaru masu zuwa. A lokacin sauyin yanayi, tsarin PnC dole ne ya sami damar ƙirƙira da amfani da bayanan toshewa da caji don ƙayyadaddun bayanai guda biyu a lokaci guda don tabbatar da haɗin kai. PnC yana ba da damar ganowa ta atomatik da izinin caji mai tsaro lokacin haɗin EV. Wannan fasaha tana amfani da izinin kayan aikin maɓallan jama'a na PKI da aka ɓoye ta TLS, tana tallafawa algorithms na maɓallan marasa daidaituwa, kuma tana amfani da takaddun shaida da aka adana a cikin EVs da EVSEs kamar yadda ISO 15118 ta bayyana. Bayan fitowar ma'aunin ISO 15118-20, karɓuwa ta yaɗuwa za ta buƙaci lokaci. Duk da haka, manyan kamfanonin makamashi na cikin gida da ke faɗaɗa a ƙasashen waje sun riga sun fara aiwatar da dabarun aiki. Ayyukan PnC yana sauƙaƙa ƙwarewar caji, yana ba da ayyuka kamar biyan kuɗi na katin kiredit, duba lambobin QR ta hanyar aikace-aikace, ko dogaro da katunan RFID da suka ɓace cikin sauƙi.