Kuyenda mu Nthawi ya 800V: Momwe Ma Charger a MIDA a 1000V High-Voltage Angathandizire Kuyika Ndalama Zanu Zamtsogolo

Kusintha kwa Paradigm: Kuchokera ku 400V mpaka 800V ndi Kupitirira apo

Kwa zaka zambiri m'zaka khumi zapitazi, makampani opanga magalimoto amagetsi (EV) akhala akugwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe ka batri ya 400V. Iyi inali poyambira koyenera, kulinganiza magwiridwe antchito ndi mtengo wamagetsi amagetsi. Komabe, tafika pamalire a makina a 400V. Kuti tikwaniritse "chaji ya mphindi 10" yomwe ogula amafuna, opanga magalimoto akutembenukira mwachangu ku mapangidwe a 800V ndi 1000V. Makampani monga Porsche, Hyundai, Kia, ndi Lucid ayambitsa kale nsanja zamagetsi amphamvu, ndipo makampani ogulitsa magalimoto amalonda akutsatiranso. Ma charger a DC a MIDA New Energy a 40kW-80kW okhala ndi khoma adapangidwa kuti akhale mlatho wopita ku tsogolo lamagetsi amphamvu.

1. Fiziki ya Liwiro: Chifukwa Chake Voltage Yapamwamba Imapambana

Kuti timvetse chifukwa chake makampaniwa akusamukira ku 800V/1000V, tiyenera kuyang'ana njira yoyambira yamagetsi:Mphamvu (Watts) = Voltage (Volts) × Current (Amperes).

1.1 Vuto la Kutentha kwa I²R

• Vuto:Mu makina a 400V, kuti apereke mphamvu ya 80kW, chojambuliracho chiyenera kukankhira ma Amps 200 a mphamvu. Kutentha komwe kumapangidwa mu kondakitala kumafanana ndi sikweya ya mphamvu yamagetsi (P = I²RMphamvu yamagetsi yokwera imapanga kutentha kwakukulu, komwe kumafuna zingwe zokhuthala, zolemera, komanso zoziziritsidwa ndi madzi zomwe ndi zokwera mtengo komanso zovuta kwa ogwiritsa ntchito.
• Yankho la High-Voltage:Mwa kuwonjezera mphamvu ya magetsi kufika pa 800V, mphamvu ya 80kW yomweyi imatha kuperekedwa ndi ma Amps 100 okha a mphamvu yamagetsi. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zingwe zopepuka komanso zosinthasintha, kuwononga mphamvu pang'ono, komanso kuchepetsa kwambiri kupsinjika kwa kutentha kwa mabatire a galimoto ndi ma circuitry amkati mwa chojambulira.
• Kugwiritsa Ntchito Bwino Kachitidwe:Makina a 800V amatha kuchepetsa mpaka 30% kutayika kwa chaji poyerekeza ndi makina a 400V omwe ali ndi mphamvu yomweyo.

1.2 Denga la MIDA la 1000V: Kupitirira 800V

Ngakhale kuti mawu akuti “800V” ndi ofala kwambiri, magalimoto ambiri amagwira ntchito pa ma voltage pakati pa 700V ndi 920V. Ma charger a MIDA amapangidwa ndiMalire otulutsa a 1000V, kupereka malire ofunikira achitetezo ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mabatire a m'badwo wotsatira akugwirizana ngakhale mabatire a m'badwo wotsatira akudutsa chizindikiro cha 800V kupita ku gawo la 900V+.

2. Ubwino wa 1000V Wide-Voltage: Charger Imodzi kwa Onse

Chiwopsezo chachikulu kwa omwe amaika ndalama mu zomangamanga ndi "kutha ntchito." Chojambulira chomwe chayikidwa masiku ano chomwe chimatulutsa mphamvu ya 500V yokha sichingathe kutchaja galimoto ya 800V pa liwiro lake lachibadwa, kapena nthawi zina, konse.

2.1 Mzere Wokhotakhota wa "Universal"

Mndandanda wa WY wa MIDA uli ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zotulutsa kuyambira150V mpaka 1000V.

• Volti Yotsika (150V-400V):Zabwino kwambiri pa magalimoto akale a EV (monga Nissan Leaf yoyambirira), njinga zamoto zamagetsi, ndi magalimoto ang'onoang'ono otumizira katundu mumzinda.
• Mphamvu Yokwera (400V-1000V):Yabwino kwambiri pa magalimoto apamwamba aposachedwa (Porsche Taycan, Lucid Air, Audi e-tron GT) ndi mapulatifomu apamwamba (Hyundai E-GMP, Kia EV6).
• Chigawo cha Mphamvu Chokhazikika:Gawo la MIDA UR100060A limasunga mphamvu zake zonse za 60kW kuyambira 300V mpaka 1000V. Izi zikutanthauza kuti galimoto yokhala ndi batire ya 400V imapeza mphamvu ya 60kW, ndipo galimoto yokhala ndi batire ya 800V imapeza mphamvu ya 60kW.komansoimapeza mphamvu ya 60kW. Ma charger akale nthawi zambiri amaona mphamvu zawo zikuchepa pakati akamachaja mabatire okhala ndi mphamvu zochepa.

3. SiC (Silicon Carbide): Injini Yogwira Ntchito Mokwanira ndi Mphamvu Yaikulu

Kupereka mphamvu ya 1000V kuchokera ku chipangizo chokhazikika pakhoma ndi vuto la uinjiniya lomwe zida zamagetsi zachikhalidwe zopangidwa ndi silicon sizingathe kuthana nalo. MIDA yathetsa vutoli mwa kuphatikizaSilikoni Carbide (SiC)ma semiconductor.

3.1 Fiziki ya Bandgap Yonse (WBG)

SiC ndi chinthu chopanda bandgap, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti chili ndi mphamvu yowononga dielectric yambiri kuposa silicon.

• Kuchepetsa Kukula:SiC imalola ma module ang'onoang'ono kwambiri amagetsi. UR100060 ndi yocheperako ndi 50% kuposa module yofanana ndi silicon.
• Kusintha Bwino:SiC imachepetsa kutayika kwa switching ndi 80%. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pamagetsi okwera kwambiri pomwe kutayika kwa switching nthawi zambiri kumakhala kofunikira kwambiri.
• Kuchita Bwino Kwambiri:Chojambulira cha MIDA chochokera ku SiC chimasunga mphamvu zoposa 95% ngakhale chikugwira ntchito m'mphepete mwa envelopu yake ya 1000V.

4. Kulumikizana ndi Kukhalitsa kwa Protocol: NACS, CCS, ndi ISO 15118

Kuteteza mtsogolo sikungokhudza mphamvu yamagetsi yokha; komanso kulankhulana.

4.1 Nkhondo Zolumikizira: NACS vs. CCS

Malo ochapira akusintha.

• NACS (Muyezo Wolipirira wa Kumpoto kwa America):Muyezo wa Tesla tsopano ukutsatiridwa ndi Ford, GM, ndi Rivian. MIDA imapereka zingwe za NACS zolumikizidwa ndi fakitale zomwe zimathandiza pa njira yolumikizirana ya Tesla.
• CCS1 ndi CCS2:Miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi ya North America ndi Europe. Kapangidwe ka MIDA kolumikizira ma modular kamalola kuti zingwe zisinthidwe ngati muyezo wamsika wakomweko wasintha, kuteteza ndalama zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito pa kabati yamagetsi.
• Kusintha Kwamphamvu:Wowongolera wa MIDA amatha kuzindikira ngati akulankhula ndi galimoto ya CCS kapena NACS ndikusintha ma protocol okha.

4.2 ISO 15118-20: Pulagi ndi Chaja ndi Kupitirira apo

Zipangizo za MIDA zakonzeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito posachedwapaISO 15118-20muyezo.

• Pulagi ndi Kuchaja:Palibe makadi a RFID. Galimotoyo imadzizindikiritsa yokha pa chojambulira, imayendetsa chanza cha chitetezo, ndipo imalipira akaunti ya mwiniwakeyo yokha.
• Chitetezo Chapamwamba:ISO 15118-20 imagwiritsa ntchito TLS 1.3 encryption, kuonetsetsa kuti kulumikizana pakati pa galimoto ndi chojambulira (chomwe chikuphatikizapo deta yolipira) sikuletsedwa ndi ma hackers.

5. V2X: Tsogolo la Mphamvu Yokwera Mphamvu Yonse M'mbali Zonse

Nthawi ya 800V idzakhalanso nthawi ya "Batri Yoyenda." Magalimoto sadzangotenga mphamvu yokha; adzaibwezera.

5.1 Kuyenda kwa Mphamvu M'mbali Zonse Ziwiri

Ndi ma module amphamvu osankha mbali ziwiri, mayunitsi okhala ndi makoma a MIDA amatha kuthandizira:

• V2G (Kuchokera ku Galimoto kupita ku Gridi):Kuthandiza magetsi kuti azitha kuyendetsa bwino magetsi nthawi yomwe magalimoto ambiri akuyenda bwino pokoka mphamvu kuchokera ku magalimoto amagetsi oimika magalimoto.
• V2B/V2H (Kuchokera ku Galimoto kupita ku Nyumba/Kunyumba):Kugwiritsa ntchito galimoto yamagetsi poyatsa nyumba yaofesi nthawi ya mdima kapena kuchepetsa ndalama zamagetsi pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya dzuwa yosungidwa usiku.
• Ubwino Wamphamvu Kwambiri mu V2X:Kutulutsa batire ya 800V kumakhala kothandiza kwambiri kuposa kutulutsa batire ya 400V, chifukwa kutayika kwa kusintha kumakhala kochepa.

6. Malangizo Abwino kwa Ogulitsa Zachitukuko

Ngati mukukonzekera ntchito yochaja magalimoto a EV lero, tsatirani malamulo atatu awa kuti muteteze ndalama zomwe mwayika:

1. Musagule zida zocheperako za 500V.Ndi zofanana ndi kugula foni ya 3G m'dziko la 5G. Pakatha zaka 3-5, 800V idzakhala muyezo wodziwika bwino.
2. Ikani patsogolo mphamvu zamagetsi.Pamene mitengo yogulira nyumba ikukwera, kuthekera koyika chipangizo champhamvu cha 80kW pakhoma (m'malo mwa kabati ya pansi) ndi mwayi waukulu wopikisana nawo.
3. Onetsetsani kuti Modularity ndi yolondola.Sankhani makina monga MIDA komwe ma module amphamvu amatha kusinthidwa mosavuta kapena kusinthidwa. Mndandanda wa WY wapangidwa kuti ugwire ntchito kwa zaka 15 ndi zida zosinthika.

7. Mapeto: Kutsogolera Kusintha kwa 800V

Kusintha kwa kuyitanitsa ma EV amphamvu kwambiri si chinthu chomwe chikuchitika; ndi kusintha kwakukulu mu sayansi ya kuyenda. Ma charger a MIDA New Energy a 1000V okhala ndi makoma ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yothetsera nthawi yatsopanoyi. Mwa kuphatikiza mphamvu yamagetsi amphamvu kwambiri ndi SiC bwino komanso kapangidwe kake, MIDA imapereka zida zomwe mabizinesi ndi oyendetsa magalimoto amafunikira kuti azidalira. Musamangomanga magalimoto amakono okha; koma mangani magalimoto azaka khumi zikubwerazi. Yendani munthawi ya 800V ndi MIDA.