Europe ndi United States: ndalama zothandizira zandale zikuwonjezeka, kumanga malo ochapira ndalama kukupitilira kufulumira

Pofuna kuchepetsa utsi woipa, mayiko a EU ndi a ku Ulaya afulumizitsa ntchito yomanga milu ya zolipirira kudzera mu mfundo zolimbikitsa. Mu msika wa ku Ulaya, kuyambira mu 2019, boma la UK lalengeza kuti lidzayika ndalama zokwana mapaundi 300 miliyoni m'njira zoyendera zosawononga chilengedwe, ndipo France idalengeza mu 2020 kuti idzagwiritsa ntchito ma euro 100 miliyoni pomanga malo ochapira. Pa Julayi 14, 2021, European Commission idatulutsa phukusi lotchedwa "fit for 55″", lomwe limafuna mayiko omwe ali mamembala kuti afulumizitse ntchito yomanga zomangamanga zatsopano zamagalimoto amphamvu kuti atsimikizire kuti pali malo ochapira magalimoto amagetsi pamtunda uliwonse wa makilomita 60 pamisewu ikuluikulu; mu 2022, mayiko a ku Ulaya adayambitsa mfundo zinazake, kuphatikizapo ndalama zothandizira kumanga malo ochapira magalimoto amalonda ndi malo ochapira nyumba, zomwe zingathandize kulipira ndalama zomangira ndi kukhazikitsa zida zochapira ndikulimbikitsa ogula kugula zochapira.

Mayiko ambiri aku Europe ayambitsa mfundo zolimbikitsa malo opangira magetsi m'nyumba ndi m'malo opangira magetsi amalonda kuti alimbikitse kwambiri ntchito yomanga malo opangira magetsi. Mayiko khumi ndi asanu, kuphatikizapo Germany, France, UK, Spain, Italy, Netherlands, Austria ndi Sweden, ayambitsa mfundo zolimbikitsa malo opangira magetsi m'nyumba ndi m'malo opangira magetsi amalonda limodzi ndi limodzi.

Kukula kwa malo ochapira magalimoto ku Europe kukucheperachepera kugulitsa magalimoto atsopano amagetsi, ndipo malo ochapira magalimoto a anthu onse ndi okwera kwambiri. Mu 2020 ndi 2021 mudzawona magalimoto atsopano amagetsi okwana 2.46 miliyoni ndi 4.37 miliyoni ku Europe motsatana, +77.3% ndi +48.0% pachaka; kuchuluka kwa magalimoto amagetsi kukukwera mofulumira, ndipo kufunikira kwa zida zochapira kukukweranso kwambiri. Komabe, kukula kwa zida zochapira magalimoto ku Europe kukucheperachepera kwambiri kugulitsa magalimoto atsopano amagetsi. Chifukwa chake, akuti chiŵerengero cha malo ochapira magalimoto a anthu onse ku Europe chidzakhala 9.0 ndi 12.3 mu 2020 ndi 2021 motsatana, zomwe zili pamlingo wapamwamba.

Ndondomekoyi ifulumizitsa ntchito yomanga malo ochapira ku Europe, zomwe ziwonjezera kwambiri kufunikira kwa malo ochapira. Malo ochapira 360,000 adzachitikira ku Europe mu 2021, ndipo kukula kwa msika watsopano kudzakhala pafupifupi $470 miliyoni. Akuyembekezeka kuti kukula kwa msika watsopano wa malo ochapira ku Europe kudzafika pa USD 3.7 biliyoni mu 2025, ndipo kukula kwa msika kudzakhalabe kwakukulu ndipo malo amsika ndi aakulu.

Chochaja choyimitsa magalimoto 2

Ndalama zothandizira ku US sizinachitikepo, ndipo zikulimbikitsa kwambiri kufunikira. Mu msika wa US, mu Novembala 2021, Senate idavomereza mwalamulo lamulo la zomangamanga la magawo awiri, lomwe likukonzekera kuyika $7.5 biliyoni pomanga zomangamanga. Pa Seputembala 14, 2022, Biden adalengeza ku Detroit Auto Show kuvomereza ndalama zoyamba za $900 miliyoni mu pulogalamu yomanga malo ochapira magalimoto amagetsi m'maboma 35. Kuyambira Ogasiti 2022, mayiko aku US afulumizitsa ndalama zothandizira zomangamanga za malo ochapira magalimoto amagetsi ndi amalonda kuti afulumizitse kukhazikitsa malo ochapira. Ndalama zothandizira za charger ya AC yokhala ndi siteshoni imodzi zimakhala pakati pa US$200-500; ndalama zothandizira za siteshoni ya AC ya anthu onse ndizokwera, zomwe zimakhala pakati pa US$3,000-6,000, zomwe zimatha kuphimba 40%-50% ya kugula zida zochapira, ndikulimbikitsa kwambiri ogula kugula charger ya EV. Ndi kusonkhezera kwa mfundozi, akuyembekezeka kuti malo ochapira magalimoto ku Europe ndi United States adzayambitsa nthawi yomanga mwachangu m'zaka zingapo zikubwerazi.

Kupanga Ma Charger a DC EV ku US

Boma la US likulimbikitsa kwambiri ntchito yomanga zomangamanga zochapira, ndipo kufunikira kwa malo ochapira kudzawona kukula mwachangu. Tesla ikulimbikitsa chitukuko chachangu cha magalimoto atsopano amphamvu pamsika wa US, koma ntchito yomanga zomangamanga zochapira ikuchedwa kwambiri pakupanga magalimoto atsopano amphamvu. Pofika kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2021, chiwerengero cha malo ochapira magalimoto atsopano amphamvu ku US chinali mayunitsi 113,000, pomwe chiwerengero cha magalimoto atsopano amphamvu chinali mayunitsi 2.202 miliyoni, ndi chiŵerengero cha magalimoto ndi malo ochapira cha 15.9.

Kumanga malo ochapira magalimoto sikukwanira. Boma la Biden likulimbikitsa kumanga zomangamanga zochapira magalimoto a EV kudzera mu pulogalamu ya NEVI. Netiweki yapadziko lonse ya malo ochapira magalimoto okwana 500,000 idzakhazikitsidwa pofika chaka cha 2030, ndi miyezo yatsopano yolipirira liwiro, kufalikira kwa ogwiritsa ntchito, kugwirira ntchito limodzi, njira zolipirira, mitengo ndi zina. Kuwonjezeka kwa magalimoto atsopano amphamvu pamodzi ndi chithandizo champhamvu cha mfundo kudzayendetsa kwambiri kukula kwa kufunikira kwa malo ochapira magalimoto. Kuphatikiza apo, kupanga ndi kugulitsa magalimoto atsopano amphamvu ku US kukukula mofulumira, ndi magalimoto atsopano amphamvu okwana 652,000 ogulitsidwa mu 2021 ndipo akuyembekezeka kufika pa 3.07 miliyoni pofika chaka cha 2025, ndi CAGR ya 36.6%, ndi umwini wa magalimoto atsopano amphamvu kufika pa 9.06 miliyoni. Malo ochapira magalimoto ndi malo ofunikira kwambiri pamagalimoto atsopano amphamvu, ndipo kukwera kwa umwini wa magalimoto atsopano amphamvu kuyenera kutsagana ndi milu ya zochapira kuti akwaniritse zosowa za eni magalimoto.

Kufunika kwa malo ochapira magalimoto ku United States kukuyembekezeka kupitiliza kukula mofulumira, malo amsika ndi akulu. Mu 2021, kukula konse kwa msika wa ma EV charger ku United States ndi kochepa, pafupifupi madola 180 miliyoni aku US, ndi kukula mwachangu kwa umwini wa magalimoto atsopano amagetsi komwe kwachitika chifukwa cha ma EV charger omwe amathandizira kufunikira kwa zomangamanga, msika wadziko lonse wa ma EV charger ukuyembekezeka kufika pa madola 2.78 biliyoni aku US mu 2025, CAGR mpaka 70%, msika ukupitiliza kukula mwachangu, malo amsika amtsogolo ndi akulu. Msika ukupitiliza kukula mwachangu, ndipo msika wamtsogolo uli ndi malo ambiri.