Te Whenua o te Ao o te Utu DC BESS Ngaohiko-Teitei

Whakautu Tere:Ko te utu hiko BESS DC ngaohiko teitei e pā ana ki ngā pūnaha e mahi ana te rokiroki pākahiko i runga i ngā pahi ngaohiko DC teitei — 800 V, 1000 V, me tua atu ki te 1500 V — e whāngai tika ana i ngā utu hiko DC mana-teitei, he maha ngā wā me te whakauru hiko rā e honoa ana ki te DC, hei mahi i ngā papa waka 800 V me te 1000 V i te 350–600 kW me runga ake. E toru ngā mana e akiakihia ana te panoni hangarau: te neke o ngā hanganga waka mai i te 400 V ki te 800 V/1000 V (e taea ai te utu 10–80% i roto i te iti iho i te 15 meneti), te pikinga pai o te hononga DC (te whakakore i ngā wāhanga tahuritanga AC-DC e rua me te hiki ake i te pai o te haere-hoki ki te 95%+), me ngā taputapu utu wai-whakamatao e pupuri tonu ana i ngā iahiko 500 A+. Hei te tau 2028, ka hangaia te nuinga o ngā taputapu utu hiko hou mō ngā huarahi tere ki runga i ngā papaaho BESS 1000 V DC-connected, me te megawatt utu mō ngā taraka (MCS) e neke ana ki te 1250 A me te 3.75 MW mō ia wā.

Ngā Whakaaro Matua:

• Kei te neke haere ngā papaaho waka mai i te 400 V ki te 800 V/1000 V, ā, me ōrite te ngaohiko o ngā rihi hei karo i te hekenga o te hiko me ngā whiu i te tere utu.
• Ka tangohia e te hoahoanga BESS e honoa ana e te DC ngā wāhanga tahuritanga e rua, ka whakapiki ake i te pai o te pūnaha ki te 95%+, ā, ka tapahia hoki ngā mate wera me te pūngao i ngā papa huarahi.
• Me whakamatao te wai i runga ake i te 300 kW: ka tautokona te iahiko tonu o te 500 A+ mā roto i ngā hononga me ngā taura e kore e taea e te whakamatao hau te whakahaere.
• Kei te whakakotahihia ngā paerewa huri noa i te ISO 15118-20 (ara-rua me te Plug & Charge), te whakatinanatanga o te NACS i Amerika Te Raki, me te MCS mō te utu taraka taumaha.
• Ko te hoahoa o tētahi pae mō ngā rā kei te heke mai ko te hanga pahi 1000 V DC, taputapu whakamatao-wai, me ngā poraka hiko modular ka taea te whakanui ake ki te putanga megawatt.

Te Reihi Ngaohiko: Mai i te 400 V ki te 1000 V+ Ngā Papa Waka

He ngaohiko ingoa kei roto i te kete pākahiko o ia waka e whakatau ana i te iahiko e hiahiatia ana mō tētahi mana utu kua whakaritea. I te 400 V, ko te tuku 350 kW e hiahiatia ana he tata ki te 875 A — he iahiko e whakaputa ana i te wera nui o te ara iahiko me te pakaru o te hononga. I te 800 V, ko te mana kotahi e hiahiatia ana ~440 A anake, ā, i te 1000 V ~350 A anake. Nā tēnei tatauranga i whakarewa ai e te nuinga o ngā OEM nui ngā tūāpapa 800 V i waenga i te tau 2021 me te 2025 (me ētahi hoahoa 900–1000 V kua panuitia), me te take me ōrite te hanganga utu: ko te rihi akomanga-400 V e tuku ana ki tētahi waka 800 V ka whakaitihia, ka hiahiatia rānei te huringa DC-DC, ka ngaro te tere me te whai huatanga.

Mō ngā kaiwhakawhanake pae, ko te tikanga mahi ko te tohu i ngā tāutanga hou mō te putanga 1000 V mai i te rā tuatahi. Ko ngā rihi kua whakatauria ki te 1000 V ka mahi mō te kahui waka katoa — 400 V, 800 V, me te 1000 V — mā te whiriwhiri i te ngaohiko wātū e ai ki te ISO 15118, ko ngā taputapu tawhito kua whakatauria ki te 500 V ka mau i te hekenga o te kahui waka ki runga.

He aha i huri ai te BESS ngaohiko teitei i te whārite hoahoa pae

Ehara i te mea he pākahiko nui ake te pahi BESS ngaohiko teitei; ka hurihia te hoahoa hiko o te papa. Ka hurihia e ngā papa tuku iho te mana whatunga AC ki te DC i te rihi, ka moumou 3–6% mō ia huringa me te taumaha i te hononga whatunga. I roto i te hoahoa hononga DC ngaohiko teitei, ka whāngaihia e te pākahiko me te huinga rā he pahi DC 1000 V tiritahi, ā, ka kukume tika ngā rihi i te DC — ka whakakorea ngā wāhanga huringa katoa e rua (AC-DC i te taha rā me te ara whatunga-ki-te-riihi). Ko te hua i inehia he pai o te haere-hoki o te 92–95% ki te 85–90% mō ngā mea ōrite kua honoa ki te AC, me te rahi o te whakawhiti me te taputapu whakawhiti kua whakaitihia mō te kaha kotahi i tukuna.

Ka whakaitihia hoki e ngā pahi hiko-teitei ngā kaiārahi hiko me ngā mate e rite ana ki te hiko. He rite tonu te mana o te pahi hiko 1500 V DC ki te rua hautoru o te iahiko o te pahi 1000 V, ka taea ai te rere taura roa ake i waenga i ngā poraka pākahiko tohatoha me ngā rihi - he painga nui mō ngā wāhi huarahi tere kei reira ngā kāpata pākahiko e 50–100 mita te tawhiti mai i ngā papa utu. Koinei te take e noho paerewa ana te 1500 V-class BESS i roto i ngā rokiroki ipu me te take e whakamahi ana te tihi o te raina hua a MIDA - [split-type DC fast charging systems](https://www.midapower.com/400kw-500kw-split-dc-charging-systems-ccs-gbt-ev-charger-station-super-charger-pile-product/) mai i te 360 ​​kW ki te 1680 kW - i te tohatoha hiko-teitei DC hei whakanui i te mana me te kore e whakanui i te parahi taura.

Ngā Hanganga Hononga-DC: Te Whakaiti i ngā Ngaronga i te Pūtake

Ko te hononga DC ko te tikanga ka hono te huinga photovoltaic (mēnā kei roto), te pākahiko, me ngā rihi katoa ki tētahi pahi DC noa, me tētahi kaitahuri AC-DC kotahi e herea ana ki te whatunga e whakahaere ana i te whakawhitiwhiti kupenga o te pae me te taputapu. E toru ngā painga whakakotahi o te hoahoa:

1. Te whakamahinga teitei ake o te rā.Ka tukuna tika te pūngao PV ki te pākahiko, ki ngā waka rānei, me te kore he huringa waenga, nō reira, e mahi ana ngā teihana penapena-rā-kore-i-waho-i-te-pūnaha me te ~95% o te pūngao o te panera ka tukuna ki ngā mahi whai hua.Ngā utu tono iti iho.Ka whakangawaritia te kawemai o te taha AC o te pae e te pākahiko, ā, ka mimitihia e te pahi DC te kore taurite i waenga i te whakaputanga o te rā, te āhua o te pākahiko, me te kawenga utu. 3.Ngā hikohiko mana māmā ake.Ko te iti o ngā wāhanga kaitahuri he iti ake ngā pūwāhi rahunga, he iti ake ngā kawenga whakamatao, ā, he iti ake te tapuwae mō ia kirowati kua tāutahia.

Ko ngā [teihana utu rokiroki pūngao whakauru] a MIDA (https://www.midapower.com/energy-storage-charging-station) — mai i ngā [wae MPPT pūngao rā 200 kWh/120 kW waho-whatunga] (https://www.midapower.com/200kwh-120kw-mobile-ev-charger-off-grid-solar-mppt-dc-fast-charging-station-product/) ki ngā [482 kWh/320 kW] (https://www.midapower.com/320kw-482kwh-bess-charger-mobile-ev-charging-station-energy-storage-system-product/) me ngā whirihoranga 625 kWh/400 kW — ka whakatinanahia tēnei āhua honohono DC. Ka tohaina e te tāuru pūngao rā MPPT me te pākahiko te pahi DC me te puranga hiko rihi, koia te take ka taea e ēnei pūnaha te mahi katoa i waho-whatunga me te tuku tonu i te mahi utu tere katoa.

Whakamatao Wai: Te Āheitanga o te Utu Megawatt

Ko te mātotoru o te au ko te pakitara ā-tinana e pā ana ki te utu hiko mana-nui. Ka herea ngā hononga me ngā taura hau-whakamatao ki te 250–350 A i mua i te kore e taea te whakahaere i te wera me te taumaha taura; i runga ake i tēnā, ka eke te hononga ki ngā rohe wera i roto i ngā meneti, ā, me heke te wera. Ka hurihia e te whakamatao wai te whārite mā te tohatoha i te whakamatao mā roto i te koti taura me te tinana hononga, ka tangohia te wera i te pūtake. Ka tautoko tonu ngā pūnaha utu wai-whakamatao i te 500–600 A, me ngā hononga MCS e aro ana ki te 1250 A.

Ko ngā pānga ki te hoahoa teihana he hanganga:

• Mana teitei e mau tonu ana, me te kore e whakaititia.Ka taea e tētahi teihana whakamatao-wai 600–1080 kW te tuku i te mana katoa puta noa i ngā wā whakangungu i te werawera o te raumati, ina heke te kaha o ngā teihana whakamatao-hau e 20–40%.
• Ngā taura angiangi ake, ngā taura māmā ake.Ko te taumaha o te taura whakamatao-wai 500 A tata ki te haurua o te taumaha ōrite ki te taura whakamatao-hau i te whakatauranga kotahi, e whakapai ake ana i te ergonomics mō ngā taraiwa — he mea tino whakamahia i roto i ngā waka e whakamahia ana i ia rā me ngā huarahi tere.
• Ngā kōwae hiko whakamatao-wai.Ko ngā kōwae whakawhiti tonu (te akomanga 40–125 kW) he mea whakamatao ki te wai, e āhei ai te kiato kōwae teitei e hiahiatia ana e ngā kāpata akomanga megawatt. Ko ngā kōwae hiko whakamatao-wai 40 kW/60 kW/75 kW/125 kW a MIDA (https://www.midapower.com/40kw-dc-bus-input-1000v-dc-dc-ev-charging-module-liquid-cooled-power-module-product/) te mea e whakakaha ana i te tihi o te putea utu.

Ko te whakakotahitanga o te hiko DC ngaohiko teitei me te whakamatao wai ka taea te whakatinana i ngā pae 600 kW ki te 1 MW+ i roto i te raina kāpata kotahi, koinei tonu te wāhi e anga atu ana te mākete i te taenga mai o ngā taraka 800 V me ngā EV pāhihi utu nui.

Ngā Paerewa e Hanga Ana i te Tekau Tau e Whai Ake Nei

E toru ngā whānau paerewa e whakarārangihia ana te heke mai o te ngaohiko teitei, ā, me āta tirohia ēnei e ngā whakaritenga hoko:

He mea nui te hononga o te ISO 15118-20 me te MCS nā te mea ka whakataurite i te paparanga raraunga mō ngā wā megawatt: ka whiriwhiria te manatoko, te ine, me te rere o te hiko e rua ngā taha mā te mamati, he mea nui tēnei mō ngā pokapū utu taraka V2G me ngā pokapū utu taraka maha-MW. I tēnei wā, ko te whakamahinga o te NACS i Amerika Te Raki te tikanga me rite ngā hononga ki te NACS i runga i ngā taputapu hou e arohia ana e te US, ko te CCS2 tonu te mea taunoa o Ūropi — he wehenga ā-rohe e whakahaerehia ana e ngā whānau utu maha-paerewa, modular, me te kore e hangaia anō.

Tirohanga Hangarau: Ngā Mea ka Tae Mai i te Tau 2028

Ka kitea te huarahi mai i tēnei rā ki te tau 2028 i roto i ngā mahere mahi a ngā kaihoko me ngā rerenga mahi paerewa:

E rua ngā pānga whakamahere e whai ake nei. Tuatahi, me whakarite te rahi o ngā hanganga hiko o te papaanga (ngā whakawhiti hiko, ngā taputapu whakawhiti, ngā paipa hiko) mō te kahui hiko o te tau 2030, kaua mō te kahui hiko o te tau 2026 — he 3–5× te utu nui ake o te whakahou i ngā taputapu whakawhiti hiko i te rahi rawa atu i te wā hangahanga. Tuarua, me whiriwhiri ngā taputapu pākahiko me te taputapu rihi mai i ngā whānau modular e whakaae ana ki ngā modular ngaohiko teitei ake me ngā whakahoutanga wai-whakamatao, kia whanake tahi ai te rokiroki me te puranga hiko o te papaanga me te kahui hiko, kaua e whakakapia ki a ia.

Te Whakatūpato i tō Pūtea mō te Ao Whānui: He Rārangi Arowhai

Ka taea e ngā kaiwhakawhanake te mau i te heke mai o te ngaohiko teitei mā te whakatau i ngā whakatakotoranga e rima:

1. Tauwhāitihia ngā rihi 1000 V DC(paerewa rua CCS2/NACS, e tika ana rānei mō te mākete) mō ngā pae hou katoa o ngā pāhihi me ngā waka rererangi. 2.Kōwhiria te BESS hono-DCme tētahi pahi DC tiritahi mō te pūngao rā, te pākahiko, me ngā rihi hei hopu i te painga whai hua 5–10%. 3.Ngā kōwae hiko me ngā hononga whakamatao-wai whakahaui tētahi wāhi neke atu i te 300 kW hei karo i te pakaru o te raumati. 4.Te rahi o te hanganga taha-whatu mō te 1.5–2× te kaha tīmatangaki te tango i ngā whakahoutanga megawatt me te kore e whakakapi i ngā taputapu whakawhiti. 5.Kōwhiria ngā papaaho BESS modularka taea te whakapai ake i ōna ngaohiko pahi me ngā poraka hiko ki te 1500 V me te putanga akomanga-MCS.

Ehara i te mea he whakaaro noa iho te āhua o te utu hiko BESS DC teitei ā muri ake nei; kua taea te ine i roto i ngā whakarewatanga o ngā papaaho waka, ngā tuku utu hiko, me ngā rerenga mahi paerewa. Ko ngā papa i hangaia i tēnei rā i runga i ngā papaaho 1000 V DC-honohono, whakamatao-wai, ā-whakawhitiwhiti, koinā tonu ngā mea e whakataetae ana i te tau 2030 — ā, ko ērā e whiwhi moni whiwhi mai i te ratonga whatunga i te wā e hanga hou ana te toenga o te mākete.

Ngā Pātai Auau

1. He aha te utunga hiko BESS DC ngaohiko-tiketike?He hoahoa tēnei e whakahaerehia ai te rokiroki pākahiko i runga i tētahi pahi DC ngaohiko-tiketike (800–1500 V) e whāngai tika ana i ngā rihi DC — he maha ngā wā me te pūngao rā e honoa ana ki te DC — e āhei ai te utu 350 kW ki te megawatt me te iti ake o ngā mate huringa.

2. He aha te hiranga o te ngaohiko o te waka mō ngā hanganga utu?Ka tukuna te mana ōrite e te ngaohiko teitei ake o te waka (800 V/1000 V) i te iahiko iti iho, ka whakaiti i te wera me ngā ngaronga; me ōrite ngā rihi hiko ki te ngaohiko o te waka kia kore ai e heke te hiko, e huri rānei ngā ngaronga.

3. He aha te painga whai hua o te BESS hono-DC?Mā te hononga DC ka whakakorehia ngā wāhanga tahuritanga AC-DC e rua, ka whakapiki ake i te whai huatanga o te pūnaha haere-hoki mai i te 85–90% (hononga-AC) ki te 92–95% (hononga-DC).

4. He aha i hiahiatia ai te whakamatao wai mō te utu hiko nui?I runga ake i te ~300 kW, kāore e taea e te whakamatao hau te pupuri i te iahiko mā roto i ngā taura me ngā hononga; ka tangohia e te whakamatao wai te wera mai i te pūtake, ka taea ai te putanga tonu 500–600 A me te kore e heke te hiko.

5. He aha te MCS, ā, āhea ka whai tikanga ai?Ko te Pūnaha Utu Megawatt (tae atu ki te 1250 A, 3.75 MW mō ia wā) te paerewa CharIN/IEC mō te utu taraka mahi taumaha; ka whakawhiti i ngā ara huarahi mai i te 350 kW ki te mana akomanga megawatt i te pikinga ake o ngā taraka hiko.

6. Me hoko e au te 1000 V, te 1500 V rānei a BESS i tēnei rā?Mō te nuinga o ngā wāhi utu hiko EV, ka whakamahia e te pūnaha 1000 V te pūnaha o nāianei me te wā tata; me manatoko e ngā kaiwhakahaere e whakamahere ana i ngā hanganga ipu, i ngā hanganga taraka rānei te huarahi o te tūāpapa ki ngā whakapainga pahi 1500 V.

7. Ka kaha ake te NACS, te CCS2 rānei ā muri ake nei?Ko te NACS te paerewa tūturu mō ngā pae hou o Amerika Te Raki, ko te CCS2 ia te mea nui rawa atu i Ūropi; ko ngā rihi maha-paerewa e tautoko ana i ngā mea e rua, me te ISO 15118-20, te whiringa haumaru mō ngā kaiwhakahaere o te ao.