Ukubusa Kwe-EV YaseShayina: Ukuhlanganiswa Kwe-Supply Chain, Ukusebenza Kahle Kwe-R&D, kanye Nomthelela Wemakethe Yomhlaba Wonke

Inhloso Enkulu Kagesi: Indlela Uchungechunge Lokunikezela Oluhlanganisiwe Ngokuqondile lwaseShayina, Ucwaningo Nokuthuthukiswa Okuqhutshwa Yi-Algorithm, kanye Nokusungula Okuhlakaniphile Kwe-Cockpit Okuyiguqula Ngayo Indawo Yomhlaba Wonke Ye-EV Phakathi Kwezinselele Zentela YaseYurophu kanye Nokushintsha Kwesimo Sezwe

1. Ushintsho Lwezimo Ezivamile Ebukhulwini Bezimoto Zomhlaba Wonke

Sekuyiminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu, ukuhlelwa kwezimoto emhlabeni wonke kwachazwa ikhono lenjini yokushisa yangaphakathi (ICE). Ubunjiniyela bokunemba baseJalimane, ukuthembeka kwaseJapane, kanye nesilinganiso saseMelika kwakuyizinsika zemboni. Kodwa-ke, ukuqala kweminyaka yawo-2020 kubonise ukuqhekeka okukhulu kulolu hlelo olumisiwe. Ukushintshela ezimotweni zikagesi (ama-EV) akulona nje ushintsho ku-powertrain; kuyishintsho eliyisisekelo ku-DNA yobuchwepheshe bezimoto. Kulesi sikhathi esisha, iShayina ayivelanga nje njengomhlanganyeli, kodwa njengomklami oyinhloko wohlelo olusha lwezimoto emhlabeni.

Indaba yokuthi “ama-EV aseShayina ayafinyelela ezingeni elifanele” manje isiphelelwe yisikhathi. Iqiniso liwukuthi ama-EV aseShayina adlule izimbangi zawo zaseYurophu naseMelika ngezindlela eziningana ezibalulekile: ukusebenza kahle kwezindleko, isivinini sokusungula izinto ezintsha, ukuhlanganiswa kwesofthiwe, kanye nokuqina kochungechunge lokuhlinzeka. Lokhu kukhuphuka kwezobuchwepheshe kuwumphumela wenqubomgomo yezimboni yesikhathi eside, ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu ku-R&D, kanye nesiko eliyingqayizivele labathengi elisebenzisa idijithali eliphatha imoto njenge-smartphone egingqikayo kunokuba ithuluzi lokuthutha elenziwe ngomshini.

Njengoba sihlaziya isimo samanje semakethe yomhlaba wonke, sibona umehluko omkhulu. Ama-OEM akudala (Abakhiqizi Bemishini Yokuqala) eNtshonalanga abhekene nobunzima "besikweletu sefa" - izinqubo zokukhiqiza zasendulo, amanethiwekhi ayinkimbinkimbi okuthengisa, kanye nesiko labaphakeli elihamba kancane. Okwamanje, izinkampani zaseShayina ezifana ne-BYD, i-NIO, i-XPeng, kanye ne-Li Auto, kanye nezinkunzi zobuchwepheshe ezingena endaweni efana ne-Xiaomi ne-Huawei, zisebenza kulokho abantu bangaphakathi embonini abakubiza ngokuthi "iShayina Speed." Lesi sahluko sihlola izakhi eziyisisekelo zalolu shintsho futhi sibeka isiteji sokucwila ngokujulile ezinsikeni zobuchwepheshe nezamasu zokubusa kwe-EV yaseShayina.

2. Izisekelo Zokubusa: Uhlelo Lwemvelo Lwebhethri Le-Lithium LaseShayina

Inhliziyo yemoto ngayinye ibhethri, elibiza u-30% kuya ku-40% wezindleko zemoto iyonke. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi kungani izimoto zaseShayina zingcono ngentengo nokusebenza, umuntu kufanele abheke uchungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwebhethri le-lithium-ion. IShayina ayikhiqizi nje amabhethri kuphela; ilawula lonke uchungechunge lwenani kusukela ekuhlanzeni amaminerali kuya ekuhlanganisweni kwamaseli.

I-Mineral Monopoly

Nakuba i-lithium, i-cobalt, kanye ne-nickel zimbiwa emhlabeni jikelele, inqubo yokucwenga igxile kakhulu eShayina. Ngaphezu kwama-70% okucwenga i-lithium emhlabeni kanye cishe nama-80% okucwenga i-cobalt kwenzeka ngaphakathi kwemingcele yaseShayina. Lokhu kunikeza abenzi bezimoto zikagesi baseShayina inzuzo yentengo "ehamba phambili" izimbangi zaseNtshonalanga ezingenakukwazi ukuyilinganisa. Izinkampani ezifana neGanfeng Lithium kanye neTianqi Lithium zithole izinkontileka zesikhathi eside kanye namasheya ezimayini kusukela e-Australia kuya eNingizimu Melika, okuqinisekisa ukugeleza okuqhubekayo kwezinto zokusetshenziswa kungakhathaliseki ukushintshashintsha kwemakethe.

I-CATL ne-BYD: Ama-Titans of Energy

I-CATL (Contemporary Amperex Technology Co. Limited) ingumholi womhlaba ongaphikiswana naye ekukhiqizeni amabhethri. Ukusungula kwabo ubuchwepheshe be-cell-to-pack (CTP) kuvumele ukuminyana kwamandla aphezulu ngaphandle kwesidingo samamojula endabuko, kunciphisa isisindo kanye nezindleko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusunduza kweShayina kumakhemikhali e-Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP)—ubuchwepheshe obake bachithwa abenzi bezimoto baseNtshonalanga njengobunamandla amancane—kuye kwabonakala kuyindlela yobuciko. Amabhethri e-LFP aphephile, ashibhile, futhi ahlala isikhathi eside kunalawo angontanga bawo be-Nickel-Cobalt-Manganese (NCM). Ngokulungisa ubuchwepheshe be-LFP, imikhiqizo yaseShayina ikwazile ukukhiqiza ama-EV angabizi asanikeza ububanzi obuncintisanayo.

“Ibhethri Le-Blade” le-BYD lingenye ingqophamlando yobuchwepheshe. Ngokusebenzisa isici eside, esincane, ibhethri Le-Blade lenza isikhala sibe ngcono futhi liphumelele izivivinyo zokuphepha eziqinile kakhulu, okuhlanganisa nokuhlolwa kokungena kwezipikili ngaphandle kokubamba umlilo. Leli zinga lokuphepha nokusebenza kahle kwevolumu lenze amabhethri aseShayina abe yisinqumo esikhethwayo ngisho nasezinkampanini zaseNtshonalanga; iTesla neToyota manje bathola amabhethri kubaphikisi babo baseShayina ukuze bahlale bencintisana.

3. Ukuhlanganiswa Okuqondile: Imodeli ye-BYD kanye Nokufa Kokuxhomekeka Kwabahlinzeki Be-Tier-1

Imodeli yezimoto yendabuko yayithembele kunethiwekhi enkulu yabahlinzeki be-Tier-1 kanye ne-Tier-2 (njengeBosch, Continental, kanye neDenso). I-OEM yayizoklama imoto futhi ihlanganise izingxenye ezithathwe kulaba baphakeli. Abaholi bezimoto ze-EV zaseShayina, ikakhulukazi i-BYD, balahle le modeli ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa okuqondile ngokweqile.

Isu Lokwenza Konke Kube Yindlu

I-BYD empeleni iyinkampani yezobuchwepheshe eyakha izimoto. Bakhiqiza amabhethri abo, izinjini zikagesi, ama-elekthronikhi kagesi, ngisho nama-semiconductor (ama-IGBT nama-SiC MOSFET) alawula ukugeleza kwamandla. Ngesikhathi sokuntuleka kwe-semiconductor emhlabeni wonke ngo-2021-2022, ngenkathi izitshalo zaseNtshonalanga zimi ndawonye, ​​​​imigqa yokukhiqiza ye-BYD yaqhubeka nokuduma ngoba yayinazo i-silicon.

Lokhu kuhlanganiswa okuqondile kunikeza izinzuzo ezimbili ezinkulu:

1. Ukulawula Izindleko: Ngokususa izinzuzo eziningi zabahlinzeki, i-BYD ingakhiqiza imoto efana ne-Seagull noma i-Dolphin ngentengo ($10,000 kuya ku-$15,000) abakhiqizi baseNtshonalanga abakuthola kungenakwenzeka ukuyifinyelela ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yimali.
2. Ukuvumelana Komklamo: Uma ibhethri, injini, kanye nesofthiwe kuklanywe yithimba elifanayo lobunjiniyela, izinga lokuhlanganiswa liphakeme kakhulu. Lokhu kuholela ekuphathweni okungcono kokushisa, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho komsebenzisi okuhlangene kakhudlwana.

I-Powertrain "Yonke-Kunye"

Izinkampani ezifana neHuawei ne-BYD zisungule izinhlelo zokushayela zikagesi ze-8-in-1 noma ngisho ne-12-in-1. Ngokuhlanganisa injini, i-gearbox, i-inverter, i-DC-DC converter, kanye neshaja engaphakathi kwemoto ibe yiyunithi eyodwa ehlanganisiwe, zinciphisa umthelela wemoto, zehlise isisindo, futhi zenze lula inqubo yokukhiqiza. Leli yizinga lokuhlanganiswa imikhiqizo eminingi yaseYurophu eqala ukulizama manje kumapulatifomu ayo esizukulwane esilandelayo.

4. Ama-Cockpits Ahlakaniphile Nezimoto Ezichazwe Ngesofthiwe (ama-SDV): I-Digital Edge

Emehlweni omthengi wanamuhla waseShayina, imoto ayihlulelwa ngesikhathi sayo esingu-0-60 mph, kodwa ngokushelela kwesikrini sayo sokuthinta kanye nokuhlakanipha komsizi wayo wezwi. Lena indawo ye-“Smart Cockpit,” lapho izinkampani zaseShayina zishiye khona izimbangi zazo esibukweni sangemuva.

Isistimu Yezinto Ezihambayo Ezihamba Ngamasondo

Abenzi bezimoto basendulo baseNtshonalanga bavame ukuba nezinkinga ngesofthiwe, okuholela ezinhlelweni zokuzijabulisa ezingasebenzi kahle kanye nokuxhumana kwabasebenzisi okuhlukene. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ama-EV aseShayina akhelwe kuma-chip ezimoto asebenza kahle njenge-Qualcomm Snapdragon 8295. Ukwakheka kwesofthiwe kuvame ukutholakala kuzinhlaka ze-smartphone OS (njenge-HarmonyOS ye-Huawei noma i-Banyan ye-NIO).

Izici ezibalulekile ze-Chinese Smart Cockpit zifaka:

• Izindawo Ezinezikrini EziningiIzimoto ezifana ne-Li Auto L9 zinezikrini ezinkulu ze-OLED zomshayeli, umgibeli, nezihlalo zangemuva, konke kuvumelaniswe ukuze kube nesipiliyoni "se-cinema".
• Abasizi Bezwi be-AI: Lezi akuzona izinhlelo eziyisisekelo ze-“Call Mom” zasendulo. Abasizi be-AI ku-NIO noma i-XPeng bangakwazi ukubona ukuthi yimuphi umgibeli okhulumayo, balawule wonke amafasitela, balungise uhlelo lwephunga, futhi bahlanganyele ngisho nasezingxoxweni zemvelo, eziphendula izikhathi eziningi.
• Imidlalo Yezimoto Nokukhiqiza: Ngokuxhumeka kwe-5G nama-GPU anamandla, ama-EV aseShayina aseba amahhovisi ahambayo kanye nezindawo zokuphumula zemidlalo, aphelele ngokuhlanganiswa kwe-VR/AR.

Izibuyekezo Zasemoyeni (OTA)

Nakuba iTesla isungule izibuyekezo ze-OTA, imikhiqizo yaseShayina iyilungisile. I-EV yaseShayina iyathuthuka njalo ngenyanga. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isibuyekezo sokulungiswa kokumiswa, isikhumba esisha se-UI, noma ukuthuthukiswa kwama-algorithms e-ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance Systems), i-"Software-Defined Vehicle" iqinisekisa ukuthi ihadiwe ihlala ibalulekile isikhathi eside ngemva kokuthenga. Lo mjikelezo wokuphindaphinda okusheshayo uyingxenye ebalulekile "yeShayina Speed" ama-OEM endabuko ayithola isongela kangaka.

5. Ucwaningo Nokuthuthukiswa Okuqhutshwa Yi-Algorithm: Ubunjiniyela Ngesivinini Sokukhanya

Enye yezinzuzo ezibaluleke kakhulu kodwa ezingabonakali kakhulu zezinkampani ze-EV zaseShayina ukusebenza kahle kwazo kwe-R&D. Umjikelezo wendabuko wokuthuthukiswa kwemodeli entsha yemoto eYurophu noma e-US uthatha izinyanga ezingu-48 kuya kwezingu-60. Izinkampani zaseShayina zikwenza lokhu ezinyangeni ezingu-18 kuya kwezingu-24.

Amawele Edijithali Nokulingisa

Onjiniyela baseShayina bathembele kakhulu ku-“Digital Twins” kanye nokulingisa okuthembekile. Esikhundleni sokwakha ama-prototype amaningi angokoqobo okuhlolwa kokuphahlazeka noma ukulungiswa kwe-aerodynamic, basebenzisa amaqoqo amakhulu ekhompyutha ukuze basebenzise izigidi zezimo ezibonakalayo. Le ndlela eqhutshwa yi-algorithm ikhomba amaphutha esigabeni sokuklama, izinyanga ngaphambi kokuba kugxivizwe ucezu olulodwa lwensimbi.

Isiko "Lokushesha"

Isakhiwo senhlangano yezinkampani ezifana neXiaomi noma i-NIO sifana nenkampani entsha yaseSilicon Valley kunenkampani yezimoto yendabuko. Amaqembu obunjiniyela asebenza “ngokushesha” okufanayo. Ngenkathi elinye iqembu lisebenza ku-chassis, elinye selivele liqedela isofthiwe ye-v2.0. Le ndlela yokuguquguquka, ehlanganiswe nabasebenzi abavame ukuba basha futhi abanolwazi kakhulu ngobuchwepheshe, ivumela imikhiqizo yaseShayina ukuthi isabele ezindleleni zemakethe (njengokuthandwa okungazelelwe kwe-LiDAR noma i-800V fast-charging) cishe ngesikhathi sangempela.

Ukuthuthukiswa Okuqhutshwa Yidatha

Njengoba kunamakhulu ezinkulungwane zezimoto ezixhunyiwe emgwaqweni, izinkampani zaseShayina zinokufinyelela kwedatha yangempela. Ama-algorithm ahlaziya indlela abashayeli abasebenzisa ngayo izimoto zabo, lapho amabhethri ewohloka ngokushesha, nokuthi izinhlelo zokushayela ezizimele zisingatha kanjani izindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi zasemadolobheni. Lo mjikelezo wokuphendula uvumela ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo okuqhutshwa idatha kuphela, kunokuthembela ekuzizweni kwesisu konjiniyela oholayo.

6. Uguquko Lokugqamisa: Ukusuka “Kusabelomali” Kuya “Ku-Ultra-Premium”

Sekungamashumi eminyaka, igama elithi “Made in China” ngokwesimo sezimoto lalifana nama-clone ashibhile kanye namarekhodi okuphepha aphansi. Leso sikhathi sesiphelile. Namuhla, imikhiqizo yaseShayina ihola amanani aphezulu futhi iwina imiklomelo yokuklama.

Ukuvela Kwesigaba Sezinto Ezinhle Kakhulu

Uhlobo olungaphansi lwe-BYDYangwangiyisibonelo esiphelele. I-Yangwang U8, imoto yokunethezeka ethengiswa ngaphandle komgwaqo ebiza ngaphezu kuka-$150,000, inezinjini ezine ezizimele ezivumela imoto ukuthi "ijike ithangi" futhi intante emanzini ngesikhathi sezimo eziphuthumayo. Lena akuyona imoto "engabizi kakhulu"; iwumbukiso wezobuchwepheshe ophikisana neMercedes-Benz G-Class.

I-NIOigxile esicini "sendlela yokuphila" sokukhiqiza uphawu lwekhwalithi ephezulu. Nge-"NIO Houses" yabo—izindlu zekilabhu zikanokusho zabanikazi—kanye nenethiwekhi yabo yokushintshana kwamabhethri ehamba phambili emhlabeni, bakhe ukwethembeka komkhiqizo oncintisana ne-Apple. Abanikazi abagcini nje ngokuthenga imoto; bajoyina umphakathi okhethekile.

Ubuhle Bokuklama

Imikhiqizo yaseShayina iqoqe ngenkani ithalente eliphezulu lokuklama elivela eYurophu. Abaholi bokuklama bangaphambili be-Audi, BMW, kanye neBentley manje bangabaklami abaphambili be-BYD, Zeekr, kanye neHongqi. Umphumela uwubuhle obusha—ovame ukubizwa ngokuthi “I-New Chinese Luxury”—obuhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe obuncane nobuciko bendabuko. Lokhu kuholele ekushintsheni okukhulu ku-“Brand Premium.” EShayina, uchwepheshe osemusha manje usenamathuba amaningi okubonakala ku-Zeekr 001 noma i-Xiaomi SU7 kune-BMW 3-Series.

7. Ukwanda KwaseYurophu: Amasu Okungena Emakethe Nokukhula Kwasendaweni

Njengoba imakethe yasekhaya yaseShayina iba nokuncintisana okukhulu, ukwanda komhlaba wonke kuyisinyathelo esilandelayo esinengqondo. IYurophu, enezinhloso zayo ezinamandla zokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni kanye namandla aphezulu okuthenga, iyona eyinhloko ehloselwe yona.

Imodeli Eqondile Kumthengi

Uma sibheka incwadi yokudlala kaTesla, izinhlobo eziningi zaseShayina azilandeli abathengisi bendabuko. I-NIO ne-XPeng zivula izitolo ezinkulu emadolobheni amakhulu njenge-Oslo, iBerlin, neParis. Lokhu kubavumela ukuthi balawule ulwazi lomkhiqizo futhi balondoloze izinzuzo eziphezulu.

Ukuzivumelanisa Nomkhiqizo Osendaweni

Ama-EV aseShayina angena eYurophu awawona nje amakhophi e-carbon ezinguqulo zawo zasekhaya. Ahlelwa kabusha ukuze ahlangabezane nezindinganiso zokuphepha ze-Euro NCAP kanye nezintandokazi zokushayela zaseYurophu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukulungiswa okuqinile kokumiswa kokushayela emgwaqweni omkhulu kanye nesofthiwe yendawo ehlanganiswa namanethiwekhi okushaja aseYurophu kanye nezinsizakalo zokusakaza.

Ubambiswano Oluhlelekile

I-MG (ephethwe yi-SAIC) ibilokhu ingumkhiqizo waseShayina ophumelele kakhulu eYurophu kuze kube manje, ikakhulukazi ngoba isebenzise igama lomkhiqizo laseBrithani elidumile ukuze ithole ukwethenjwa. Amanye amabhrendi nawo ayalandela, ebambisana nabasabalalisi bendawo noma izinkampani zamandla ukwakha ingqalasizinda edingekayo.

8. Izindleko Nezimpi Zokuhweba: Ukuzulazula Ezithiyweni Ezivikelayo ze-EU kanye ne-US

Ukwanda okusheshayo kwama-EV aseShayina kubangele ukusabela kokuzivikela okuvela kohulumeni baseNtshonalanga. I-United States isebenzise amanani entengo ayi-100% kuma-EV aseShayina, yawavala ngempumelelo emakethe. I-European Union ilandele ngochungechunge lwezinhlolovo zokulwa noxhaso kanye namanani entengo yesikhashana asukela ku-17% kuya ku-38%.

Impikiswano Yesibonelelo

I-EU ithi ama-EV aseShayina ayazuza ezixhasweni zikahulumeni ezingafanele, kusukela ezibolekweni zomhlaba ezishibhile kanye nenzalo ephansi kuya ezibonelelweni ze-R&D eziqondile. Nakuba kuyiqiniso ukuthi kukhona ukwesekwa kukahulumeni, abaphathi baseShayina bathi inzuzo yabo yentengo ivela ekusebenzeni kahle kwe-scale kanye ne-supply chain, hhayi nje kuphela izipho zikahulumeni. Bakhomba ukuthi ohulumeni baseNtshonalanga manje sebefaka izigidigidi “ezivumelwaneni Eziluhlaza” kanye “neMithetho Yokunciphisa Ukwehla Kwentengo.”

Umthelela Wezintela

Izindleko zingase zinciphise ukukhula kweShayina, kodwa akunakwenzeka ukuthi ziwumise. I-EV yaseShayina ebiza u-$20,000 ukuyakha isengaba nenzuzo eYurophu ngisho noma intengo yayo ingu-30%, ikakhulukazi lapho intengo yezimpahla ezilingana nezaseYurophu ingama-$45,000. Kodwa-ke, intela iphoqa izinkampani zaseShayina ukuthi zishintshe isu lazo kusukela "ekuthumeleni kwamanye amazwe" ziye "ekuthumeleni endaweni ethile."

9. Izingozi Zezwe kanye Nokulungiselelwa Kabusha Kwekhono Lomhlaba Wonke

Ngenxa yezithiyo zokuhweba, imboni yezimoto zikagesi zaseShayina ihlelwa kabusha kakhulu ekukhiqizweni kwayo emhlabeni wonke. Sibona ushintsho oluvela ku-“Made in China” luye ku-“Made by China, for the World.”

Izindawo Zokukhiqiza Ezintsha

• IHungary: I-BYD imemezele imboni yayo yokuqala yezimoto zabagibeli eYurophu eHungary, izwe eliye lahlala linobungane nokutshalwa kwezimali kwaseShayina. Le fektri izovumela i-BYD ukuthi ikhiqize izimoto ngaphakathi kwe-EU, idlule intela futhi inciphise uchungechunge lokunikezwa kwezimpahla.
• IThailand ne-ASEAN: IThailand isiba yisikhungo sesifunda sokukhiqizwa kwezimoto zikagesi zaseShayina. I-Great Wall Motor kanye ne-BYD bamise izimboni ezinkulu lapho ukuze bakhonze izimakethe zaseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia nase-Australia.
• IMexico neBrazil: Lawa mazwe asebenza njengezindlela zokungena eMelika. Ngokukhiqiza eMexico, imikhiqizo yaseShayina ingafinyelela emakethe yase-US ngokwenkolelo-mbono ngesivumelwano sokuhweba se-USMCA, yize lokhu kusalokhu kuyindaba ebucayi kwezepolitiki.
• IMpumalanga Ephakathi kanye neNyakatho Afrika (i-MENA): Ngokutshalwa kwezimali eMorocco nase-UAE, izinkampani zaseShayina zizibeka esimweni sokuhlangabezana nesidingo esikhulayo eNingizimu Yomhlaba.

Isu "Lokuhlinzeka Ngezinto Ezimbili"

Ukuze kuncishiswe izingozi zezwe, izinkampani zaseShayina zakha “Amaketanga Okuphakelwa Okubili.” Olunye uchungechunge lutholakala ngaphakathi kweShayina emakethe yasekhaya, kanti olunye lwakhiwe emhlabeni wonke—kusetshenziswa izinto zokwakha zasendaweni kanye nabasebenzi—ukwanelisa izidingo zomthetho nezezombusazwe zezimakethe zakwamanye amazwe. Le ndlela ethi “Emakethe, Yemakethe” iyindlela kuphela yokusinda enkathini yokuwohloka komnotho emhlabeni.

10. Umbono Wesikhathi Esizayo: Ingabe INtshonalanga Ingafinyelela Esicongweni?

Umbuzo obiza izigidigidi zamaRandi embonini yezimoto yomhlaba wonke uthi: Ingabe izinkampani ezinkulu zaseYurophu naseMelika zingabambisana nezimoto ezinkulu zaseShayina?

Izithiyo Zokubhekana Nezinkinga

1. Ithalente Lesofthiwe: Ama-OEM akudala ayizinkampani zobunjiniyela bemishini ezizama ukuba yizinkampani zesofthiwe. Lolu shintsho lwamasiko lunzima kakhulu. Ukuthola nokugcina ithalente lesofthiwe eliphezulu kuyinselele uma uncintisana ne-Google, i-Apple, noma i-Xiaomi.
2. Isakhiwo Sezindleko: Izakhiwo zezindleko zesikhathi esidlule, okuhlanganisa izindleko eziphezulu zabasebenzi kanye nezibopho zomhlalaphansi, zenza kube nzima ukuncintisana ngentengo.
3. Isivinini Sokwenza Izinqumo: Amakamelo ebhodi lama-OEM avamile avame ukugwema ingozi futhi ahamba kancane. Ezweni lama-EV, ukubambezeleka kwezinyanga ezintathu esinqumweni kungasho ukulahlekelwa yisizukulwane sonke sobuchwepheshe.

Indlela Eya ENtshonalanga

Imikhiqizo yaseNtshonalanga isenezinzuzo emlandweni womkhiqizo, amanethiwekhi ezinsizakalo zomhlaba wonke, kanye nokushintshashintsha kokushayela ngesivinini esikhulu (isb., uhlu lwe-"Autobahn"). Ukuze iqhubeke isebenza, kumele:

• Bambisana: Sibona ubudlelwano obungakaze bubonwe ngaphambili, njengokuthi i-VW itshale imali ku-XPeng kanye ne-Stellantis ibambisana ne-Leapmotor. Uma ungakwazi ukubanqoba, joyina uhlelo lwabo lwe-ecosystem.
• Gxila ku-High-End: Ukuncintisana neShayina esigabeni sama-$20,000 cishe kuyimbangela elahlekile. Imikhiqizo yaseNtshonalanga kumele isebenzise ukunethezeka, ukwenza ngokwezifiso, kanye nokuxhumana ngokomzwelo.
• Yenza kube lula: Ubunzima bezinhlobo zezimoto zaseNtshonalanga buyisithiyo. Kumelwe bamukele indlela ethi “Tesla/China” yamapulatifomu ambalwa kanye nehadiwe esezingeni eliphezulu.

11. Isiphetho: Uhlelo Olusha Lomhlaba Lokuhamba Kwe-Electro

Imboni yezimoto okwamanje ibona ushintsho lwayo olubaluleke kakhulu selokhu kwasungulwa umugqa wokuhlanganisa. Ama-EV aseShayina awazange nje "afike"; abeke uphawu olusha lokuthi imoto yesimanje kufanele ibe yini. Ngokuhlanganiswa kwenqubomgomo yezimboni enombono, ukuhlanganiswa okuqondile ngokweqile, kanye nokugxila okungapheli kokuhlangenwe nakho komsebenzisi wedijithali, iShayina idlule amandla endabuko omhlaba wezimoto.

Nakuba amanani entela kanye nokungezwani kwezepolitiki kuzodala ukungezwani, umfutho wezobuchwepheshe usehlangothini lweShayina ngokuqinile. "I-Electric Pivot" ayiseyona inhloso yesikhathi esizayo; iyiqiniso lamanje. Kumthengi, lokhu kusho ikusasa lezokuthutha ezihlakaniphile, eziphephile, nezingabizi kakhulu. Embonini yezimoto yomhlaba wonke, kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi imithetho emidala ayisasebenzi. Indlela eya esikhathini esizayo sokuhamba iya ngokuya ivulwa ngabasunguli eShenzhen, eShanghai, naseHefei. Inselelo yomhlaba wonke akukhona nje ukwakha izimoto zikagesi, kodwa ukuhambisana nesivinini, ubukhulu, kanye nobuhlakani babaholi abasha.