Ƙarfafa Daidaiton Grid tare da Rarraba hanyoyin sadarwa na BESS

Amsa Mai Sauri:Cibiyoyin sadarwa na BESS da aka rarraba suna ƙarfafa daidaiton grid ta hanyar tura ƙananan na'urori masu adana batir da yawa (https://www.midapower.com/energy-storage-charging-station) a faɗin yanki - a tashoshin jiragen ruwa, cibiyoyin caji na manyan hanyoyi, gine-ginen kasuwanci, da wuraren hasken rana - da kuma haɗa su ta hanyar software na sarrafa makamashi zuwa tashar wutar lantarki ta kama-da-wane (VPP) wacce ke ba da ƙa'idar mita, tallafin ƙarfin lantarki, aski mafi girma, da ayyukan juriya ga mai aiki da grid. Saboda amsawar tana faruwa a gida (ƙasa da daƙiƙa ɗaya don mita, nan take don ƙarfin lantarki), ajiyar da aka rarraba ta fi ƙarfin manyan masana'antu a tsakiya akan sauri da aminci, kuma ba ta buƙatar sabbin hanyoyin watsawa. Ga masu shi, kowane na'ura da aka rarraba yana samun hanyoyin samun kuɗi da yawa - biyan kuɗi na iya aiki, daidaita makamashi, tanadin caji na buƙata, da kuɗin shiga na sabis na tallafi - yayin da cibiyar sadarwa gaba ɗaya ta zama kadarar da ta fi sassauƙa a grid. Kasuwannin Turai da Arewacin Amurka sun riga sun biya 30-120 USD/MW-h don amsawar mita mai sauri, wanda ya sa hanyoyin sadarwa na BESS da aka rarraba ta zama ɗaya daga cikin sassan da suka fi girma a cikin kayayyakin more rayuwa na grid.

Muhimman Abubuwan Da Ake Bukata:

• Cibiyoyin sadarwa na BESS da aka rarraba suna mayar da dubban ƙananan na'urorin ajiya zuwa kadara ɗaya mai sassauƙa, suna isar da ayyukan da masana'antu masu tsakiya ba za su iya daidaitawa ba dangane da sauri ko wurin aiki.
• Daidaita mitar aiki shine sabis mafi daraja: amsawar ƙasa da daƙiƙa tana samun dala 30-120/MW-h na biyan kuɗi a manyan kasuwanni.
• Matakan tattarawa (EMS + dandamalin VPP + OCPP 2.0.1 + ISO 15118) sune abin da ke mayar da batura da aka watsar zuwa wata hanya guda da za a iya aikawa.
• Rukunin da aka rarraba iri ɗaya suna hidima ga wurin da suke karɓar bakuncinsu da farko - suna rage kuɗin buƙata da kashi 20-40% - sannan suna sayar da sassauci ga grid ɗin a karo na biyu.
• Kayan aikin ajiya na zamani, na yau da kullun shine matakin da ke ba da damar aiki: raka'o'in da aka daidaita ne kawai za su iya tara kuɗi mai inganci a sikelin.

Dalilin da yasa Daidaiton Grid ke Zama Matsala Mai Rarrabawa

Wani mai aiki da layin wutar lantarki na yanki a kudancin Amurka yana kallon hanyar da ke kaiwa ga yamma: faɗuwar fitowar hasken rana, ƙaruwar kayan sanyaya iska, da kuma saurin ɗaukar nauyin na'urorin lantarki na minti 30 yana ƙaruwa kowace shekara yayin da masu amfani da wutar lantarki ke maye gurbin tashoshin zafi. Kayan aikin mai aiki na baya - manyan na'urorin auna iskar gas da kuma ajiyar ajiya ta tsakiya - yana da tsada a ginawa, yana da jinkirin amsawa (minti 2-10), kuma yana nesa da wuraren rarraba wutar lantarki inda matsalolin wutar lantarki ke faruwa. A halin yanzu, kowace cibiyar caji ta EV, rufin kasuwanci, da kuma wurin adana kayayyaki a yankin kadara ce mai yuwuwar adanawa.

Kwanciyar hankali a kan layin wutar lantarki yana zama matsala mai rarrabawa saboda dalilai uku na tsari. Na farko, shigar da wutar lantarki mai sabuntawa yana lalata rashin daidaituwar wutar lantarki: bambance-bambancen mita suna girma kuma suna isa da sauri, suna buƙatar amsawa cikin daƙiƙa kaɗan maimakon mintuna. Na biyu, samarwa yana komawa gefen rarrabawa (rufin hasken rana, ajiyar al'umma), don haka matsalolin wutar lantarki da cunkoso suna samuwa a kan na'urorin ciyar da abinci waɗanda masana'antun tsakiya ba za su iya gani ba, balle a gyara su. Na uku, faɗaɗa watsawa yana da jinkiri kuma yana da tsada - sabbin hanyoyin sadarwa suna ɗaukar shekaru 7-10 da biliyoyin jari - yayin da batura masu rarraba ke aiki a cikin watanni a lokacin buƙata. Sakamakon shine tsarin layin wutar lantarki inda jiragen ruwa na ƙananan na'urori masu daidaitawa da aka tsara suke samar da ayyukan kwanciyar hankali maimakon wasu manyan masana'antu.

Tsarin Ayyukan Grid: Abin da Distributed BESS ke Sayarwa a Gaskiya

Raka'o'in BESS da aka rarraba suna samun kuɗi ta hanyar sayar da ayyuka guda shida daban-daban, kowannensu yana da nasa lokacin amsawa, tsawon lokaci, da tsarin kasuwa:

Daidaita mitar aiki shine sabis na anga saboda yana samun kuɗi daga fa'idar batirin da aka rarraba: gudu. Na'urar lithium-ion na iya tashi daga sifili zuwa cikakken ƙarfi a cikin ƙasa da milise 100 kuma ta ci gaba da wannan martanin har abada - ikon da masana'antun zafi ba za su iya kusantowa ba kuma kasuwanni za su biya a farashin ƙima. Tallafin wutar lantarki yana amfani da wurin: batirin da ke kan mai ciyar da abinci mai cunkoso yana daidaita ƙarfin lantarki daidai inda ake buƙata, yana guje wa asarar da jinkirin allurar nesa.

An Tsara Tsakanin Tsarin Gine-gine da Rarrabawa: Kwatanta Tsarin Gine-gine

Kwatancen ya bayyana alkiblar tafiye-tafiyen masana'antar: yayin da cibiyoyin da ke tsakiya suka kasance masu mahimmanci don adana makamashi mai yawa, jarin da ke da alaƙa da daidaita grid-strength yana ƙara zama a cikin hanyoyin sadarwa da aka rarraba, saboda suna da sauri don ginawa, araha a kowace MW, kuma sun fi juriya.

Tsarin Gine-gine: Yadda Ake Shirya Tsarin Sadarwar BESS Mai Rarrabawa

Tsarin hanyar sadarwa ta BESS mai rarrabawa tsarin matakai uku ne.Layer na kayan aikishine rukunin na'urorin ajiya na yau da kullun - tubalan baturi, na'urorin wutar lantarki masu jagora biyu, da caja - kowannensu yana da BMS na gida da kariya.Layer na sarrafawaEMS ce matakin rukunin yanar gizo wadda ke gudanar da inganta buƙatun caji ga rukunin yanar gizon mai masaukin baki, tana riƙe da ɗakin ajiyar batirin, kuma tana nuna hanyar sadarwa ta yau da kullun don umarnin grid.Layer na tarawashine tsarin VPP/tsarin sarrafa albarkatun makamashi da aka rarraba (DERMS) wanda ke haɗa ɗaruruwan ko dubban raka'a cikin fayil ɗaya da za a iya aikawa kuma yana yin tayin sa zuwa kasuwanni.

Ka'idoji uku na yarjejeniya suna sa yadudduka su kasance masu haɗin kai:

• OCPP 2.0.1yana kula da sarrafa caja da ajiya a faɗin hanyar sadarwa, yana ƙara tsaro na TLS da ƙa'idodin caji mai wayo waɗanda tsoffin aiwatarwa na 1.6J ba su da su.
• ISO 15118 (har da -20)yana faɗaɗa jiragen zuwa batirin abin hawa, don haka [EVs masu ƙarfin V2G](https://www.midapower.com/30kw-40kw-v2g-charging-module-bidirectional-ac-dc-converter-product/) a cikin rumbun adana bayanai sun zama ƙarin ƙarfin rarrabawa.
• OpenADR 2.0b / DNP3 / IEC 61850haɗa matakin haɗakarwa zuwa kayan aiki da TSOs don abubuwan da suka faru na DR, siginar tsari, da na'urar sadarwa.

Ka'idar injiniyanci ita ce kowace na'ura dole ne ta sami riba daban-daban a wurin da take karɓar baƙi - ta hanyar tanadin kuɗi da kuɗin shiga, sasantawa, da kuma kuɗin shiga na sabis na caji - kafin a aika ta don ayyukan grid. Kudaden shiga na grid shine fa'ida; tattalin arzikin shafin shine babban abin da ke sa hanyoyin sadarwa da aka rarraba su zama masu ban sha'awa: shari'ar kasuwancin kowane na'ura ba ta dogara da farashin sabis na tallafi mai canzawa ba.

Tsarin Gudanar da Duniya ta Gaske

Tsarin aiki guda uku sun mamaye hanyoyin sadarwa na BESS da ke rarrabawa a yanzu, kowannensu yana da alaƙa da wurin ajiya zuwa akwatin amfani na zahiri.

Tashoshin jiragen ruwa da cibiyoyin caji.Ajiya a rumbun ajiya yana rage ƙarfin caji, sannan yana sayar da ƙarfin sarrafawa a lokutan da ba a aiki ba. Tashoshin MIDA [482 kWh/320 kW](https://www.midapower.com/320kw-482kwh-bess-charger-mobile-ev-charging-station-energy-storage-system-product/) da [tashoshin haɗin gwiwa na 625 kWh/400 kW](https://www.midapower.com/400kw-625kwh-bess-charger-station-mobile-charging-battery-energy-storage-system-product/) suna aiki daidai da wannan rawar: na'urorin ajiyar batirin suna caji na rundunar caji yayin da kwangilar VPP ke samun kuɗi daga taga mara aiki. Tashar ajiya da ke gudanar da bas 30 yawanci tana samar da ƙarfin aiki mai sassauƙa na 500 kW–1.5 MW ga hanyar sadarwa ba tare da wani wurin ajiya na musamman ba.

Rukunin caji na manyan hanyoyi da na kasuwanci.An haɗa tashoshin wutar lantarki masu ƙarfin 120-400 kW da yawa a kan hanya zuwa fayil ɗin yanki, wanda ke ba da aski mai tsayi a kowane wuri da kuma daidaita mitar wutar lantarki ga TSO. Saboda kayan aikin sun dace kuma sun dace da tsarin aiki, haɗakarwa aikin software ne maimakon sake fasalin kayan aiki.

Tsarin haɗakar hasken rana da kuma tsarin da ba na wutar lantarki ba.Rarraba na'urorin ajiya na hasken rana da ƙari — kamar na MIDA [200 kWh/120 kW na caja ta hasken rana ta MPPT](https://www.midapower.com/200kwh-120kw-mobile-ev-charger-off-grid-solar-mppt-dc-fast-charging-station-product/) — fitarwa mai ƙarfi da kuma samar da damar yin amfani da tsibirai. A yankunan da ke da rauni a cikin grid, waɗannan na'urorin suna ba da sabis na juriya wanda kadarorin da aka haɗa ba za su iya ba: suna riƙe manyan kaya a kan layi yayin katsewa.

Tsarin Kasuwanci da Rafukan Samun Kuɗi

Masu aiki suna samun kuɗi daga hanyoyin sadarwa da aka rarraba ta hanyar hanyoyin samun kuɗi guda biyar masu tarin yawa:

1. Sasantawa tsakanin buƙatun da makamashi a wurin mai masaukin baki— Rage kuɗin buƙata da kashi 20–40% tare da tanadin makamashi na TOU (tushen da ke biyan kuɗin batirin). 2.Daidaita mita da ayyukan taimakota hanyar kwangilolin TSO ko kuma halartar masu tattarawa — 30–120 USD/MW-h na biyan kuɗin aiki. 3.Kasancewar kasuwar ƙarfin aikiinda ajiya ta cancanta - biyan kuɗi na shekara-shekara don ɗaukar nauyin sallama yayin abubuwan da suka shafi ƙarancin abinci. 4.Kwangilolin DR da sassaucitare da kayan aikin lantarki - biyan kuɗi na kowane taron don rage farashi ko allurar da aka tsara. 5.Ayyukan jiragen ruwa na V2G- batirin abin hawa da aka aika a lokacin tagogi na ƙa'ida, wanda ke samun kuɗin wutar lantarki na kowace MWh fiye da ƙarfin tashar.

Tsarin yana aiki ne saboda ayyukan suna da bambanci a lokaci: batir ba zai iya daidaita mita da kuma aske kololuwar a lokaci guda ba, amma kololuwar tana tsakanin ƙarfe 4-6 na yamma, buƙatar ƙa'idoji tana ci gaba, kuma tagogi na caji na dare ɗaya sun bambanta - EMS tana tsara kowane aiki a cikin lokacinsa.

Kafa Cibiyar Sadarwa ta Gaskiya: Abin da Ya Kamata Masu Aiki Su Yi

An tabbatar da cibiyoyin sadarwa na BESS da aka rarraba a sikelin, amma ribar tana hannun masu aiki waɗanda ke aiwatar da muhimman abubuwa:

1. Daidaita kayan aiki.Zaɓi iyali ɗaya na samfura masu tsari tare da tallafin OCPP 2.0.1 da ISO 15118 a duk shafuka - tattalin arzikin tarin zai durƙushe idan kowane rukunin yanar gizo yana gudanar da yarjejeniyoyi daban-daban. 2.Fara aiwatar da kowane sashi a cikin tattalin arzikin wurin masauki- tanadin kuɗin buƙata da kuɗin shiga na caji dole ne su biya bashin kasuwancin asali. 3.Kwantiragi da mai tattarawa da wuridon haka jiragen ruwan za su iya yin tayin shiga kasuwanni tun daga rana ta farko maimakon bayan tsarin cancanta na tsawon shekaru. 4.Kiyaye ɗabi'ar kai ta hanyar ƙira— girman batirin da ya kai kashi 20-30% sama da buƙatun wurin, don haka ayyukan grid ba sa taɓa yin illa ga ƙwarewar direba. 5.Kayan aiki komai— na'urorin da aka auna, waɗanda ke aiki da na'urorin sadarwa masu amfani da na'urorin lantarki sune waɗanda masu tattarawa da masu amfani da wutar lantarki za su aika; ƙarfin da ba a haɗa ba babban jari ne.

Kwanciyar hankali a kan layin wutar lantarki matsala ce da ke ƙara zama ruwan dare gama gari, kuma amsar ita ce tushen kadarorin da aka rarraba. Masu aiki waɗanda ke amfani da ma'ajiyar bayanai ta hanyar yarjejeniya a wurarensu a yau ba wai kawai suna inganta farashin makamashinsu ba ne - suna zama masu samar da sassaucin hanyoyin wutar lantarki na 2030, suna samun kuɗi daga kayayyakin more rayuwa waɗanda kuma ke hidimar babban kasuwancinsu. Tasirin hanyar sadarwa gaskiya ne: kowace ƙarin rukunin da aka daidaita yana sa jimlar fayil ɗin ya fi daraja, ya fi rarrabawa, kuma ya fi juriya - ga mai aiki da kuma ga layin wutar lantarki.

Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi akai-akai

1. Menene hanyar sadarwa ta BESS da aka rarraba?Cibiyar sadarwa ta BESS da aka rarraba ƙungiya ce ta ƙananan na'urorin adana batir da ke cikin shafuka da yawa, waɗanda software ya tattara su zuwa wata hanya guda ɗaya da za a iya aikawa wacce ke ba da ayyukan daidaita grid kamar daidaita mita, tallafin ƙarfin lantarki, da aski mafi girma.

2. Ta yaya rarrabawar ajiya ke inganta daidaiton grid idan aka kwatanta da masana'antar tsakiya?Na'urorin da aka rarraba suna amsawa cikin ƙasa da daƙiƙa ɗaya, suna zama daidai inda matsalolin wutar lantarki da cunkoso suka faru, ba sa buƙatar hanyoyin watsawa, kuma suna gazawa cikin kyau na'ura ɗaya a lokaci guda maimakon a matsayin maki ɗaya na gazawa.

3. Menene bambanci tsakanin VPP da hanyar sadarwa ta BESS da aka rarraba?VPP shine haɗin gwiwa da kasuwa - matakin software wanda ke yin tayin kadarorin da aka rarraba zuwa kasuwannin makamashi; hanyar sadarwa ta BESS da aka rarraba ita ce rundunar kayan aiki da ake haɗa su. Su matakai biyu ne na tsarin iri ɗaya.

4. Menene mafi girman sabis na grid ga batura masu rarrabawa?Tsarin mita, wanda ke biyan kuɗi na USD 30–120/MW-h na ƙarfin aiki don amsawar ƙasa da daƙiƙa - ƙarfin da batirin lithium-ion ya fi duk madadin zafi.

5. Shin wuraren caji na EV za su iya shiga cikin ayyukan grid ba tare da cutar da direbobi ba?Eh. EMS tana tsara jadawalin aika grid zuwa tagogi marasa kyau kuma tana kula da ɗakin headroom, don haka ba a taɓa yin sakaci a lokutan caji na direbobi ba; dukkansu suna buƙatar batirin.

6. Waɗanne ka'idoji ake buƙata don na'urar batir ta shiga hanyar sadarwa ta ayyukan grid?OCPP 2.0.1 don sarrafa caja/ajiyar bayanai, ISO 15118 don haɗakar gefen abin hawa, da OpenADR 2.0b, DNP3, ko IEC 61850 don sadarwa ta amfani da TSO.

7. Shin ina buƙatar kwangilar wutar lantarki don samun kuɗin shiga daga BESS da aka rarraba?Ba da farko ba — tanadin kuɗin buƙata da sulhun makamashi suna samuwa ga kowane shafi tun daga rana ta farko; ƙa'idojin mita da biyan kuɗi suna buƙatar haɗin gwiwa ko shiga TSO, wanda yawancin masu aiki ke ƙarawa bayan an tabbatar da shari'ar kasuwancin shafin.