Kodi PnC ndi zidziwitso zokhudzana ndi PnC ecosystem ndi chiyani

Kodi PnC ndi zidziwitso zokhudzana ndi PnC ecosystem ndi chiyani

I. Kodi PnC ndi chiyani? PnC:

Plug and Charge (yomwe nthawi zambiri imafupikitsidwa ngati PnC) imapatsa eni magalimoto amagetsi mwayi wolipira. Ntchito ya PnC imathandizira kulipiritsa ndi kulipiritsa magalimoto amagetsi pongoyika mfuti yolipiritsa pamalo othamangitsira galimotoyo, osafunikira masitepe owonjezera, makhadi akuthupi, kapena kutsimikizira chilolezo cha pulogalamu. Kuphatikiza apo, PnC imathandizira kulipiritsa pamasiteshoni omwe ali kunja kwa netiweki wanthawi zonse wagalimoto, zomwe zimapereka zabwino kwambiri kwa omwe akuyenda maulendo ataliatali. Kuthekera kumeneku kukuwoneka kosangalatsa kwambiri m'misika monga European Union ndi United States, komwe eni ake nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito magalimoto awo amagetsi paulendo watchuthi kudutsa mayiko ndi zigawo zingapo.

II. Pakalipano ndi Ecosystem ya PnC Pakali pano, machitidwe a PnC omwe amayendetsedwa molingana ndi ISO 15118 ndi njira yotetezeka yolipiritsa potsatira kufalikira kwa magalimoto amagetsi. Zimapanganso ukadaulo wotsogola komanso chilengedwe chamsika wamtsogolo wamsika.

Plug and Charge pakali pano ikugwiridwa ndi anthu ambiri ku Europe ndi North America, ndipo kuchuluka kwa magalimoto amagetsi opangidwa ndi Plug and Charge akuchulukirachulukira. Malipoti amakampani akumayiko akunja akuwonetsa kuti pomwe opanga zida zoyambira ku Europe ndi North America amakhazikitsa ma Plug and Charge ecosystems ndikuphatikiza ma Plug and Charge m'magalimoto awo amagetsi, kuchuluka kwa magalimoto amagetsi okhala ndi Plug and Charge pamsewu kuwirikiza katatu mu 2023, ndikufika kukula kwa 100% kuchokera pa Q3 mpaka Q4. Opanga zida zazikulu zoyambira ku Europe, North America, ndi Asia adzipereka kupereka mwayi wapadera wolipiritsa makasitomala awo, pomwe eni ake amagalimoto amagetsi ochulukirapo amafuna magwiridwe antchito a PnC m'magalimoto omwe agulidwa. Chiwerengero cha malo olipira anthu ogwiritsa ntchito PnC chakwera. Malipoti a Hubject akuwonetsa kuwonjezeka kwa magawo olipira pagulu pogwiritsa ntchito magwiridwe antchito a PnC ku Europe ndi North America mu 2022. Pakati pa Q2 ndi Q3, zilolezo zopambana zidachulukira kawiri, kukula uku kudapitilira mu Q4 yonse ya chaka chomwecho. Izi zikuwonetsa kuti madalaivala amagalimoto amagetsi akangozindikira ubwino wa magwiridwe antchito a PnC, amaika patsogolo ma network omwe amathandizira PnC pazosowa zawo zolipiritsa anthu. Pamene ma CPO akuluakulu akulowa PKI, chiwerengero cha maukonde opangira magalimoto amagetsi omwe amathandiza PnC chikukulirakulirabe. (PKI: Public Key Infrastructure, teknoloji yotsimikizira zida za ogwiritsa ntchito mu digito, zikugwira ntchito ngati nsanja yodalirika) Kuwonjezeka kwa CPOs tsopano akutha kukwaniritsa zofunikira za PnC-zothandizira zolipiritsa anthu. 2022 idakhala chaka chaukadaulo kwa omwe adatenga nawo mbali pa CPO. Europe ndi America awonetsa utsogoleri wawo pakupanga kwa EV potengera ukadaulo wa PnC pamanetiweki awo. Aral, Ionity, ndi Allego - onse omwe amagwiritsa ntchito maukonde oyitanitsa - akuyambitsa ndikuyankha ntchito za PnC.

Pamene ambiri omwe akutenga nawo gawo pamsika akupanga ntchito za PnC, mgwirizano pakati pa omwe akukhudzidwa nawo ndi wofunikira kuti akwaniritse kuyimilira ndi kugwirizira. Kupyolera mu mgwirizano, eMobility ikuyesetsa kukhazikitsa miyezo ndi ndondomeko zofanana, kuonetsetsa kuti ma PKI osiyanasiyana ndi zachilengedwe zingagwire ntchito limodzi komanso mofanana kuti zipindule ndi malonda. Izi zimapindulitsa ogula pamanetiweki osiyanasiyana ndi ogulitsa. Pofika mchaka cha 2022, zida zinayi zoyambirira zogwirizanirana zidakhazikitsidwa: ISO 15118-20 imapereka kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa oyendetsa magalimoto amagetsi. Kuwonetsetsa kuti magalimoto amagetsi amalumikizana ndi malo ochapira, PnC ecosystem iyenera kukhala ndi zida zokwanira kuti igwirizane ndi mitundu yonse ya ISO 15118-2 ndi ISO 15118-20 protocol. ISO 15118-2 ndiye muyeso wapadziko lonse lapansi womwe umayang'anira kuyankhulana kwachindunji pakati pa magalimoto amagetsi ndi malo ochapira. Imatchulanso njira zoyankhulirana zomwe zikuphatikiza miyezo monga kutsimikizira, kubweza, ndi kuvomereza.

ISO 15118-20 ndiye mulingo wosinthidwa wa ISO 15118-2. Kukhazikitsidwa kwake pamsika kukuyembekezeredwa zaka zikubwerazi. Idapangidwa kuti izikhala ndi magwiridwe antchito, monga kulimbikitsa chitetezo cholumikizirana komanso kuthekera kosinthira mphamvu pawiri, zomwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamiyezo ya Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G).

Pakadali pano, mayankho ozikidwa pa ISO 15118-2 akupezeka padziko lonse lapansi, pomwe mayankho otengera muyeso watsopano wa ISO 15118-20 adzaperekedwa m'zaka zikubwerazi. Panthawi ya kusintha, PnC ecosystem iyenera kupanga ndikugwiritsa ntchito plug-in ndi kulipiritsa deta yazinthu zonse ziwiri panthawi imodzi kuti zitsimikizire kuti zikugwirizana. PnC imathandizira chizindikiritso chokhazikika komanso chilolezo cholipiritsa pakulumikizidwa kwa EV. Ukadaulowu umagwiritsa ntchito TLS-encrypted PKI public key infrastructure authorised, imathandizira ma asymmetric key algorithms, ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito ziphaso zosungidwa mkati mwa ma EV ndi ma EVSE monga momwe ISO 15118 imafotokozera. Komabe, mabizinesi otsogola akunyumba omwe akukulirakulira kunja kwa nyanja ayamba kale kutumizidwa. Magwiridwe a PnC amathandizira kuti azilipiritsa, kupereka machitidwe monga kulipira kirediti kadi, kusanthula ma code a QR kudzera pamapulogalamu, kapena kudalira makhadi a RFID osokonekera osatha.