Ulawulo lwe-EV lwaseTshayina: Ukuhlanganiswa kweCandelo loNikezelo, Ukusebenza kakuhle kweR&D, kunye neMpembelelo kwiMarike yeHlabathi

Eyona Nto Ibalulekileyo Yombane: Indlela iTyathanga Lokubonelela Elidityaniswe Ngayo, iR&D Eqhutywa yiAlgorithm, kunye neSmart Cockpit Innovations zaseTshayina Eziyiguqula Ngayo Imeko ye-EV yeHlabathi Phakathi Kwemingeni Yerhafu YaseYurophu kunye noTshintsho lweJografi

1. Utshintsho kwiParadigm kwiGunya leeMoto zeHlabathi

Kangangeminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu, ulawulo lweemoto kwihlabathi liphela lwaluchazwa bubuchule beenjini zokutsha zangaphakathi (ICE). Ubunjineli bokuchaneka kwaseJamani, ukuthembeka kwaseJapan, kunye nomlinganiselo waseMelika yayiziintsika zoshishino. Nangona kunjalo, ukuqala kweminyaka yoo-2020 kuye kwabonisa ukuqhekeka okunamandla kule ndlela imiselweyo. Utshintsho kwizithuthi zombane (ii-EV) alukokutshintsha nje kwindlela yamandla; lutshintsho olusisiseko kwi-DNA yetekhnoloji yemoto. Kweli xesha litsha, iTshayina ayivelanga nje njengomthathi-nxaxheba, kodwa njengomyili oyintloko wenkqubo entsha yehlabathi leemoto.

Ibali elithi “ii-EV zaseTshayina ziyafikelela kwinqanaba” ngoku alisekho. Inyani kukuba ii-EV zaseTshayina zidlule abachasi bazo baseYurophu naseMelika kwiinkalo ezibalulekileyo: ukusebenza kakuhle kweendleko, isantya sokuvelisa izinto ezintsha, ukuhlanganiswa kwesoftware, kunye nokuqina kwekhonkco lokubonelela. Oku kuhambela phambili kwezobuchwepheshe sisiphumo somgaqo-nkqubo wezoshishino osele uneminyaka emininzi, utyalo-mali olukhulu kwi-R&D, kunye nenkcubeko ekhethekileyo yabathengi bedijithali ephatha imoto njengefowuni ejikelezayo endaweni yesixhobo sokuthutha soomatshini.

Njengoko sihlalutya imeko yangoku yemarike yehlabathi, sibona umahluko omkhulu. Ii-OEM zeLifa (Abenzi beZixhobo zoQoqo) eNtshona zijongene "netyala elidala" - iinkqubo zamandulo zokuvelisa, uthungelwano oluntsonkothileyo lokuthengisa, kunye nenkcubeko yababoneleli ehamba kancinci. Okwangoku, iinkampani zaseTshayina ezifana neBYD, NIO, XPeng, kunye neLi Auto, kunye neenkampani ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe ezingena kwindawo efana neXiaomi kunye neHuawei, zisebenza kwindawo abantu abangaphakathi kushishino abayibiza ngokuba yi "China Speed." Esi sahluko sihlola izinto ezisisiseko zolu tshintsho kwaye sibeka inqanaba lokuntywila nzulu kwiintsika zobugcisa kunye nezicwangciso zolawulo lwe-EV lwaseTshayina.

2. Iziseko zoLawulo: Inkqubo yeLithium Battery eTshayina

Eyona nto iphambili kwi-EV nganye yibhetri, ebalelwa kwi-30% ukuya kwi-40% yexabiso lilonke lesithuthi. Ukuze uqonde ukuba kutheni ii-EV zaseTshayina zingcono ngexabiso kunye nokusebenza, kufuneka ujonge uthotho lokubonelela ngebhetri ye-lithium-ion. I-China ayenzi nje iibhetri; ilawula lonke uthotho lwexabiso ukusuka ekucocweni kwezimbiwa ukuya ekuhlanganisweni kweeseli.

I-Monopoly yeZimbiwa

Nangona i-lithium, i-cobalt, kunye ne-nickel zimbiwa kwihlabathi liphela, inkqubo yokucoca igxile kakhulu eTshayina. Ngaphezulu kwe-70% yokucoca i-lithium kwihlabathi kunye ne-80% yokucoca i-cobalt kwenzeka ngaphakathi kwemida yaseTshayina. Oku kunika abenzi bee-EV baseTshayina ithuba "lokuqala" lexabiso elingenakuthelekiswa nabachasi baseNtshona. Iinkampani ezifana neGanfeng Lithium kunye neTianqi Lithium zifumene izivumelwano zexesha elide kunye nezabelo zezabelo kwimigodi ukusuka e-Australia ukuya eMzantsi Melika, ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba rhoqo kwezinto eziluhlaza nokuba imarike iyatshintshatshintsha.

I-CATL kunye ne-BYD: IiTitans zamandla

I-CATL (Contemporary Amperex Technology Co. Limited) yeyona nkokheli yehlabathi engenakuphikiswa ekwenzeni iibhetri. Ubuchule babo kwitekhnoloji ye-cell-to-pack (CTP) buvumele uxinano olukhulu lwamandla ngaphandle kwesidingo seemodyuli zemveli, ukunciphisa ubunzima kunye neendleko. Ngaphezu koko, ukutyhala kweTshayina kwi-Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP) chemistry—iteknoloji eyayikade ingafunwa ngabenzi beemoto baseNtshona njengenamandla aphantsi—kuye kwabonakala ukuba yindlela yobuchule. Iibhetri ze-LFP zikhuselekile, zingabizi kakhulu, kwaye zihlala ixesha elide kuneenkampani zazo zeNickel-Cobalt-Manganese (NCM). Ngokucokisa itekhnoloji ye-LFP, iimpawu zaseTshayina ziye zakwazi ukuvelisa ii-EV ezifikelelekayo ezisabonelela ngoluhlu olukhuphisanayo.

I-“Blade Battery” ye-BYD yenye inkqubela phambili kwezobuchwepheshe. Ngokusebenzisa i-“de, thin form factor”, i-Blade Battery iphucula indawo kwaye iphumelele uvavanyo lokhuseleko olungqongqo, kuquka uvavanyo lokungena kwezipikili ngaphandle kokubamba umlilo. Olu nqanaba lokhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwevolumu kwenze iibhetri zaseTshayina zaba lolona khetho lukhethwayo nakwiinkampani zaseNtshona; iTesla kunye neToyota ngoku zikhangela iibhetri kubachasi bazo baseTshayina ukuze zihlale zikhuphisana.

3. Ukuhlanganiswa Okuthe Tye: Imodeli ye-BYD kunye nokufa koXhomekeko loMboneleli weTier-1

Imodeli yemveli yeemoto yayixhomekeke kuthungelwano olukhulu lwababoneleli beTier-1 kunye neTier-2 (abafana neBosch, Continental, kunye neDenso). I-OEM yayiza kuyila imoto ize idibanise iindawo ezifunyenwe kwaba bathengisi. Iinkokheli ze-EV zaseTshayina, ingakumbi i-BYD, ziye zayilahla le modeli zakhetha ukuhlanganiswa ngokuthe nkqo okugqithisileyo.

Icebo Lokwenza Konke Kwindlu

I-BYD yinkampani yetekhnoloji eyakha iimoto. Bavelisa iibhetri zabo, iimoto zombane, izixhobo zombane, kwanee-semiconductors (ii-IGBT kunye nee-SiC MOSFET) ezilawula ukuhamba kwamandla. Ngexesha lokunqongophala kwe-semiconductor kwihlabathi liphela ngo-2021-2022, ngelixa izityalo zaseNtshona zazimi, imigca yemveliso ye-BYD yaqhubeka iduma kuba yayinayo i-silicon.

Olu didi oludibeneyo lubonelela ngeenzuzo ezimbini ezinkulu:

1. Ulawulo lweendleko: Ngokususa imida yenzuzo yabathengisi abaninzi, i-BYD inokuvelisa imoto efana neSeagull okanye iDolphin ngexabiso eliphantsi ($10,000 ukuya kwi-$15,000) abavelisi baseNtshona abakufumanisa kungenakwenzeka ukuyifeza ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yimali.
2. Ulungelelwano loYilo: Xa ibhetri, i-motor, kunye nesoftware ziyilwe liqela elifanayo lobunjineli, inqanaba lokudibanisa liphezulu. Oku kukhokelela kulawulo olungcono lobushushu, ukusebenza kakuhle okuphezulu, kunye namava omsebenzisi ahambelanayo.

I-Powertrain "Yonke-kwi-Inye"

Iinkampani ezifana neHuawei kunye neBYD ziye zaqalisa iinkqubo zokuqhuba umbane ze-8-in-1 okanye ze-12-in-1. Ngokudibanisa i-motor, i-gearbox, i-inverter, i-DC-DC converter, kunye ne-onboard charger kwiyunithi enye encinci, zinciphisa unyawo lwesithuthi, zehlisa ubunzima, kwaye zenze lula inkqubo yokuvelisa. Eli linqanaba lokudibanisa uninzi lweemveliso zaseYurophu eziqalayo ukuzama kulo kumaqonga azo esizukulwana esilandelayo.

4. IiCockpits ezikrelekrele kunye neZithuthi ezichazwe kwiSoftware (ii-SDV): iDijithali

Emehlweni omthengi wanamhlanje waseTshayina, imoto ayigwetywa ngexesha layo eliyi-0-60 mph, kodwa ngokutyibilika kwescreen sayo kunye nobukrelekrele bomncedisi wayo welizwi. Le yindawo ye-"Smart Cockpit," apho iimpawu zaseTshayina zishiye abachasi bazo kwisibuko esingasemva.

Inkqubo Yendalo Ehambayo Ehamba Ngamavili

Abenzi beemoto bakudala baseNtshona badla ngokuba neengxaki ngesoftware, nto leyo ebangela ukuba iinkqubo zokuzonwabisa ezingasebenzi kakuhle kunye nokudibana kwabasebenzisi okwahlukeneyo. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ii-EV zaseTshayina zakhiwe kwiitships zeemoto ezisebenzayo kakhulu njengeQualcomm Snapdragon 8295. Uyilo lwesoftware ludla ngokuvela kwizakhelo ze-smartphone OS (ezifana neHuawei's HarmonyOS okanye iNIO's Banyan).

Iimpawu eziphambili zeChinese Smart Cockpit ziquka:

• Iindawo ezinezikrini ezininziIimoto ezifana neLi Auto L9 zinezikrini ezinkulu ze-OLED zomqhubi, umkhweli, kunye nezihlalo zangasemva, zonke zihambelana namava "e-cinema".
• Abancedisi belizwi be-AI: Ezi azizo iinkqubo ezisisiseko ze-“Call Mom” zakudala. Abancedisi be-AI kwi-NIO okanye kwi-XPeng banokubona ukuba nguwuphi umkhweli othethayo, balawule yonke ifestile, balungise inkqubo yevumba elimnandi, baze bathethe ngezinto zemvelo, ezijikajika izihlandlo ezininzi.
• Imidlalo kunye neMveliso ngaphakathi kwiMoto: Ngonxibelelwano lwe-5G kunye nee-GPU ezinamandla, ii-EV zaseTshayina ziba ziiofisi eziphathwayo kunye neendawo zokuzonwabisa zemidlalo, ezizaliswe kukuhlanganiswa kwe-VR/AR.

Uhlaziyo lwe-Over-the-Air (OTA)

Nangona iTesla yayikhokela uhlaziyo lwe-OTA, iimpawu zaseTshayina ziye zayiphucula. I-EV yaseTshayina iyaphucuka inyanga nenyanga. Nokuba luhlaziyo lokulungiswa kwe-suspension, ulusu olutsha lwe-UI, okanye uphuculo kwii-algorithms ze-ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance Systems), "iSoftware-Defined Vehicle" iqinisekisa ukuba i-hardware ihlala ibalulekile ixesha elide emva kokuthengwa. Lo mjikelo wokuphindaphinda ngokukhawuleza yinxalenye ephambili "yeTshayina Speed" efunyanwa zii-OEM zemveli.

5. Uphando noPhuhliso oluqhutywa yi-Algorithm: Ubunjineli ngesantya sokukhanya

Enye yezona nzuzo zibalulekileyo kodwa ezingabonakaliyo kwiinkampani ze-EV zaseTshayina kukusebenza kwazo kakuhle kwe-R&D. Umjikelo wemveli wophuhliso lwemodeli entsha yeemoto eYurophu okanye e-US uthatha iinyanga ezingama-48 ukuya kwezingama-60. Iinkampani zaseTshayina zikwenza oku kwiinyanga ezili-18 ukuya kwezingama-24.

Amawele edijithali kunye nokulinganisa

Iinjineli zaseTshayina zixhomekeke kakhulu kwi-"Digital Twins" kunye nokulinganisa okuphezulu. Endaweni yokwakha iiprototypes ezininzi ezibonakalayo zovavanyo lokuqhekeka okanye ukulungiswa kwe-aerodynamic, zisebenzisa amaqela amakhulu ekhompyutha ukuqhuba izigidi zeemeko ezibonakalayo. Le ndlela eqhutywa yi-algorithm ichonga iziphene kwisigaba soyilo, iinyanga ngaphambi kokuba iqhekeza elinye lesinyithi lifakwe isitampu.

Inkcubeko "yeSprint"

Ulwakhiwo lwenkampani ezifana neXiaomi okanye i-NIO lufana nenkampani entsha yeSilicon Valley kunenkampani yemoto yendabuko. Amaqela obunjineli asebenza ngaxeshanye "ngee-sprints." Ngelixa elinye iqela lisebenza kwi-chassis, elinye sele ligqibezela isoftware ye-v2.0. Le ndlela yokusebenza ekhawulezayo, idibene nabasebenzi abadla ngokuba batsha kwaye banolwazi ngakumbi ngetekhnoloji, ivumela iimpawu zaseTshayina ukuba zisabele kwiindlela zemarike (njengokuthandwa ngequbuliso kweLiDAR okanye i-800V fast-charging) phantse ngexesha langempela.

Uphuculo oluqhutywa yiDatha

Njengoko iimoto eziqhagamshelweyo zingamakhulu amawaka zisendleleni, iinkampani zaseTshayina zinokufikelela kwidatha yehlabathi lokwenyani. Ii-algorithms zihlalutya indlela abaqhubi abasebenzisa ngayo iimoto zabo, apho iibhetri ziwohloka ngokukhawuleza, kunye nendlela iinkqubo zokuqhuba ezizimeleyo ezisingatha ngayo iindawo ezintsonkothileyo zasezidolophini. Olu tshintsho lwempendulo luvumela ukwenziwa ngcono okuqhubekayo okuqhutywa yidatha kuphela, endaweni yokuxhomekeka kwimvakalelo yesisu yenjineli ekhokelayo.

6. Uguquko Lophawu: Ukusuka “kwiBhajethi” ukuya “kwi-Ultra-Premium”

Kangangamashumi eminyaka, i-“Made in China” kwimeko yeemoto yayifana nee-clones ezingabizi kakhulu kunye neerekhodi zokhuseleko eziphantsi. Elo xesha liphelile. Namhlanje, iimpawu zaseTshayina zibiza amaxabiso aphezulu kwaye ziphumelela amabhaso oyilo.

Ukuphakama kweCandelo le-Ultra-Luxury

Uhlobo olungaphantsi lweBYDYangwangngumzekelo ogqibeleleyo. IYangwang U8, inqwelo-mafutha yodidi oluphezulu ebiza ngaphezulu kwe-$150,000, ineenjini ezine ezizimeleyo ezivumela imoto ukuba "ijike itanki" kwaye ide idada emanzini ngexesha likaxakeka. Le asiyomoto "engabizi kakhulu"; ngumboniso wetekhnoloji okhuphisana neMercedes-Benz G-Class.

I-NIOigxile kwinkalo "yendlela yokuphila" yokwenza uphawu lwexabiso eliphezulu. Nge "NIO Houses" zabo—iindawo zokuzonwabisa ezikumgangatho ophezulu zabanini—kunye nenethiwekhi yabo yokutshintshiselana ngeebhetri ehamba phambili kwihlabathi, bakhe ukuthembeka kophawu olukhuphisana neApple. Abanini abathengi nje imoto; bajoyina uluntu olukhethekileyo.

Ubuchule boYilo

Iimpawu zaseTshayina zifumene ngokuzimisela italente yoyilo ephezulu eYurophu. Iintloko zangaphambili zoyilo ezivela kwi-Audi, i-BMW, ​​kunye ne-Bentley ngoku ngabayili abaphambili be-BYD, i-Zeekr, kunye ne-Hongqi. Isiphumo sisiphumo sobuhle obutsha—okudla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-"New Chinese Luxury"—obudibanisa ubuchwephesha obuncinci kunye nobugcisa bendabuko. Oku kukhokelele kutshintsho olukhulu kwi-"Brand Premium." E-China, ingcali eselula ngoku inokwenzeka ukuba ibonakale kwi-Zeekr 001 okanye kwi-Xiaomi SU7 kune-BMW 3-Series.

7. Ulwandiso lwaseYurophu: Amaqhinga okungena kwiMarike kunye nokukhula kwendawo

Njengoko imakethi yasekhaya yaseTshayina ikhuphisana kakhulu, ukwanda kwehlabathi linyathelo elilandelayo elinengqondo. IYurophu, kunye neenjongo zayo eziqatha zokungathathi cala kwekhabhoni kunye namandla aphezulu okuthenga, yeyona nto iphambili ekujoliswe kuyo.

Imodeli ethe ngqo kubathengi

Ukuthatha iphepha kwincwadi yokudlala kaTesla, iimpawu ezininzi zaseTshayina azilandeli abathengisi bemveli. I-NIO kunye ne-XPeng zivula iivenkile eziphambili kwizixeko ezikhulu ezifana ne-Oslo, iBerlin, kunye neParis. Oku kubavumela ukuba balawule amava ebhrendi kwaye bagcine iinzuzo eziphezulu.

Uhlengahlengiso lweMveliso yasekuhlaleni

Iimoto ze-EV zaseTshayina ezingena eYurophu azizo nje iikopi zekhabhoni zeenguqulelo zazo zasekhaya. Ziyalungiswa ngokutsha ukuze zihlangabezane nemigangatho yokhuseleko ye-Euro NCAP kunye nezinto ezikhethwayo zokuqhuba eYurophu. Oku kuquka ukulungiswa okuqinileyo kokumiswa kokuqhuba kwiindlela ezinkulu kunye nesoftware yasekhaya edityaniswe neenethiwekhi zokutshaja zaseYurophu kunye neenkonzo zokusasaza.

Ubudlelwane obuCwangcisiweyo

I-MG (ephethwe yi-SAIC) ibiluphawu lwaseTshayina oluphumelele kakhulu eYurophu ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ikakhulu ngenxa yokuba isebenzise igama lebhrendi laseBritane elidumileyo ukuze ifumane ukuthenjwa. Ezinye iimpawu nazo ziyalandela, zisebenzisana nabasasazi basekuhlaleni okanye iinkampani zamandla ukwakha iziseko eziyimfuneko.

8. Iirhafu kunye neeMfazwe zoRhwebo: Ukuhambahamba kwiMiqobo yoKhuseleko ye-EU kunye ne-US

Ukwanda ngokukhawuleza kwee-EV zaseTshayina kubangele impendulo yokuzikhusela evela koorhulumente baseNtshona. I-United States imisele irhafu eyi-100% kwii-EV zaseTshayina, nto leyo eyenze ukuba zingangeni kwimarike. I-European Union ilandele ngothotho lweenkqubo zokuchasana nenkxaso-mali kunye neerhafu zexeshana eziqala kwi-17% ukuya kwi-38%.

Ingxoxo ngeNkxaso-mali

I-EU ithi ii-EV zaseTshayina ziyaxhamla kwizibonelelo zikarhulumente ezingafanelekanga, ukusuka kumhlaba ongabizi kakhulu kunye nemali mboleko engabizi kakhulu ukuya kwizibonelelo ze-R&D ngqo. Nangona kukho inyaniso yokuba kukho inkxaso karhulumente, abaphathi baseTshayina bathi inzuzo yabo yexabiso ivela ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwesikali kunye nokuhambisa izinto, kungekuphela nje kwizibonelelo zikarhulumente. Bathi oorhulumente baseNtshona ngoku bafaka iibhiliyoni kwi-"Green Deals" yabo kunye "neMithetho yoKuncitshiswa kweNgqesho."

Impembelelo yeeRhafu

Iirhafu zisenokucothisa ulwando lwaseTshayina, kodwa akunakwenzeka ukuba ziluthintele. I-EV yaseTshayina ebiza i-$20,000 ukuyakha isenokuba nenzuzo eYurophu nangona irhafu ye-30%, ingakumbi xa ixabiso lee-equivalents ezenziwe eYurophu liyi-$45,000. Nangona kunjalo, iirhafu zinyanzela iinkampani zaseTshayina ukuba zitshintshe icebo lazo ukusuka “ekuthumeleni ngaphandle” ukuya “ekuthumeleni kwindawo ethile.”

9. Iingozi zeJografi kunye nokuLungiswa ngokutsha koMbane weHlabathi

Ukuphendula kwimiqobo yorhwebo, ishishini le-EV laseTshayina lihlengahlengiswa kakhulu imveliso yalo yehlabathi. Sibona utshintsho oluvela kwi-"Made in China" ukuya kwi-"Made by China, for the World."

Iindawo Ezintsha Zokuvelisa

• Hangari: I-BYD ibhengeze umzi-mveliso wayo wokuqala weemoto zabakhweli eYurophu eHungary, ilizwe eliye lahlala linobuhlobo notyalo-mali lwaseTshayina. Lo mzi-mveliso uza kuvumela i-BYD ukuba ivelise iimoto ngaphakathi kwe-EU, idlula iirhafu kwaye inciphise uthotho lokubonelela.
• IThailand kunye ne-ASEAN: IThailand iba yindawo ephambili yemveliso ye-EV yaseTshayina. I-Great Wall Motor kunye ne-BYD ziye zakha iifektri ezinkulu apho ukuze zikhonze iimarike zaseMzantsi-mpuma Asia nase-Australia.
• IMexico neBrazil: La mazwe asebenza njengeendlela zokungena eMelika. Ngokwenza imveliso eMexico, iimpawu zaseTshayina zinokufikelela kwimarike yase-US ngokwethiyori ngesivumelwano sorhwebo se-USMCA, nangona oku kusengumbandela obalulekileyo kwezopolitiko.
• UMbindi Mpuma kunye noMntla Afrika (iMENA): Ngotyalo-mali eMorocco nase-UAE, iinkampani zaseTshayina zizimisele ukwanelisa imfuno ekhulayo kwiHlabathi liphela.

Icebo "leCandelo lokuNikezela ngeZibonelelo ezimbini"

Ukuze kuncitshiswe iingozi zezopolitiko, iifemu zaseTshayina ziphuhlisa “iiDual Supply Chains.” Elinye ikhonkco lenzelwe imarike yasekhaya eTshayina, ngelixa elinye lakhiwa kumazwe ngamazwe—kusetyenziswa izixhobo zasekhaya kunye nabasebenzi—ukwanelisa iimfuno zomthetho nezezopolitiko zeemarike zangaphandle. Le ndlela “Kwimarike, Yenzelwe Imarike” yeyona ndlela yokusinda kwixesha lokungahambelani kwehlabathi.

10. Imbono Yekamva: Ngaba iNtshona Ingafikelela Kwixesha Elifanelekileyo?

Umbuzo oxabisa ibhiliyoni zeerandi kushishino lweemoto kwihlabathi liphela ngulo: Ngaba iinkampani ezinkulu zaseYurophu naseMelika zingafikelela kwinqwelo-mafutha enkulu yaseTshayina?

Imiqobo Yokufikelela Kwinqanaba Eliphezulu

1. Italente yeSoftware: Ii-OEM zeLegacy ziinkampani zobunjineli boomatshini ezizama ukuba ziinkampani zesoftware. Olu tshintsho lwenkcubeko lunzima kakhulu. Ukufumana nokugcina italente yesoftware ephezulu kuyinselele xa ukhuphisana neGoogle, iApple, okanye iXiaomi.
2. Ulwakhiwo lweendleko: Iindleko zexesha elidlulileyo, kuquka iindleko eziphezulu zomsebenzi kunye neembopheleleko zomhlalaphantsi, zenza kube nzima ukukhuphisana ngexabiso.
3. Isantya Sokwenza IzigqiboAmagumbi eebhodi zeenkampani zemveli ze-OEM adla ngokuphepha umngcipheko kwaye acotha. Kwihlabathi lee-EV, ukulibaziseka kweenyanga ezintathu kwisigqibo kunokuthetha ukuphoswa sisizukulwana sonke sobuchwepheshe.

Indlela Eya Phambili ENtshona

Iimpawu zaseNtshona zisenezibonelelo kwilifa leempawu, uthungelwano lweenkonzo zehlabathi, kunye neendlela zokuqhuba ngesantya esiphezulu (umz., imvelaphi ye-"Autobahn"). Ukuze zisinde, kufuneka:

• Sebenzisana: Sibona ubudlelwane obungazange bubonwe ngaphambili, obufana nokutyala imali kwi-XPeng kunye ne-Stellantis kunye ne-Leapmotor. Ukuba awukwazi ukuboyisa, joyina inkqubo yabo yendalo.
• Gxila kwi-High-End: Ukukhuphisana neTshayina kwicandelo le-$20,000 kusenokwenzeka ukuba yinto elahlekileyo. Iimpawu zaseNtshona kufuneka zisebenzise ubunewunewu, ukwenza izinto zibe zezakho, kunye nonxibelelwano oluhambelana neemvakalelo.
• Yenza kube lula: Ubunzima beemoto zaseNtshona bungumqobo. Kufuneka basebenzise indlela ethi “Tesla/China” yamaqonga ambalwa kunye nezixhobo ezisemgangathweni ngakumbi.

11. Isiphelo: Umyalelo weHlabathi elitsha we-Electromobility

Ishishini leemoto okwangoku libona utshintsho olukhulu ukusukela oko kwaqalwa umgca wokudibanisa. Iimoto ze-EV zaseTshayina azifikanga nje “ekufikeni”; zibeke umlinganiselo omtsha wendlela imoto yanamhlanje emele ibe yiyo. Ngokudityaniswa komgaqo-nkqubo wezemveliso onembono, ukuhlanganiswa okuthe nkqo okugqithisileyo, kunye nokugxila okungapheliyo kumava omsebenzisi wedijithali, iTshayina idlule amandla emveli ehlabathi leemoto.

Nangona iirhafu kunye noxinzelelo lwezopolitiko ziya kudala ukungqubana, amandla etekhnoloji akwicala laseTshayina. "I-Electric Pivot" ayiseyiyo ingqikelelo yexesha elizayo; yinyani yangoku. Kumthengi, oku kuthetha ikamva lokuthuthwa okukrelekrele, okukhuselekileyo, nokufikelelekayo. Kwishishini leemoto lehlabathi, kukuvula amehlo ukuba imithetho endala ayisasebenzi. Indlela eya kwixesha elizayo lokuhamba iya ivulwa ngakumbi ngabasunguli eShenzhen, eShanghai, naseHefei. Umngeni kwihlabathi liphela akukokwakha iimoto zombane kuphela, kodwa kukuhambelana nesantya, ubungakanani, kunye nobukrelekrele beenkokheli ezintsha.