Ibisobanuro birambuye ku ihame ry'imikorere ya tekiniki rya serivisi yo gusharija PnC Plug & Charge -1

1, Icyiciro cyo kubaka icyizere hagati y'ibinyabiziga n'aho bashyira chargeur

Igenzura ry'umwirondoro:Ahantu ho gushyushya imodoka hagenzura umwirondoro wayo binyuze mu cyemezo cya SECC (Supply Equipment Communication Controller), mu gihe imodoka ikoresha icyemezo cy’umwimerere cya V2G (Trust Anchor) cyashyizweho n’uruganda kugira ngo igenzure neza. Kugira ngo hirindwe ibitero by’impimbano ku cyemezo, sisitemu yashyizeho OCSP (Online Certificate Status Protocol). Mu buryo bugezweho bwa ISO15118-20, kugenzura ihanagurwa ry’inyandiko mu buryo bw’umwimerere ni itegeko ku byangombwa byose (harimo na Sub CA na Leaf certificates) kugira ngo harebwe ko buri murongo w’itumanaho ugenzurwa cyane.

Muri iki cyiciro, imodoka (EV) n'aho bashyira umuriro (EVSE) baraganira bashingiye kuri protocole ya ISO 15118. Nyuma yo kurangiza igikorwa cyo gushyira imbunda no kubaka umurongo w'itumanaho rya elegitoroniki, impande zombi zizumvikana kugira ngo hamenyekane verisiyo y'ikoreshwa rya protocole y'umutekano wa Transport Layer Security (TLS):

• TLS 1.2ikoreshwa mu gipimo cya ISO 15118-2;
• Iyo ukoreshejeISO 15118-20bisanzwe,TLS 1.3yemejwe;

1. Aho bashyira amashanyarazi hatanga icyemezo cyayo ku modoka ikoresha amashanyarazi, harimo icyemezo cya SECC (Supply Equipment Communication Controller) n'icyemezo cya Charge Operator (CPO) Intermediate Certificate Authority (Sub CA), kugira ngo harebwe neza umwirondoro wayo.
2. Ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi bikoresha insinga z’ubwishingizi zashyizweho mbere (ni ukuvuga impapuro z’umuzi za V2G zishyirwaho mbere y’uko imodoka igera ku bakoresha) kugira ngo harebwe uko uruhererekane rw’inyandiko z’ubwishingizi rwatanzwe n’ibigo bitanga amashanyarazi.
3. Ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi bizagenzurwa uko byakuweho icyemezo: Dukurikije amahame ya ISO 15118-2, ibyemezo bya SECC byakozwe mu gihe gito (amezi 2-3), kandi uko byakuweho icyemezo cya CPO Sub CA byemezwa binyuze muri Interineti (OCSP); Amahame ya ISO 15118-20 asaba ko ibyemezo byose bigomba kwemezwa uko byakuweho binyuze muri OCSP.
4. Nyuma y’uko intambwe zose zo kugenzura zimaze gufatwa, imodoka ikoresha amashanyarazi ishobora kwemeza umwirondoro wizewe w’aho ikigo gishyurira, kandi amakuru yose y’itumanaho azakurikiraho azoherezwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gushingura.

2, Icyiciro cyo kuganira ku buryo bwo kumenya umwirondoro

Uburyo bworoshye bwo gukoresha EIM na PnC: Iyi protocole ibuza cyane gukora "identity recognition ebyiri" ku bakoresha. Iyo bigaragaye ko umukoresha yatangiye gukoresha RFID cyangwa App (EIM mode), sitasiyo yo gusharija igomba guhagarika burundu inzira yo gutangiza PnC kugira ngo hirindwe ibyago byo kwishyuza inshuro ebyiri mu bucuruzi.

Igipimo ngenderwaho cya ISO 15118 gisobanura uburyo bubiri bwo kumenya umwirondoro w’igihe cyo gusharija:

• 1. Uburyo bwo Kumenya Ibimenyetso byo Hanze (EIM):gutanga amakuru ku makarita ya Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), amakarita ya banki, porogaramu za telefoni zigendanwa, kode za QR, nibindi;
• 2. Gushyiramo no Gushyushya:Uburyo bwo kwemeza byikora bushingiye ku byangombwa.

Imbogamizi nyamukuru:Ibiro byo gushyushya ntibigomba gukora igenzura ry’indangamuntu ebyiri ku bakoresha. Iyo umukoresha arangije kwemeza akoresheje ikarita ya RFID mbere yo guhuza imbunda yo gushyushya, ibiro byo gushyushya bigomba guhagarika imikorere yo gufunga no gukina; Bitabaye ibyo, bishobora gutuma imodoka ihabwa icyemezo gihoraho binyuze mu cyemezo cy’amasezerano, bigatera ibyago byo kwishyurwa kabiri.

3, Icyiciro cyo kugenzura umwirondoro w'ikinyabiziga

Nyuma y'uko sisitemu ihisemo uburyo bwo gushyushya hakoreshejwe plug and play, imodoka ikoresha amashanyarazi yohereza icyemezo cy'amasezerano n'icyemezo cy'umutanga serivisi za telefoni zigendanwa (MSP) Sub CA kuri sitasiyo yo gushyushya. Ibyemezo byavuzwe haruguru bihujwe n'uruhererekane rwuzuye rw'ibyemezo, kandi inzira yo kugenzura umwirondoro w'ingenzi iratangizwa ku mugaragaro. Igice cy'inyuma kizakora igenzura ry'umutekano inshuro nyinshi kugira ngo harebwe neza ko ibihe byo gushyushya bikurikije amategeko, konti zo kwishyuza ari iz'ukuri, kandi birinde ibyago byo kwibeshya ku mwirondoro w'imodoka.

Kugira ngo hirindwe ibitero byo gusubiramo (ni ukuvuga abajura bafatira ubutumwa bw'uburenganzira bakabwohereza kenshi), sisitemu ikora kode y'igerageza ya bit 128 ku buryo butaziguye. Imodoka igomba gukoresha urufunguzo rwihariye kugira ngo isinyishe kode y'igerageza, kandi aho bashyira amafaranga hazakora igenzura ry'umukono ku rwego rwa milisegonda mu gace utuyemo hakoreshejwe urufunguzo rusange rw'icyemezo cy'amasezerano. Ubu buryo bwo gufunga budafite ingano butuma uburenganzira bw'ako kanya burushaho kuba umwihariko kandi ntibuhakane.

1. Igenzura ry'ubuziranenge bw'imizingo yo kwishyuza ku minyururu y'impamyabumenyi

Sisitemu yo gusharija cyangwa sisitemu ya CPO backend igomba kurangiza igenzura ry’ingenzi rikurikira:

• Igenzura ry'ubuziranenge:Kwemeza ko ibyemezo byose biri mu ruhererekane rw'ibyemezo biri mu gihe cyabyo cyemewe;
• Igenzura ry'ukuri:Kugenzura neza ko umukono wuzuye w’ikoranabuhanga uhereye ku cyemezo cy’amasezerano kugeza ku cyemezo cy’ibanze.

Igisabwa kugira ngo igenzura ry’aho utuye rishyirwe mu bikorwa ni uko aho ushyira amafaranga hashyizweho icyemezo cy’umuzi gihuye nacyo – akenshi icyemezo cya V2G root CA gitangwa n’umukozi wa PKI, kandi rimwe na rimwe, icyemezo cya MSP root CA (gifite igipimo gito cyane cyo gukoresha).

2. Kugenzura kuri interineti uko icyemezo cyakuweho

Igice kimwe cy'igenzura gishingiye ku mikoranire yo kuri interineti, kandi kugenzura uko icyemezo cyakuweho ni kimwe mu bikorwa by'ingenzi. Ahantu ho kwishyuza amafaranga hazatangira ikibazo ku muntu usubiza OCSP muri icyo cyemezo kugira ngo hemezwe ko ubwoko bubiri bw'icyemezo bukurikira butakuweho:

• Icyemezo cya CPO Sub CA (gikurikizwa ku bipimo bya ISO 15118-2 na ISO 15118-20);
• Icyemezo cy'amasezerano (gikurikizwa gusa ku gipimo cya ISO 15118-20);

3. Igenzura ry'imiterere ya konti yo kwishyura

Nyuma yo kwishyuza, sisitemu ihita irangiza igikorwa kuva ku ihererekanya ry'amakuru kugeza ku iyandikwa ry'amafaranga: Nyuma yo kugenzura ko icyemezo ari cyo cyemewe, CPO izemeza imiterere y'amasezerano y'ubwishyu bw'umukoresha. Sisitemu izakuramo indangamuntu y'umutanga serivisi mu kimenyetso cya konti y'imodoka (EMAID), kandi CPMS izahuza MSP ijyanye nayo n'iyi ndangamuntu kugira ngo yemeze ko konti itari mu gihe cyo guhagarikwa cyangwa gukurwaho.

4. Igikorwa cyo gusharija cyaratangiye

Nyuma yo kwemeza umwirondoro w'ikinyabiziga gikoresha amashanyarazi, ikinyabiziga n'aho gicanira bizakurikiza inzira yo kohererezanya ubutumwa hakurikijwe ibipimo ngenderwaho bya ISO 15118, bumvikane ku bipimo byo gusharija n'igihe, hanyuma batangire ku mugaragaro serivisi yo gusharija.

Kugira ngo urangize akazi ko gushyira no gushyushya PnC (Plug&Charge), ni ngombwa gushyiraho, kubika no kugenzura icyemezo cy'amasezerano, no kwemeza sisitemu y'ibikoresho byanditseho uburiganya yashyizwe imbere mu mpera y'imodoka (EV) na nyuma y'imodoka (EVSE).

Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, muri sisitemu ya protocole ya TLS:TLS 1.2:byahinduwe hakurikijwe ISO 15118-2;TLS 1.3:Ihuye na ISO 15118-20; Impande zombi zigomba kugira ubwoko bubiri bw'amakuru y'ingenzi:Ibikoresho by'umwirondoronaibikoresho by'ukwizeraMuri byo, ububiko bw'imfunguzo bubika urufunguzo rwihariye rw'igikoresho n'icyemezo cy'urupapuro gihuye nacyo, gikoreshwa mu kwerekana "ubuziranenge bw'umwirondoro"; ububiko bw'imigabane bubika ibyemezo byizewe bya CA (ibyemezo by'ubwishingizi), bikoreshwa mu kwemeza ko ibyemezo by'undi muntu ari byo byemewe no gusubiza ikibazo cy' "umupaka w'ubwishingizi".