Turai da Amurka: tallafin manufofi ya karu, ginin tashoshin caji yana ci gaba da sauri

A ƙarƙashin manufar rage hayaki mai gurbata muhalli, Tarayyar Turai da ƙasashen Turai sun hanzarta gina tukwanen caji ta hanyar ƙarfafa manufofi. A kasuwar Turai, tun daga shekarar 2019, gwamnatin Burtaniya ta sanar da cewa za ta zuba jarin fam miliyan 300 a hanyoyin sufuri masu kyau ga muhalli, kuma Faransa ta sanar a shekarar 2020 cewa za ta yi amfani da Yuro miliyan 100 don zuba jari a gina tashoshin caji. A ranar 14 ga Yuli, 2021, Hukumar Tarayyar Turai ta fitar da wani shiri mai suna "ya dace da 55", wanda ke buƙatar ƙasashe membobinsu su hanzarta gina sabbin kayayyakin more rayuwa na ababen hawa masu amfani da makamashi don tabbatar da cewa akwai tashar caji ta motocin lantarki a kowace kilomita 60 a manyan hanyoyi; a shekarar 2022, ƙasashen Turai sun gabatar da takamaiman manufofi, gami da tallafin gina tashoshin caji na kasuwanci da tashoshin caji na gidaje, waɗanda za su iya biyan kuɗin gini da shigarwa na kayan caji da kuma tallata masu amfani da su don siyan caja.

Ƙasashe da dama na Turai sun ƙaddamar da manufofin ƙarfafa gwiwa ga tashoshin wutar lantarki na gidaje da tashoshin wutar lantarki na kasuwanci don ƙarfafa gina tashoshin caji. Ƙasashe 15, ciki har da Jamus, Faransa, Birtaniya, Spain, Italiya, Netherlands, Austria da Sweden, sun ƙaddamar da manufofin ƙarfafa gwiwa ga tashoshin caji na gidaje da na kasuwanci ɗaya bayan ɗaya.

Yawan karuwar tashoshin caji a Turai ya ragu bayan sayar da sabbin motocin makamashi, kuma tashoshin gwamnati sun yi yawa. A shekarar 2020 da 2021, sabbin motocin makamashi miliyan 2.46 da miliyan 4.37 za su karu a Turai, +77.3% da +48.0% a kowace shekara; yawan shigar motocin lantarki yana karuwa da sauri, kuma bukatar kayan caji shi ma yana karuwa sosai. Duk da haka, karuwar kayan caji a Turai yana raguwa sosai bayan sayar da sabbin motocin makamashi. Saboda haka, an kiyasta cewa rabon tashoshin caji na jama'a a Turai zai kasance 9.0 da 12.3 a shekarar 2020 da 2021, wanda hakan ya kai wani babban mataki.

Manufar za ta hanzarta gina kayayyakin more rayuwa na caji a Turai, wanda zai ƙara yawan buƙatar tashoshin caji. Za a gudanar da tashoshin caji 360,000 a Turai a shekarar 2021, kuma sabon girman kasuwa zai kai kimanin dala miliyan 470. Ana sa ran sabon girman kasuwar tashoshin caji a Turai zai kai dala biliyan 3.7 a shekarar 2025, kuma ƙimar ci gaban zai ci gaba da kasancewa mai yawa kuma sararin kasuwa yana da faɗi.

Cajin ajiye motoci 2

Tallafin Amurka ba a taɓa yin irinsa ba, kuma yana ƙara wa buƙatu ƙarfi. A kasuwar Amurka, a watan Nuwamba na 2021, Majalisar Dattawa ta amince da kudirin samar da ababen more rayuwa na jam'iyyu biyu a hukumance, wanda ke shirin zuba jarin dala biliyan 7.5 wajen gina manyan ababen more rayuwa. A ranar 14 ga Satumba, 2022, Biden ya sanar a bikin baje kolin motoci na Detroit Auto Show amincewa da dala miliyan 900 na farko a cikin shirin samar da ababen more rayuwa don gina tashoshin caji na ababen hawa masu amfani da wutar lantarki a jihohi 35. Tun daga watan Agusta na 2022, jihohin Amurka sun hanzarta tallafin gini ga tashoshin caji na EV na gidaje da na kasuwanci don hanzarta aiwatar da tashoshin caji. Adadin tallafin caji na AC na gidaje masu tashoshi ɗaya ya taru tsakanin dala 200-500 na Amurka; adadin tallafin da ake bayarwa ga tashoshin AC na jama'a ya fi yawa, wanda aka tara tsakanin dala 3,000-6,000 na Amurka, wanda zai iya rufe kashi 40%-50% na siyan kayan caji, kuma yana ƙarfafa masu amfani da su su sayi EV caja. Tare da ƙarfafa manufofin, ana sa ran tashoshin caji a Turai da Amurka za su haifar da lokacin gini cikin sauri a cikin shekaru masu zuwa.

Ci gaban na'urorin caji na DC EV a Amurka

Gwamnatin Amurka tana himma wajen inganta gina kayayyakin more rayuwa na caji, kuma bukatar tashoshin caji za ta ga ci gaba cikin sauri. Tesla tana inganta ci gaban sabbin motocin makamashi cikin sauri a kasuwar Amurka, amma gina kayayyakin more rayuwa na caji yana baya ga ci gaban sabbin motocin makamashi. Zuwa karshen shekarar 2021, adadin tashoshin caji na sabbin motocin makamashi a Amurka ya kai raka'a 113,000, yayin da adadin sabbin motocin makamashi ya kai raka'a miliyan 2.202, tare da rabon motoci da tashoshin caji na 15.9.

Gina tashar caji babu shakka bai isa ba. Gwamnatin Biden tana haɓaka gina kayayyakin more rayuwa na caji na EV ta hanyar shirin NEVI. Za a kafa hanyar sadarwa ta ƙasa baki ɗaya mai tashoshin caji 500,000 nan da shekarar 2030, tare da sabbin ƙa'idodi don saurin caji, ɗaukar nauyin masu amfani, haɗin kai, tsarin biyan kuɗi, farashi da sauran fannoni. Ƙara yawan shigar sabbin motocin makamashi tare da tallafin manufofi mai ƙarfi zai haifar da saurin buƙatu na tashar caji. Bugu da ƙari, samarwa da tallace-tallace na sabbin motocin makamashi na Amurka suna ƙaruwa cikin sauri, tare da sayar da sabbin motocin makamashi 652,000 a cikin 2021 kuma ana sa ran za su kai miliyan 3.07 nan da 2025, tare da CAGR na 36.6%, kuma mallakar sabbin motocin makamashi ya kai miliyan 9.06. Tashoshin caji muhimmin kayan aiki ne ga sabbin motocin makamashi, kuma karuwar mallakar sabbin motocin makamashi dole ne ta kasance tare da tarin caji don biyan buƙatun caji na masu ababen hawa.

Ana sa ran buƙatar tashar caji ta Amurka za ta ci gaba da girma cikin sauri, sararin kasuwa yana da faɗi. A shekarar 2021, jimlar girman kasuwar caja ta EV ta Amurka ƙarami ne, kimanin dala miliyan 180, tare da saurin haɓakar mallakar sabbin motoci masu amfani da makamashi wanda caja ta EV ta haifar wanda ke tallafawa buƙatar gini, ana sa ran kasuwar caja ta EV ta ƙasa za ta kai jimillar adadin dalar Amurka biliyan 2.78 a shekarar 2025, CAGR har zuwa kashi 70%, kasuwa ta ci gaba da girma cikin sauri, sararin kasuwa na gaba yana da faɗi. Kasuwa ta ci gaba da girma cikin sauri, kuma kasuwar nan gaba tana da faɗi sosai.