Kuchaja Kodalirika kwa BESS ku Malo Ochitira Ntchito Misewu Yakutali

Yankho Lachangu

Malo ochitira ntchito za pamsewu wakutali ndi malo ovuta kwambiri pakuchaja magetsi a EV: kulumikizana kwa gridi yofooka kapena yopanda magetsi, kutentha kwambiri, nthawi yayitali yoyendera kukonza, ndi makasitomala omwe sadzakhululukira chaja yofa. Kuchaja kothandizidwa ndi BESS kumathetsa izi mwa kugawa mphamvu yochaja kuchokera ku mphamvu ya gridi - kabati ya chaja ya BESS kapena banki ya chidebe imapereka mphamvu ya 120–480 kW yochaja kuchokera ku mphamvu yosungidwa pa kulumikizana komwe kampani ingapereke, ndi kasamalidwe ka kutentha koziziritsidwa ndi madzi kuti kasunge mphamvu yogwiritsidwa ntchito mu chilimwe cha 45°C+ ndi -20°C. Kudalirika m'malo awa kumapangidwa, sikuyembekezeredwa: ma module amphamvu osinthika modular, ma EMS controller osafunikira, kuyang'anira kutali, ndi ma enclosures oyesedwa ndi IP amasintha kuyitana kwautumiki kwa masiku atatu kukhala kusinthana kwa ma module kwa mphindi 15. Zotsatira zogwirira ntchito za malo akutali opangidwa bwino ndi kupezeka kwa chaja kwa 97–99%, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti malo oyimitsa msewu akhale malo odalirika opezera ndalama.

Mfundo Zofunika Kwambiri

• BESS imalola malo ogwirira ntchito akutali kupereka mphamvu zambiri pakulumikizana kwa gridi kofooka kapena komwe kulibe, kuchotsa choletsa chachikulu chotsegulira.
• Kudalirika kumapangidwa kudzera mu kuchulukitsa kwa ma module: ma module osinthika kwambiri, mabasi ogawanika a DC, ma controller a EMS osafunikira, ndi ma diagnostics akutali.
• Kuziziritsa madzi ndi malo obisalamo a IP65+ sizingatheke kukambirana m'malo akutali komwe kuli malo ozungulira komanso fumbi/ayezi zomwe zimagwira ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku.
• Kapangidwe ka BESS kosinthika kamasintha kukonza kuchokera paulendo wa masiku atatu kupita ku kusinthana kwa magawo kwa mphindi 15 ndi katswiri aliyense wakomweko.
• Nthawi yogwira ntchito, osati mphamvu ya mutu, ndiye muyeso wa ndalama: kupezeka kwa 97–99% kumaposa kukhazikitsa kwakukulu koma kofooka.

Vuto la Msewu Wakutali: Chifukwa Chake Mphamvu ya Gridi Ndi Yolakwika Poyambira

Malo operekera chithandizo cha magalimoto akuluakulu ali pamalo enieni pomwe mphamvu ya gridi ndi yofooka kwambiri: makilomita kuchokera ku malo operekera chithandizo, pa ma feeder omwe ali ndi kukula kwa magetsi a siteshoni ya mafuta, nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa ndi mizere yokulirapo. Njira yodziwika bwino yotumizira magetsi - pemphani kuti musinthe transformer, dikirani miyezi 12-24, lipirani USD 100,000–300,000 kuti mumange - ndi yopanda pake pazachuma pamalo omwe magalimoto awo angakule mosayembekezereka. Choyipa kwambiri n'chakuti, m'malo ambiri a msewu waukulu wakumidzi, malo operekera magetsiwa sangapereke mphamvu pamtengo uliwonse mkati mwa nthawi yoyenera.

BESS imachotsa gridi panjira yofunika kwambiri. Malowa amakoka mphamvu iliyonse yomwe ilipo — nthawi zambiri 100–200 kVA — mosalekeza, amasunga mphamvu usiku wonse komanso nthawi yomwe si nthawi yotanganidwa, ndipo amapereka mphamvu ya 120–480 kW ya kuchajitsa mu batire. Gridiyo imakhala chochajitsira batire; batireyo imakhala malo ochajitsira. Umu ndi momwe mamangidwe a mzere wa MIDA wa [BESS charging station](https://www.midapower.com/bess-charging-station/) ndi mayunitsi a BESS oyendetsedwa ndi mafoni/opulumutsa omwe atsimikiziridwa mu ntchito zadzidzidzi, komwe njira yomweyo ya "kusunga, kenako kupereka mu bursts" imagwira ntchito kumalo omwe alibe gridi konse.

Chifukwa Chake BESS Ndi Wothandizira - Ndipo Kudalirika Kumatanthauza Chiyani Pano?

Pa malo akutali, kudalirika kumakhala ndi tanthauzo lapadera: chojambulira chimapereka mphamvu yovomerezeka kasitomala akalumikiza, nthawi iliyonse, ndi nthawi yapakati yokonza yomwe imayesedwa mu maola, osati masiku. Zigawo zitatu za kapangidwe kake zimapangitsa kuti izi zitheke:

1. Kupezeka kwa Mphamvu

Chojambulira chakutali chongogwiritsa ntchito gridi yokha chimalephera nthawi iliyonse pamene chojambulira chapafupi chimatha - ndipo zojambulira zakutali zimalephera nthawi zambiri. Malo a BESS amalephera pokhapokha batire likakhala lopanda kanthu, zomwe EMS imaletsa potseka kutulutsa kwa madzi pansi pomwe pali chojambulira chapamwamba ndikuwonjezera kuchokera ku gridi kapena solar nthawi iliyonse ikapezeka. [Zojambulira za Mobile BESS](https://www.midapower.com/mobile-bess-charger/) ndi makina okhala ndi zotengera zimawonjezera mfundo iyi: zimatha kulowetsedwa m'galimoto kuti zipereke mphamvu kwakanthawi panthawi yomwe kufunikira kumawonjezeka kapena mawindo okonza gridi.

2. Kupirira Kutentha

Malo ogwirira ntchito akutali ndi komwe kutentha kumakhala koopsa kwambiri ndipo mpweya wabwino ndi woipa kwambiri. Ma batire ndi zamagetsi zamagetsi ziyenera kusunga mphamvu yoyendera pa 45°C popanda kusokoneza, ndipo ziyenera kukhalabe ndi mphamvu yoyendera pa -20°C usiku popanda kuwonongeka kwa mphamvu. Makina ozizira amadzimadzi — ma racks a batire, ma module amagetsi, ndi zingwe za 500 A+ — zimakana kutentha mwachangu ndikutenthetsa kuchokera kuzungulira komweko m'malo ozizira. Njira zina zoziziritsira mpweya zimataya 10–25% ya mphamvu yoyendera pamene malowo ali otanganidwa kwambiri.

3. Kugwira ntchito bwino patali

Kuyimbira foni ku malo akutali kumawononga tsiku lonse loyenda katswiri asanagwire chida. Yankho la kapangidwe kake ndi modularity: ma module amphamvu osinthika ndi kutentha, ma pluggable battery racks, ndi ma line-replaceable cooling units zikutanthauza kuti kontrakitala wakomweko wokhala ndi maphunziro oyambira akhoza kukonza zomwe zikanafuna mainjiniya wa fakitale. MIDA's [BESS charger cabinet](https://www.midapower.com/bess-charger-cabinet/) ndi ma split-architecture systems amamangidwa pa mfundo iyi - gawo losinthika ndi module, osati siteshoni yonse.

Kupanga Zodalirika M'mikhalidwe Yovuta

Gome ili m'munsimu likuwonetsa njira zolephera zomwe zimalamulira ntchito zapamsewu wakutali kupita ku ma counter awo aukadaulo:

Mapatani awiri ayenera kutsindika. Choyamba, kuchulukitsidwa kwa magetsi kumagawidwa m'magawo awiri: malo a 480 kW ayenera kugawidwa m'makabati angapo kapena m'mabotolo kotero kulephera kamodzi kokha kumawononga mphamvu popanda kuyika zero. Chachiwiri, telemetry ndi njira yodalirika, osati yapamwamba pa dashboard - kuyang'anira patali kumatembenuza "chaja yanenedwa kuti yafa, kutumiza wina" kukhala "gawo B-2 mu kabati 3 likuwonetsa cholakwika cha fan, kutumiza gawo limodzi losinthira," lomwe ndi kusiyana pakati pa tsiku ndi sabata ya nthawi yopuma.

Ndondomeko Yosamalira ndi Kugwira Ntchito Nthawi Yopuma: Chitsanzo Chogwirira Ntchito cha 97–99%

Malo odalirika akutali amayendetsedwa ndi mtundu wogwirira ntchito, osati chitsimikizo. Machitidwe omwe amalekanitsa kupezeka kwa 90% ndi 98%:

1. Kuyang'anira patali.Kabati iliyonse imatumiza mphamvu, kutentha kwa selo, kuthamanga kwa kuzungulira kozizira, kuwerengera kwa ma cycle, ndi ma code olephera ku cloud EMS. Machenjezo amayamba kulephera - kutentha kozizira komwe kumakwera kumatha kuchitika milungu ingapo ulendo usanachitike. 2.Zosungira zoyikidwa kale.Chigawo chilichonse chimakhala ndi magawo atatu ochepa omwe nthawi zambiri amalephera: ma module amagetsi, ma unit ozizira, ndi ma control board. Mitengo yocheperako pamalopo imaposa katundu wadzidzidzi nthawi zonse. 3.Netiweki yothandizana ndi ogwirizana nawo am'deralo.Zipangizo zoyendetsera zimathandizira kuphunzitsa kontrakitala wachigawo tsiku limodzi. SLA yautumiki imakhala "yolowa m'malo mwa gawo mkati mwa maola 24" m'malo mwa "injiniya wa fakitale amafika m'masiku 5." 4.Mawindo okonza nyengo.Maulendo awiri okonzedwa pachaka (chilimwe chisanafike, nyengo yozizira isanafike) amatsimikizira kuzungulira koziziritsa, kutchinjiriza, ndi kulumikizana. Maulendo osakonzekera m'malo akutali nthawi zambiri amawononga 3-10× paulendo wokonzedwa. 5.Kutumiza kodziwa mphamvu.EMS imasunga malo oti magetsi azigwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse (monga 15–20%) chifukwa cha mavuto ndi kuwonongeka kwa gridi, kotero malowa nthawi zonse amatha kupereka ndalama zochepa ngakhale atazimitsidwa.

Mfundo zachuma ndi zomveka: nthawi yolipirira magalimoto pamsewu yomwe yalephera chifukwa cholipirira magalimoto yatsika mtengo kwa woyendetsa galimotoyo, phindu la makasitomala, komanso - m'mapangano opereka chithandizo - chilango chotsutsana ndi ma KPI opezeka. Kupezeka kwa 97–99%, komwe kumachitika nthawi zonse, ndi komwe kumasintha tsamba la BESS lakutali kukhala chuma chodalirika.

Chitsanzo cha Kutumiza Anthu: Malo Ogwirira Ntchito Kutali Omwe Akugwira Ntchito

Taganizirani malo operekera chithandizo omwe ali pamtunda wa makilomita 120 kuchokera mumzinda wapafupi, pamsewu waukulu womwe magalimoto amagetsi amagetsi akuchulukirachulukira. Mphamvu ya gridi pamalopo: 150 kVA — yokwanira kuunikira, shopu, ndi chojambulira chimodzi cha 60 kW. Cholinga cha wogwiritsa ntchito: ma charger anayi a 120 kW (480 kW peak) okhala ndi 97%+ kupezeka.

Kapangidwe kamene kagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• Mbali ya gridi:kulumikizana kwa 150 kVA, kosasinthika kuchokera ku ntchito yomwe ilipo — palibe kukweza transformer, palibe pulojekiti yofunikira.
• Mbali yosungiramo zinthu:chidebe cha BESS cha 1 MWh chomwe chimachajidwa mosalekeza kuchokera ku mphamvu yotsala ya gridi usiku wonse, komanso [kabati yochajidwa ya BESS] (https://www.midapower.com/bess-charger-cabinet/) pa machaji awiriawiri kuti atumize.
• Mbali yolipiritsa:Ma charger anayi a DC othamanga okhala ndi mphamvu ya 120 kW pansi, ochokera ku DC bus; kuphulika kwakukulu komwe kumachokera ku batri.
• Mbali yolamulira:EMS iwiri yobwerezabwereza yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito kutumiza kochokera ku ziwonetsero, malingaliro oyendera zilumba, ndi telemetry yonse yakutali.
• Mbali yotentha:Ma racks a batri oziziritsidwa ndi madzi ndi ma module amphamvu okhala ndi kukula kwa 45°C chilimwe.

Zotsatira za ntchito zimatsatira chitsanzo ichi: malowa amalipiritsa magalimoto opitilira 150 patsiku pa kulumikizana kwa 150 kVA, amachotsa kulephera kwa ma feeder awiri pachaka, ndikukonza kulephera kulikonse kwa module mkati mwa maola 24 kudzera mwa bwenzi lophunzitsidwa lachigawo. Ndalama zomwe zikanagula transformer imodzi yosinthira m'malo mwake zidagula makina onse ochapira.

Mndandanda Woyang'anira Zogula Malo Akutali

Musanasainire kuyika kulikonse kwakutali, tsimikizirani zinthu izi muzofotokozera:

• Kutsatira malamulo ovomerezeka a chilumba ndi grid-code(CE, UL, kapena miyezo yakomweko) — popanda izi, tsamba silingathe kulekanitsa ndi kulumikizanso mwalamulo.
• Kuziziritsa madzi monga mwachizolowezi, si njira ina, pa ma module a batri ndi mphamvu.
• Ma module osinthika kwambirindi njira zolembedwa zosinthira zomwe kontrakitala aliyense wophunzitsidwa bwino angathe kuchita.
• Mavoti a IP65+ ozungulirapa makabati onse akunja ndi zolumikizira.
• Ma protocol otseguka— OCPP 2.0.1 ya ma charger ndi EMS API yolembedwa — kotero tsamba silimatsekedwa ku gulu loyang'anira la wogulitsa m'modzi.
• Mtundu wa kutentha komwe kwatchulidwakuphimba nyengo yoipa kwambiri pamalopo, ndi ma curve olakwika omwe afalitsidwa mu datasheet.

FAQ

1. Kodi BESS charging ingagwire ntchito pomwe palibe gridi konse?Inde. Magawo a BESS okhala ndi makontena komanso oyenda amalipiridwa ndi mphamvu ya dzuwa, jenereta, kapena gridi nthawi zina ndipo amapereka mphamvu zambiri zochajidwa nthawi zambiri. Kusinthana ndi mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito patsiku, zomwe kukula kwake kuyenera kugwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa magalimoto.

2. Kodi malo akutali a BESS amafunikira mphamvu yochuluka bwanji ya gridi?Malo ochajira a 480 kW okhala ndi 1 MWh BESS nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito pa 100–200 kVA ya mphamvu ya gridi, yomwe madera ambiri operekera chithandizo ali nayo kale. Batireyi imasunga mphamvu usiku wonse ndipo imapereka mphamvu zochajira masana.

3. N’chiyani chimapangitsa kuti chojambulira chakutali chikhale chodalirika pa kutentha kwambiri kapena kuzizira kwambiri?Ma racks a batri oziziritsidwa ndi madzi ndi ma module amagetsi amasunga mphamvu yoyendera bwino pa kutentha konse, pomwe ma enclosure a IP65+ amateteza zamagetsi ku fumbi, ayezi, ndi mchere. Kusamalira kutentha mwachangu ndiko kusiyana pakati pa 100% ndi 80% ya mphamvu yoyendera bwino nthawi yachilimwe.

4. Kodi malo akutali angakonzedwe mofulumira bwanji ngati gawo lalephera?Ndi ma module osinthika ndi wothandizana naye wophunzitsidwa m'deralo, module yamagetsi yolephera nthawi zambiri imasinthidwa mkati mwa maola 24. Yerekezerani izi ndi ma gridi okha omwe nthawi zambiri amayembekezera masiku kwa mainjiniya wa fakitale.

5. Kodi pali chojambulira chotani chomwe chilipo pa tsamba la BESS lopangidwa bwino lomwe?Kupezeka kwa 97–99% kumatha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito zida zowongolera zosafunikira, kuyang'anira patali, zida zosungiramo zinthu zina, komanso kukonza nyengo. Nthawi yotsala yogwira ntchito imayang'aniridwa ndi zinthu zoyendera, zomwe kapangidwe kake kamachepetsa.

6. Kodi malowa amapitiliza bwanji kutchaja nthawi iliyonse pamene gridi ya magetsi yazima?EMS imasintha malowo kukhala chilumba: ma inverter amachoka pa gridi ndipo malowo amayendetsedwa ndi batri yonse (ndi mphamvu ya dzuwa, ngati yayikidwa). Pansi yokhazikika imasungidwa kuti malowo athe kupereka ndalama zochepa ngakhale atazimitsidwa nthawi yayitali.

7. Kodi malo akutali amafunika akatswiri omwe ali pamalopo?Ayi. Njira yogwirira ntchito ndi kuyang'anira kutali komanso wothandizana naye m'chigawo chophunzitsira kusintha ma module. Maulendo okonzedwa nyengo (chilimwe chisanafike komanso nthawi yozizira isanafike) amaletsa kulephera kwakukulu; telemetry yakutali imazindikira zina zonse msanga.