Kulimbitsa Kukhazikika kwa Gridi ndi Ma Network Ogawidwa a BESS

Yankho Lachangu:Ma network a BESS ogawidwa amalimbitsa kukhazikika kwa gridi mwa kuyika mayunitsi ang'onoang'ono ambiri [osungira mabatire] (https://www.midapower.com/energy-storage-charging-station) m'chigawo chilichonse - m'malo osungiramo magalimoto, malo ochapira magalimoto akuluakulu, nyumba zamalonda, ndi malo a dzuwa - ndikuziphatikiza kudzera mu pulogalamu yoyang'anira mphamvu kukhala malo opangira magetsi (VPP) omwe amapereka malamulo oyendetsera ma frequency, chithandizo cha voltage, kumeta bwino kwambiri, ndi ntchito zolimba kwa wogwiritsa ntchito gridi. Chifukwa kuyankha kumachitika m'deralo (pansi pa sekondi imodzi ya ma frequency, nthawi yomweyo ya voltage), malo osungiramo magetsi ogawidwa amaposa mafakitale akuluakulu apakati pa liwiro ndi kudalirika, ndipo safuna njira zatsopano zotumizira magetsi. Kwa eni ake, gawo lililonse logawidwa limapeza njira zambiri zopezera ndalama - malipiro a mphamvu, arbitrage yamagetsi, ndalama zosungira zofunikira, ndi ndalama zothandizira - pomwe netiweki yonse imakhala chuma chosinthika kwambiri cha gridi. Misika yaku Europe ndi North America imalipira kale 30–120 USD/MW-h kuti ayankhe mwachangu ma frequency, zomwe zimapangitsa ma network a BESS ogawidwa kukhala amodzi mwa magawo omwe akukula mwachangu kwambiri mu zomangamanga za gridi.

Mfundo Zofunika Kwambiri:

• Ma network a BESS ogawidwa amasintha malo osungiramo zinthu ang'onoang'ono ambirimbiri kukhala chinthu chimodzi chosinthika cha gridi, kupereka ntchito zomwe mafakitale apakati sangagwirizane nazo pa liwiro kapena malo.
• Kulamulira pafupipafupi ndiye ntchito yofunika kwambiri: yankho la sub-second limapereka ndalama zokwana 30–120 USD/MW-h m'misika yayikulu.
• Magawo ophatikiza (EMS + VPP platforms + OCPP 2.0.1 + ISO 15118) ndi omwe amasintha mabatire omwazikana kukhala chinthu chimodzi chotumizira.
• Magawo omwewo omwe amagawidwa amatumikira malo awo olandirira alendo poyamba - kuchepetsa ndalama zofunidwa ndi 20-40% - ndikugulitsa kusinthasintha kwa gridi yachiwiri.
• Zipangizo zosungiramo zinthu zokhazikika, zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi protocol wamba, ndiye gawo lothandiza: mayunitsi okhazikika okha ndi omwe amatha kusonkhanitsa zinthu mopanda mtengo kwambiri.

Chifukwa Chake Kukhazikika kwa Grid Kukukhala Vuto Logawidwa

Wogwiritsa ntchito gridi yachigawo kum'mwera kwa United States akuyang'ana malo otsetsereka madzulo: mphamvu ya dzuwa ikutsika, mphamvu ya mpweya woziziritsa ikukwera, ndipo mphamvu ya net-load ya mphindi 30 ikukwera chaka chilichonse pamene zinthu zongowonjezwdwanso zikuchotsa mafakitale otentha. Zida za wogwiritsa ntchito wakale - zokweza mpweya waukulu ndi malo osungiramo zinthu - ndizokwera mtengo kumanga, zimachedwa kuyankha (mphindi 2-10), ndipo zili kutali ndi malo ogawa magetsi odzaza komwe mavuto amagetsi amapezeka. Pakadali pano, malo aliwonse ochapira magetsi a EV, denga la malonda, ndi malo osungiramo zinthu m'derali ndi malo osungiramo zinthu omwe angakhalepo.

Kukhazikika kwa gridi kukukhala vuto logawidwa pazifukwa zitatu. Choyamba, kulowa kwa magetsi kosinthika kumawononga kusakhazikika kwa magetsi: kusinthasintha kwa ma frequency kumakula ndikufika mwachangu, zomwe zimafuna mayankho mwachangu m'masekondi osati mphindi. Chachiwiri, kupanga magetsi kukusunthira kumalire ogawa (dzuwa la padenga, malo osungira anthu ammudzi), kotero mavuto amagetsi ndi kutsekeka kwa magetsi amapezeka pamakina odyetsera omwe mafakitale apakati sangawone, osanenanso kukonza. Chachitatu, kukulitsa magetsi ndi kotsika mtengo - makonde atsopano amatenga zaka 7-10 ndi ndalama mabiliyoni ambiri - pomwe mabatire ogawidwa amayikidwa m'miyezi ingapo pakafunika kutero. Zotsatira zake ndi kapangidwe ka gridi komwe ntchito zokhazikika zimaperekedwa kwambiri ndi magulu ang'onoang'ono osungiramo zinthu m'malo mwa mafakitale akuluakulu ochepa.

Kapangidwe ka Ntchito za Grid: Zimene BESS Yogawira Ikugulitsadi

Magawo a BESS ogawidwa amapeza ndalama pogulitsa mautumiki asanu ndi limodzi osiyanasiyana, iliyonse ili ndi nthawi yake yoyankhira, nthawi yake, ndi kapangidwe ka msika:

Kulamulira pafupipafupi ndi ntchito yolumikizira magetsi chifukwa imapanga phindu lalikulu la mabatire ogawidwa: liwiro. Chida cha lithiamu-ion chimatha kukwera kuchokera pa zero kupita ku mphamvu zonse mu ma milliseconds osakwana 100 ndikusunga yankholo kwamuyaya - mphamvu yomwe zomera zotentha sizingafikire komanso yomwe misika imalipira pamitengo yapamwamba. Thandizo la voliyumu limagwiritsa ntchito malo: batire yomwe ili pa chodyetsa chodzaza imawongolera magetsi komwe ikufunika, kupewa kutayika ndi kuchedwa kwa jakisoni wakutali.

Kuyerekeza Pakati ndi Kugawidwa: Kuyerekeza kwa Zomangamanga

Kuyerekezaku kukufotokoza komwe makampaniwa akuyendera: ngakhale kuti mafakitale okhazikika akadali ofunikira kuti asunge mphamvu zambiri, ndalama zochepa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito posungira magetsi pa gridi zikuchulukirachulukira zikupita ku ma network ogawidwa, chifukwa amamangidwa mwachangu, ndi otsika mtengo pa MW iliyonse, komanso olimba kwambiri.

Kapangidwe ka Nyumba: Momwe Network Yogawidwira ya BESS Imakonzedwera

Netiweki yogawidwa ya BESS ndi dongosolo la magawo atatu.gawo la zidandi gulu la mayunitsi osungira zinthu okhazikika — mabatire, ma module amphamvu ozungulira mbali zonse ziwiri, ndi ma charger — iliyonse ili ndi BMS yapafupi komanso chitetezo.gawo lowongolerandi EMS yomwe imayendetsa bwino ntchito yokonza ma demand-charge pa malo osungira, imasunga mutu wa batri, ndikuwonetsa mawonekedwe wamba a malamulo a gridi.gawo losonkhanitsirandi VPP/distributed energy resource management system (DERMS) yomwe imaphatikiza mazana kapena zikwi za mayunitsi mu portfolio imodzi yotumizira ndikuyipereka kumisika.

Miyezo itatu ya protocol imapangitsa kuti zigawo zigwirizane:

• OCPP 2.0.1imayang'anira charger ndi storage control pa netiweki yonse, ndikuwonjezera chitetezo cha TLS ndi zinthu zoyambira zokhazikika zomwe ma 1.6J akale alibe.
• ISO 15118 (kuphatikiza -20)imakulitsa magalimoto ku mabatire a magalimoto, kotero [ma EV okhoza V2G](https://www.midapower.com/30kw-40kw-v2g-charging-module-bidirectional-ac-dc-converter-product/) m'malo osungiramo katundu amakhala ndi mphamvu yowonjezera yogawa.
• OpenADR 2.0b / DNP3 / IEC 61850lumikizani gulu losonkhanitsira ku mautumiki ndi ma TSO a zochitika za DR, zizindikiro za malamulo, ndi telemetry.

Mfundo ya uinjiniya ndi yakuti gawo lililonse liyenera kukhala ndi phindu payokha pamalo ake olandirira — kudzera mu ndalama zosungira zomwe zimafunika, arbitrage, ndi ndalama zolipirira ntchito — lisanatumizidwe ku ntchito za grid. Ndalama zomwe zimapezedwa ndi grid ndiye phindu; zachuma pa malo ndiye maziko. Izi ndi zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma netiweki ogawidwa akhale ndi ndalama: bizinesi ya gawo lililonse sidalira mitengo yosinthasintha ya ntchito zina.

Zitsanzo Zogwiritsira Ntchito Padziko Lonse

Mapangidwe atatu ogwiritsira ntchito amalamulira ma netiweki a BESS omwe alipo, ndipo chilichonse chimamangirira malo osungiramo zinthu kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito moyenera.

Malo osungira magalimoto ndi malo ochajira.Malo osungiramo zinthu ku depot amachepetsa mphamvu yochajira, kenako amagulitsa mphamvu yolamulira nthawi yomwe siili pantchito. Ma MIDA [482 kWh/320 kW](https://www.midapower.com/320kw-482kwh-bess-charger-mobile-ev-charging-station-energy-storage-system-product/) ndi [625 kWh/400 kW integrated stations](https://www.midapower.com/400kw-625kwh-bess-charger-station-mobile-charging-battery-energy-storage-system-product/) amagwira ntchito imeneyi: mabatire amadzaza ndi mphamvu pomwe mgwirizano wa VPP umapeza ndalama pawindo lopanda ntchito. Depot yomwe imayendetsa mabasi 30 nthawi zambiri imapereka mphamvu yosinthika ya 500 kW–1.5 MW ku netiweki popanda malo osungiramo zinthu apadera.

Magulu ochajira magalimoto amisewu ikuluikulu ndi amalonda.Malo ambiri okhala ndi mphamvu ya 120–400 kW m'mbali mwa msewu amaphatikizidwa mu gawo la zigawo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kumeta bwino pamalo aliwonse komanso kulamulira ma frequency a TSO. Popeza hardware ndi yokhazikika komanso imagwirizana ndi protocol, kuphatikiza ndi pulogalamu osati kukonzanso hardware.

Makina opangidwa ndi mphamvu ya dzuwa komanso opangidwa ndi magetsi osakhala ndi magetsi.Magawo osungira magetsi a solar-plus — monga MIDA's [200 kWh/120 kW off-grid solar MPPT charger](https://www.midapower.com/200kwh-120kw-mobile-ev-charger-off-grid-solar-mppt-dc-fast-charging-station-product/) — mphamvu yowonjezereka yopangidwanso ndipo imapereka mphamvu yotha kufalikira m'zilumba. M'madera omwe ali ndi ma gridi ofooka, mayunitsi awa amapereka chithandizo cholimba chomwe katundu wapakati sangachigwire: amasunga zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa intaneti nthawi yotseka.

Ma Model a Bizinesi ndi Njira Zopezera Ndalama

Ogwira ntchito amapeza ndalama kuchokera ku ma network ogawidwa kudzera mu njira zisanu zopezera ndalama:

1. Kufunika kwa ndalama ndi mphamvu pa malo olandirira alendo— Kuchepetsa ndalama zomwe zimafunika ndi 20–40% kuphatikiza kusunga mphamvu za TOU (chinthu chofunikira chomwe chimalipira batri). 2.Kulamulira pafupipafupi ndi ntchito zina zothandizirakudzera mu mapangano a TSO kapena kutenga nawo mbali kwa osonkhanitsa — 30–120 USD/MW-h ya malipiro a mphamvu. 3.Kutenga nawo mbali pamsika wa anthu ambirikomwe kusungirako kumayenerera — malipiro apachaka chifukwa cha kuthekera kotulutsa zinthu panthawi ya kusowa kwa zinthu. 4.Mapangano a DR ndi kusinthasinthandi mautumiki — malipiro a pa chochitika chilichonse chifukwa cha kuchepetsa kapena kulowetsa zinthu. 5.Ntchito za magalimoto a V2G— mabatire a magalimoto omwe amatumizidwa nthawi ya mawindo olamulira, zomwe zimapeza ndalama zolipirira mphamvu pa MWh imodzi kuposa mphamvu ya siteshoniyo.

Kuyika zinthu pamodzi kumagwira ntchito chifukwa ntchitozo zimasiyana malinga ndi nthawi: batire silingathe kulamulira ma frequency ndikuchepetsa nthawi yomweyi, koma nthawi yokwanira ndi 4-6 pm, kufunikira kwa malamulo kumakhala kosalekeza, ndipo mawindo ochaja magalimoto usiku wonse ndi osiyana - EMS imakonza nthawi iliyonse yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo mwake.

Kupanga Netiweki Kukhala Yeniyeni: Zimene Ogwira Ntchito Ayenera Kuchita

Ma network a BESS omwe amagawidwa amatsimikiziridwa pamlingo waukulu, koma phindu lake ndi la ogwira ntchito omwe amachita zinthu zoyambira:

1. Sinthani zida zamagetsi.Sankhani gulu limodzi la zinthu zomwe zili ndi chithandizo cha OCPP 2.0.1 ndi ISO 15118 m'malo onse — zachuma zosonkhanitsa zimatha ngati tsamba lililonse likugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana. 2.Limbikitsani gawo lililonse mu zachuma za malo osungira alendo poyamba— ndalama zosungidwa ndi zolipiritsa zomwe zimafunika komanso ndalama zolipiritsa ziyenera kulipira bizinesi yoyambira. 3.Panganani ndi wosonkhanitsa zinthu msangakotero kuti zombo zitha kulembetsa m'misika kuyambira tsiku loyamba m'malo mochita maphunziro a zaka zambiri.Sungani mutu wanu molingana ndi kapangidwe kake— mabatire akuluakulu 20–30% kuposa momwe malo amafunira kotero kuti mautumiki a gridi sadzasokoneza luso la dalaivala. 5.Chida chilichonse— mayunitsi oyezedwa, ogwirizana ndi telemetry ndi omwe osonkhanitsa ndi mautumiki adzatumiza; mphamvu yosalumikizidwa ndi ndalama zopanda ntchito.

Kukhazikika kwa gridi kukukulirakulira vuto logawidwa, ndipo yankho lake likukulirakulira kukhala maziko a katundu wogawidwa. Ogwira ntchito omwe amagwiritsa ntchito malo osungiramo zinthu zokhazikika, zokhazikika m'malo awo masiku ano sikuti amangowonjezera ndalama zawo zamagetsi - akukhala opereka mphamvu zosinthasintha za gridi mu 2030, kupeza ndalama kuchokera ku zomangamanga zomwe zimathandiziranso bizinesi yawo yayikulu. Zotsatira za netiweki ndi zenizeni: gawo lililonse lowonjezera lokhazikika limapangitsa kuti portfolio yonse ikhale yamtengo wapatali, yotumizidwa mosavuta, komanso yolimba - kwa wogwiritsa ntchito komanso pa gridi.

FAQ

1. Kodi netiweki ya BESS yogawidwa ndi chiyani?Netiweki yogawidwa ya BESS ndi gulu la mayunitsi ang'onoang'ono osungira mabatire omwe ali m'malo ambiri, ophatikizidwa ndi mapulogalamu kukhala chinthu chimodzi chomwe chingathe kutumizidwa chomwe chimapereka ntchito zokhazikika pa gridi monga kulamulira ma frequency, kuthandizira magetsi, ndi kumeta bwino kwambiri.

2. Kodi malo osungiramo zinthu zogawika amathandiza bwanji kuti gridi ikhale yolimba poyerekeza ndi malo osungiramo zinthu zogwiritsidwa ntchito pakati?Ma distributed units amayankha pasanathe sekondi imodzi, amakhala pomwe pali vuto la magetsi ndi kutsekeka kwa magetsi, safuna njira zotumizira magetsi, ndipo amalephera bwino unit imodzi nthawi imodzi m'malo molephera nthawi imodzi.

3. Kodi kusiyana pakati pa VPP ndi netiweki yogawidwa ya BESS ndi kotani?VPP ndi njira yosonkhanitsira ndi kuyika msika — gawo la mapulogalamu lomwe limagawa katundu m'misika yamagetsi; netiweki yogawidwa ya BESS ndi gulu la zida zomwe zikusonkhanitsidwa. Ndi magawo awiri a dongosolo lomwelo.

4. Kodi ntchito ya gridi yamtengo wapatali kwambiri ya mabatire ogawidwa ndi iti?Kulamulira ma frequency, komwe kumalipira mphamvu ya 30–120 USD/MW-h kuti ayankhe mofulumira — mphamvu yomwe mabatire a lithiamu-ion amagwira ntchito bwino kuposa njira zina zonse zotenthetsera.

5. Kodi malo ochaja magalimoto amagetsi angatenge nawo mbali mu ntchito za gridi popanda kuvulaza madalaivala?Inde. EMS imakonza nthawi yotumiza gridi m'mawindo omwe sali pamalo otseguka ndipo imasunga malo ogwirira ntchito, kotero nthawi yolipirira madalaivala siidzasokonezedwa; mabatire amateteza zonse ziwiri.

6. Ndi njira ziti zofunika kuti batire igwirizane ndi netiweki ya ntchito za gridi?OCPP 2.0.1 yowongolera chojambulira/kusungira, ISO 15118 yolumikizira galimoto mbali, ndi OpenADR 2.0b, DNP3, kapena IEC 61850 yolumikizirana ndi zinthu zothandiza komanso TSO.

7. Kodi ndikufunika mgwirizano wautumiki kuti ndipeze ndalama kuchokera ku BESS yogawidwa?Poyamba osati — ndalama zosungira zomwe zimafunika komanso mphamvu zogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zimapezeka patsamba lililonse kuyambira tsiku loyamba; malamulo oyendetsera pafupipafupi komanso malipiro a mphamvu zimafuna kuti wogwirizanitsa kapena wochita nawo TSO alowe nawo, zomwe ambiri ogwira ntchito amawonjezera pambuyo poti nkhani ya bizinesi ya tsambalo yatsimikizika.