Itekhnoloji yeV2G kunye nemeko yayo yangoku ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe

Itekhnoloji yeV2G kunye nemeko yayo yangoku ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe

Yintoni iteknoloji yeV2G?
Itekhnoloji ye-V2G ibhekisa kukuhanjiswa kwamandla phakathi kwezithuthi kunye negridi yamandla. I-V2G, imfutshane ye-"Vehicle-to-Grid," ivumela izithuthi zombane ukuba zihlawule ngegridi yamandla ngelixa ngaxeshanye isondla amandla agciniweyo abuyele kwigridi. Eyona njongo iphambili yeteknoloji ye-V2G kukuphucula amandla okuqhuba izithuthi zombane kunye nokubonelela ngenkxaso yonikezelo lwamandla kunye neenkonzo zolawulo kwigridi yombane.

Ngetekhnoloji yeV2G, izithuthi zombane zinokusebenza njengezixhobo zokugcina amandla, ukondla umbane oshiyekileyo ubuyela kwigridi ukuze usetyenziswe ngabanye abasebenzisi. Ngexesha leemfuno zegridi eziphakamileyo, iteknoloji ye-V2G yenza ukuba kukhululwe amandla emoto agciniweyo abuyele kwigridi, encedisa ukulinganisa umthwalo. Ngokwahlukileyo, ngexesha leemfuno zegridi ephantsi, izithuthi zombane zinokutsala amandla kwigridi ukuze ziphinde zitshaje. Izithuthi zombane zifunxa umbane ngexesha lomthwalo wegridi ephantsi kwaye ziwukhulule ngexesha lomthwalo wegridi ephezulu, ngaloo ndlela zifumana inzuzo ngokwahluka kwexabiso. Ukuba i-V2G ifunyenwe ngokupheleleyo, yonke isithuthi sombane sinokuthathwa njengebhanki yamandla amancinci: ukuxhuma ngexesha lomthwalo ophantsi wegridi ngokuzenzekelayo ugcina amandla, ngelixa ngexesha lomthwalo ophezulu wegridi, amandla agcinwe kwibhetri yamandla esithuthi anokuthengiswa abuyele kwigridi ukuze afumane umehluko wexabiso.

Imeko yangoku ye-V2G e-China I-China inezona nqwelo mafutha zombane zikhulu ehlabathini, inikezela ngesakhono esikhulu sokuthengiselana kwisithuthi ukuya kwigridi (V2G). Ukusukela ngo-2020, urhulumente uye wazisa imigaqo-nkqubo emininzi yokuqhubela phambili itekhnoloji yeV2G, kunye namaziko adumileyo afana neYunivesithi yaseTsinghua kunye neYunivesithi yaseZhejiang eqhuba uphando olunzulu. Ngomhla we-17 kuCanzibe, iKomishoni yoPhuhliso noHlengahlengiso yeSizwe kunye noLawulo lweSizwe lwezaMandla zikhuphe iiMvo zokuPhunyezwa ngokuKhawuleza uLwakhiwo lweZibonelelo eziTshajayo ukuze kuxhaswe ngcono iZithuthi zaMandla eziNtsha kwiMimandla yaseMaphandleni kunye noVuselelo lwaseMaphandleni. Olu xwebhu luphakamisa: ukukhuthaza uphando kwiiteknoloji eziphambili ezifana nokusebenzisana kwe-bidirectional phakathi kwezithuthi zombane kunye negridi (V2G) kunye nokulawulwa kokulungelelaniswa kokuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic, ukugcinwa kwamandla kunye nokutshaja. Ikwaphonononga ukusekwa kweziseko ezingundoqo zokutshaja ezibonelela ngokuveliswa kombane we-photovoltaic, ukugcinwa kwamandla, kunye nokutshaja kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni apho amazinga okusetyenziswa kweemfumba zokutshaja aphantsi. Ukuphunyezwa kwemigaqo-nkqubo yamaxabiso ombane okwincopho-phezulu kuya kukhuthaza abasebenzisi ukuba bahlawule ngexesha leeyure ongasebenzi ngazo kakhulu. Ngo-2030, iintlawulo zemfuno (umthamo) ziyakuyekwa kwiintlawulo ezibekwe kwindawo enye kunye nezibonelelo zokutshintsha iibhetri ezisebenza phantsi kwenkqubo yoluhlu lweentlawulo ezimbini. Izithintelo kuthungelwano lolwakhiwo lotyalo-mali olusebenzayo kumashishini othungelwano lwegridi luya kuthotywa, kunye nokubuyiselwa okupheleleyo kudityaniswe kwiirhafu zothumelo nokusasazwa. Imeko yesicelo: I-Shanghai ibamba imimandla emithathu yokubonisa i-V2G ebandakanya ii-EVs ezingaphezu kweshumi, ikhupha malunga ne-500 kWh ngenyanga ngesantya sengeniso ye-¥0.8 nge-kWh nganye. Ngo-2022, uChongqing wagqiba umjikelo weyure ezingama-48 wokutshaja/ukukhupha i-EV, efunxa i-44 kWh ngokuhlangeneyo. Ukongeza, eminye imimandla ngaphakathi kweTshayina iphonononga amalinge okulinga e-V2G, afana neprojekthi yokubonisa i-Beijing Renji Building V2G kunye neprojekthi yokubonisa i-Beijing China Re Centre V2G. Ngo-2021, i-BYD yaqalisa inkqubo yeminyaka emihlanu yokuhambisa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-5,000 i-V2G-enikwe amandla ephakathi kunye ne-heavy-duty-duty-heavy yezithuthi zombane ezisulungekileyo kwi-Levo Mobility LLC. Amazwe angaphesheya kwe-V2G Landscape eYurophu naseMelika abeke ugxininiso oluthile kwi-teknoloji ye-V2G, ukwazisa ngenkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo ocacileyo kwasekuqaleni. Ukusukela ngo-2012, iYunivesithi yaseDelaware yasungula iprojekthi yokulinga ye-eV2gSM, ejolise ekuvavanyeni ixabiso elinokubakho kunye noqoqosho lwezithuthi zombane ezibonelela ngeenkonzo zolawulo lwamaxesha ngamaxesha kwigridi ye-PJM phantsi kweemeko ze-V2G ukunciphisa ukuphazanyiswa okukhoyo kwamandla ahlaziyekayo. Ukwenza ukuba izithuthi zombane zeYunivesithi yaseDelaware zibe namandla aphantsi ukuba zithathe inxaxheba kwimarike yolawulo lwamaza, umqhubi wenqwelo-moya uthobe awona mandla afunekayo kubaboneleli benkonzo yolawulo lwamaza ombane ukusuka kuma-500 eekhilowathi ukuya malunga ne-100 yeekhilowathi. Kwi-2014, ngenkxaso evela kwiSebe lezoKhuselo lase-US kunye neKhomishoni yaMandla yaseCalifornia, iprojekthi yokubonisa yaqala eLos Angeles Air Force Base. NgoNovemba 2016, iKhomishoni ye-Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) iphakamise izilungiso zokulawula ukuququzelela ukungena kokugcinwa kwamandla kunye nokusabalalisa imithombo yamandla (DER) abahlanganisi kwiimarike zombane. Lilonke, ungqinisiso olulingwayo lwase-US lubonakala lubanzi, kunye neendlela ezihambelanayo zomgaqo-nkqubo ezinokugqityezelwa kunyaka omnye ukuya kwemibini ezayo, ngaloo ndlela iqhubela i-V2G kumsebenzi worhwebo obonakalayo. Kwi-European Union, inkqubo ye-SEEV4-City yaqala ngo-2016, inikezela i-5 yezigidi zeedola ukuxhasa iiprojekthi ezintandathu kumazwe amahlanu. Eli nyathelo ligxile ekwenzeni i-microgrids idibanise amandla avuselelekayo ngokusebenzisa i-V2H, i-V2B, kunye ne-V2N izicelo. Ngo-2018, urhulumente wase-UK ubhengeze inkxaso-mali emalunga ne-30 yezigidi zeerandi kwiiprojekthi ze-21 ze-V2G. Le nkxaso-mali ijolise ekuvavanyeni iziphumo ezifanelekileyo zetekhnoloji ye-R&D ngelixa ngaxeshanye kuchongwa amathuba entengiso kwezo teknoloji.

Ubunzima boBugcisa kunye nemingeni ye-V2G yeTekhnoloji yokuNhambelana neSixhobo:

Ukuhambelana phakathi kwezithuthi ezahlukeneyo, iibhetri, kunye neegridi zamandla kunika umngeni omkhulu. Ukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana okuphezulu kwiiprothokholi zonxibelelwano kunye nokutshaja / ukukhupha ujongano phakathi kwezithuthi kunye negridi kubalulekile ekugqithiseni amandla kunye nokusebenzisana. Ukuguquguquka kwegridi: Ukudibanisa inani elikhulu lezithuthi zombane kwiinkqubo zokusebenzisana zamandla othungelwano kunokubangela imingeni kwiziseko ezingundoqo zombane. Imiba efuna ukusonjululwa ibandakanya ulawulo lomthwalo wegridi, ukuthembeka kwegridi kunye nokuzinza, kunye nokuguquguquka kwegridi ekuhlangabezaneni neemfuno zokutshaja kwe-EV. Imingeni yobuchwephesha: Iinkqubo ze-V2G kufuneka zoyise imiqobo emininzi yobugcisa, njengokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kunye nokukhupha itekhnoloji, iinkqubo zolawulo lwebhetri, kunye nobuchule bonxibelelwano lwegridi. Le mingeni ifuna ulinge oluqhubekayo kunye nophando kunye nophuhliso. Ulawulo lwebhetri yeMoto: Kwizithuthi zombane, ibhetri isebenza njengesixhobo esibalulekileyo sokugcina amandla. Ngaphakathi kweenkqubo ze-V2G, ulawulo oluchanekileyo kulawulo lwebhetri lubalulekile ukulungelelanisa iimfuno zegridi ngokuqwalasela ubomi obude bebhetri. Ukutshaja / ukukhutshwa ngokuSebenzayo kunye nesantya: Ukufezekisa iinkqubo ezichanekileyo zokutshaja kunye nokukhutshwa kubalulekile ekusetyenzisweni ngempumelelo kweteknoloji yeV2G. Ubuchwepheshe bokutshaja obukwinqanaba eliphezulu kufuneka buphuhliswe ukomeleza ugqithiso lwamandla kunye nesantya esifanelekileyo ngelixa kuncitshiswa ilahleko yamandla. Ukuzinza kweGridi: Iteknoloji ye-V2G ibandakanya ukudibanisa izithuthi zombane njengenxalenye yegridi, ukubeka iimfuno eziphakamileyo kuzinzo kunye nokhuseleko lwegridi. Imiba enokubakho evela kuthungelwano lwegridi yesithuthi esikhulu kufuneka iqwalaselwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthembeka nokuzinza kwenkqubo yamandla. IiNdlela zeMarike: Imodeli yorhwebo kunye neendlela zentengiso zeV2G iinkqubo nazo zibonelela ngemingeni. Kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ngononophelo kunye nesisombululo ukulungelelanisa imidla yabathathi-nxaxheba, ukuseka iziseko zeentlawulo ezifanelekileyo, kunye nokukhuthaza ukuthatha inxaxheba kwabasebenzisi kutshintshiselwano lwamandla eV2G.

Izinto eziluncedo kwi-V2G Technology:

Ulawulo lwamandla: Iteknoloji ye-V2G yenza ukuba izithuthi zombane zondle umbane zibuyele kwigridi, ziququzelele ukuhamba kwamandla amabini. Oku kunceda ekulinganiseni imithwalo yegridi, ukuqinisa uzinzo kunye nokuthembeka kwegridi, kunye nokunciphisa ukuthembela kwimithombo yamandla angcolisekileyo efana nokuveliswa kwamandla ngamalahle emveli. Ugcino lwamandla: Izithuthi zombane zinokusebenza njengenxalenye yeenkqubo zokugcina amandla ezisasazwayo, zigcina umbane othe chatha kwaye ziwukhulule xa kuyimfuneko. Oku kunceda ekulinganiseni imithwalo yegridi kwaye ibonelela ngenkxaso yombane eyongezelelweyo ngexesha lamaxesha aphakamileyo. Ukuveliswa kweNgeniso: Ngeteknoloji ye-V2G, abanini bezithuthi banokuqhagamshela izithuthi zabo zombane kwigridi, bathengise umbane emva kwaye bafumane umvuzo ohambelanayo okanye inkuthazo. Oku kubonelela ngengeniso eyongezelelweyo kubanini be-EV. Ukukhutshwa kweKhabhoni okuNcitshisiweyo: Ngokunciphisa ukuthembela kwimithombo yamandla angcolisekileyo eqhelekileyo, iimoto zombane ezenziwe nge-V2G zinokuthoba i-carbon dioxide kunye nezinye izinto ezikhutshwa yi-greenhouse gas, zivelise iimpembelelo ezintle zokusingqongileyo. I-Flexibility Grid ephuculweyo: Iteknoloji ye-V2G iququzelela ulawulo lwegridi eguquguqukayo, ukuphucula ukuzinza nokuthembeka. Ivumela uhlengahlengiso oluguquguqukayo kwi-grid ye-balance-demand balance esekelwe kwiimeko zexesha langempela, ngaloo ndlela iphakamisa ukulungelelaniswa kwegridi kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.