Ukadaulo wa V2G ndi momwe zilili pano kunyumba ndi kunja

Ukadaulo wa V2G ndi momwe zilili pano kunyumba ndi kunja

Kodi ukadaulo wa V2G ndi chiyani?
Ukadaulo wa V2G umatanthawuza kufalitsa mphamvu pawiri pakati pa magalimoto ndi gridi yamagetsi. V2G, yachidule cha "Vehicle-to-Grid," imalola magalimoto amagetsi kuti azilipiritsa kudzera pa gridi yamagetsi kwinaku akudyetsa mphamvu zosungidwa mu gridi. Cholinga chachikulu cha ukadaulo wa V2G ndikupititsa patsogolo luso la magalimoto amagetsi otulutsa ziro-emission ndikupereka chithandizo chamagetsi ndi ntchito zowongolera ku gridi yamagetsi.

Kudzera muukadaulo wa V2G, magalimoto amagetsi amatha kugwira ntchito ngati zida zosungira mphamvu, kudyetsa magetsi ochulukirapo kubwerera mugululi kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito ndi ogula ena. Panthawi yofunikira kwambiri ya gridi, ukadaulo wa V2G umathandizira kutulutsa mphamvu zamagalimoto zosungidwa mu gridi, ndikuthandizira kusanja katundu. Mosiyana ndi izi, panthawi yomwe gridi ikufunika, magalimoto amagetsi amatha kukoka mphamvu kuchokera ku gridi kuti awonjezere. Magalimoto amagetsi amayamwa magetsi panthawi yamagetsi otsika ndikuumasula panthawi yamagetsi okwera kwambiri, motero amapeza phindu kuchokera pakusiyana kwamitengo. V2G ikazindikirika bwino, galimoto iliyonse yamagetsi imatha kuonedwa ngati banki yamagetsi yaying'ono: kulowetsa mkati mwa gridi yocheperako kumasunga mphamvu, pomwe pagulu lalikulu lamagetsi, mphamvu zomwe zimasungidwa mu batri yamagetsi yagalimoto zimatha kugulitsidwa ku gridi kuti mupeze kusiyana kwamitengo.

Momwe V2G ilili ku China China ili ndi zombo zazikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi zamagalimoto amagetsi, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuthekera kwakukulu kwa msika wamagalimoto amtundu wamagetsi (V2G). Kuyambira 2020, boma lakhazikitsa mfundo zingapo zopititsa patsogolo ukadaulo wa V2G, pomwe mabungwe odziwika bwino monga Tsinghua University ndi Zhejiang University akuchita kafukufuku wozama. Pa 17 May, Bungwe la National Development and Reform Commission ndi National Energy Administration linapereka Malingaliro a Kukhazikitsa pa Kufulumizitsa Ntchito Yomanga Zomangamanga Zolipiritsa Kuti Zithandize Bwino Magalimoto Atsopano Amagetsi Kumadera Akumidzi ndi Kutsitsimutsa Kumidzi. Chikalatacho chikufuna: kulimbikitsa kufufuza mu matekinoloje ofunikira monga kuyanjana kwa bidirectional pakati pa magalimoto amagetsi ndi gridi (V2G) ndi kulamulira kogwirizana kwa magetsi a photovoltaic, kusungirako mphamvu, ndi kulipiritsa. Imayang'ananso kukhazikitsa zomangamanga zophatikizika zopangira magetsi opangira magetsi a photovoltaic, kusungirako mphamvu, ndi kulipiritsa kumadera akumidzi komwe mitengo yogwiritsira ntchito milu ndiyotsika. Kukhazikitsa malamulo amitengo yamagetsi okwera kwambiri kudzalimbikitsa ogwiritsa ntchito kulipiritsa panthawi yomwe simunafikepo. Pofika chaka cha 2030, zolipiritsa zofunidwa (zamphamvu) zidzachotsedwa pazigawo zapakati komanso zosinthira mabatire zomwe zimagwira ntchito pansi pazigawo ziwiri. Zolepheretsa pakugawa bwino ntchito yomanga ma network kumabizinesi a gridi zidzachepetsedwa, ndikubwezeretsanso kwathunthu ndikuphatikizidwa mumitengo yotumizira ndi kugawa. Mlandu wofunsira: Shanghai imakhala ndi magawo atatu owonetsera ma V2G opitilira ma EV khumi, kutulutsa pafupifupi 500 kWh pamwezi pamtengo wopeza ¥0.8 pa kWh. Mu 2022, Chongqing adamaliza kuzungulira kwa maola 48 kwa ma EV, kutengera 44 kWh mophatikizana. Kuphatikiza apo, madera ena mkati mwa China akuwunika mwachangu zoyeserera za V2G, monga projekiti yowonetsera ya Beijing Renji Building V2G ndi projekiti yowonetsera ya Beijing China Re Center V2G. Mu 2021, BYD idayamba pulogalamu yazaka zisanu yopereka magalimoto amagetsi apakati komanso olemetsa okwana 5,000 ku Levo Mobility LLC. Mayiko akunja a V2G Landscape ku Europe ndi America aika chidwi kwambiri paukadaulo wa V2G, ndikuyambitsa chithandizo cha mfundo zomveka bwino. Kuyambira mchaka cha 2012, University of Delaware idakhazikitsa pulojekiti yoyeserera ya eV2gSM, yomwe cholinga chake ndi kuwunika momwe magalimoto amagetsi amagetsi angakwaniritsire komanso azachuma omwe amapereka ma frequency ama frequency ku gridi ya PJM pansi pa mikhalidwe ya V2G kuti achepetse kufalikira kwa mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa. Kuti magalimoto amagetsi otsika kwambiri a University of Delaware atenge nawo gawo pamsika wowongolera pafupipafupi, woyendetsa adatsitsa mphamvu zochepa zomwe zimafunikira kwa opereka chithandizo cha pafupipafupi kuchokera pa 500 kilowatts mpaka pafupifupi 100 kilowatts. Mu 2014, mothandizidwa ndi US Department of Defense ndi California Energy Commission, ntchito yowonetsera idayambika ku Los Angeles Air Force Base. Mu Novembala 2016, bungwe la Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) lidakonza zosintha zowongolera kuti zithandizire kulowetsa mphamvu zosungirako ndikugawa zophatikizira zamagetsi (DER) m'misika yamagetsi. Ponseponse, kutsimikizira koyendetsa ndege ku US kumawoneka ngati kokwanira, ndi njira zowonjezera za mfundo zomwe zikuyembekezeka kumalizidwa mkati mwa chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri zikubwerazi, kutero kupangitsa V2G kuchita bizinesi yayikulu. Ku European Union, pulogalamu ya SEEV4-City idayamba mu 2016, kugawa € 5 miliyoni kuti ithandizire mapulojekiti asanu ndi limodzi m'maiko asanu. Ntchitoyi ikuyang'ana pakuthandizira ma microgrid kuti aphatikize mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa kudzera pa V2H, V2B, ndi V2N. Mu 2018, boma la UK lidalengeza ndalama zokwana £30 miliyoni pama projekiti 21 a V2G. Ndalamayi ikufuna kuyesa zotsatira zaukadaulo za R&D kwinaku ndikuzindikira mwayi wamsika wamaukadaulo oterowo.

Zovuta Zaukadaulo ndi Zovuta za Kugwirizana kwa Chipangizo cha V2G Technology:

Kugwirizana pakati pa magalimoto osiyanasiyana, mabatire, ndi ma gridi amagetsi kumabweretsa vuto lalikulu. Kuwonetsetsa kuti zimagwirizana kwambiri pama protocol oyankhulirana komanso kuyitanitsa / kutulutsa zolumikizirana pakati pa magalimoto ndi gridi ndikofunikira kuti pasamutsa mphamvu komanso kulumikizana. Kusinthasintha kwa Grid: Kuphatikiza magalimoto ambiri amagetsi m'makina olumikizirana ndi gridi kumatha kukhala ndi zovuta pamagawo omwe alipo. Nkhani zomwe zimafunikira kuwongolera zikuphatikiza kasamalidwe ka grid load, kudalirika kwa gridi ndi kukhazikika, komanso kusinthasintha kwa gululi pokwaniritsa zofuna za EV. Zovuta Zaukadaulo: Makina a V2G ayenera kuthana ndi zovuta zambiri zaukadaulo, monga ukadaulo wothamangitsa ndi kutulutsa mwachangu, makina owongolera mabatire, ndi njira zolumikizirana ndi grid. Mavutowa amafuna kuyesera kosalekeza ndi kufufuza ndi chitukuko. Kuwongolera Battery Yagalimoto: Kwa magalimoto amagetsi, batire imakhala ngati chida chofunikira kwambiri chosungira mphamvu. M'makina a V2G, kuwongolera moyenera kasamalidwe ka batri ndikofunikira kuti muzitha kulinganiza zofuna za gululi ndikuganizira za moyo wautali wa batri. Kulipiritsa / Kutulutsa Mwachangu ndi Kuthamanga: Kukwaniritsa njira zolipiritsa ndi kutulutsa moyenera ndikofunikira kuti mugwiritse ntchito bwino ukadaulo wa V2G. Ukadaulo waukadaulo wapamwamba uyenera kupangidwa kuti upititse patsogolo kusamutsa mphamvu ndi liwiro ndikuchepetsa kutayika kwa mphamvu. Kukhazikika kwa Grid: Ukadaulo wa V2G umaphatikizapo kuphatikiza magalimoto amagetsi monga gawo la gridi, kuyika zofunikira pakukhazikika kwa gridi ndi chitetezo. Zomwe zingatheke kuchokera kumagulu akuluakulu a gridi yamagalimoto ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa kuti zitsimikizire kudalirika ndi kukhazikika kwa dongosolo lamagetsi. Njira Zamsika: Mitundu yamalonda ndi njira zamisika zamakina a V2G zimabweretsanso zovuta. Kulingalira mozama ndi kusamvana kumafunikira pakulinganiza zokonda za omwe akukhudzidwa, kukhazikitsa dongosolo lamitengo yoyenerera, komanso kulimbikitsa kutenga nawo gawo kwa ogwiritsa ntchito pakusinthana kwamagetsi kwa V2G.

Ubwino Wogwiritsa Ntchito V2G Technology:

Kuwongolera Mphamvu: Ukadaulo wa V2G umathandizira magalimoto amagetsi kudyetsa magetsi mu gridi, ndikuwongolera kuyenda kwamphamvu kwapawiri. Izi zimathandiza kusanja katundu wa gridi, kukulitsa kukhazikika kwa gridi ndi kudalirika, komanso kuchepetsa kudalira magwero amphamvu oipitsa monga magetsi opangira malasha. Kusungirako Mphamvu: Magalimoto amagetsi amatha kugwira ntchito ngati gawo la makina osungira mphamvu, kusunga magetsi ochulukirapo ndikutulutsa akafunika. Izi zimathandizira kusanja kuchuluka kwa ma gridi ndikuwonjezera mphamvu zowonjezera panthawi yamphamvu. Kutulutsa Ndalama: Kudzera muukadaulo wa V2G, eni magalimoto amatha kulumikiza magalimoto awo amagetsi ku gridi, kugulitsa magetsi ndikupeza ndalama zofananira kapena zolimbikitsira. Izi zimapereka ndalama zowonjezera kwa eni ake a EV. Kuchepetsa Kutulutsa kwa Mpweya wa Carbon: Pochepetsa kudalira magwero amagetsi oipitsa wamba, magalimoto amagetsi opangidwa ndi V2G amatha kuchepetsa mpweya woipa wa carbon dioxide ndi mpweya wina wowonjezera kutentha, kubweretsa zotsatira zabwino zachilengedwe. Kusinthasintha kwa Gridi: Ukadaulo wa V2G umathandizira kasamalidwe ka gridi yamphamvu, kukonza bata ndi kudalirika. Imathandizira kusintha kosinthika pamlingo wofunikira wa gridi kutengera momwe zinthu ziliri nthawi yeniyeni, potero zimakulitsa kusinthika kwa gululi komanso magwiridwe antchito.