Ukuhamba kwiXesha le-800V: Indlela iitshaja ze-MIDA ze-1000V High-Voltage eziqinisekisa ngayo utyalo-mali lwakho lweziseko zophuhliso

Utshintsho lweParadigm: Ukusuka kwi-400V ukuya kwi-800V nangaphezulu

Kwinxalenye enkulu yeshumi leminyaka elidlulileyo, ishishini lezithuthi zombane (EV) lisebenze kwisakhiwo sebhetri se-400V. Eli yayiliqalo elinengqondo, lilinganisa ukusebenza neendleko ze-elektroniki zamandla. Nangona kunjalo, sifikelele kwimida yeenkqubo ze-400V. Ukuze sifezekise "itshaja yemizuzu eli-10" efunwa ngabathengi, abenzi beemoto bajika ngokukhawuleza baye kwizakhiwo ze-800V kunye ne-1000V. Iimpawu ezifana nePorsche, iHyundai, iKia, kunye neLucid sele ziqalise amaqonga e-voltage ephezulu, kwaye ishishini leelori zorhwebo liyalandela. Iitshaja ze-DC ze-MIDA New Energy ezingama-40kW-80kW ezixhonywe eludongeni zenzelwe ukuba zibe yibhulorho eya kweli xesha lizayo le-voltage ephezulu.

1. Ifiziksi yesantya: Kutheni iVolthi ephezulu iphumelela

Ukuze siqonde ukuba kutheni eli shishini lisiya kwi-800V/1000V, kufuneka sijonge ifomyula esisiseko yamandla:Amandla (iiWatts) = I-Voltage (iiVolts) × I-Current (ii-Ampere).

1.1 Ingxaki yoBushushu be-I²R

• Umngeni:Kwinkqubo ye-400V, ukuze ikwazi ukuhambisa amandla angama-80kW, itshaja kufuneka ityhale ii-Amps ezingama-200 zamandla ombane. Ubushushu obuveliswa kwi-conductor bulingana nesikwere samandla ombane (P = I²R). Umbane ophezulu uvelisa ubushushu obukhulu, ufuna iintambo eziqinileyo, ezinzima, ezipholisiweyo ngolwelo ezibiza kakhulu kwaye kunzima kubasebenzisi ukuziphatha.
• Isisombululo se-High-Voltage:Ngokunyusa i-voltage ukuya kwi-800V, amandla afanayo angama-80kW anokuhanjiswa nge-100 Amps yamandla kuphela. Oku kukhokelela kwiintambo ezikhaphukhaphu neziguquguqukayo, inkcitho encinci yamandla, kunye noxinzelelo oluphantsi kakhulu lobushushu kwiiseli zebhetri zesithuthi kunye nesekethe yangaphakathi yetshaja.
• Ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo:Iinkqubo ze-800V zinokufikelela kwi-30% yokunciphisa ilahleko zokutshaja xa kuthelekiswa neenkqubo ze-400V ezikwinqanaba elifanayo lamandla.

Isilingi se-MIDA esingu-1000V: Ngaphaya kwe-800V

Nangona igama elithi “800V” lisetyenziswa kakhulu, izithuthi ezininzi zisebenza kwiivoltheji eziphakathi kwe-700V kunye ne-920V. Iitshaja ze-MIDA zenzelwe ukuba zibe ne-Umda wokuphuma we-1000V, ibonelela ngomda wokhuseleko obalulekileyo kwaye iqinisekisa ukuhambelana nokuba iibhetri zesizukulwana esilandelayo zidlula uphawu lwe-800V ziye kwindawo ye-900V+.

2. Inzuzo ye-1000V Wide-Voltage: Itshaja enye kubo bonke

Umngcipheko omkhulu kumtyali-mali weziseko zophuhliso "kukuphelelwa lixesha." Itshaja efakelwe namhlanje enokukhupha i-500V kuphela ayizukukwazi ukutshaja imoto ye-800V ngesantya sayo semveli, okanye kwezinye iimeko, kwaphela.

2.1 I-“Universal” Charging Curve

Uthotho lwe-MIDA lwe-WY lunoluhlu olubanzi kakhulu lwemveliso ukusuka150V ukuya kwi-1000V.

• I-Voltage ephantsi (150V-400V):Ifanelekile kwiimoto ezindala ze-EV (njengeNissan Leaf yakudala), iibhayisekile zombane, kunye neeveni ezincinci zokuhambisa impahla ezidolophini.
• I-Voltage Ephezulu (400V-1000V):Ilungele iimoto zamva nje ze-sedans zodidi oluphezulu (iPorsche Taycan, iLucid Air, iAudi e-tron GT) kunye namaqonga asebenza kakuhle (iHyundai E-GMP, iKia EV6).
• Ummandla waMandla oQondayo:Imodyuli ye-MIDA UR100060A igcina amandla ayo apheleleyo angama-60kW ukusuka kwi-300V ukuya kwi-1000V. Oku kuthetha ukuba imoto enebhetri ye-400V ifumana amandla angama-60kW, kwaye imoto enebhetri ye-800V ifumana amandla apheleleyo.kwakhonaifumana amandla angama-60kW. Iitshaja zemveli zihlala zibona amandla azo ehla ngesiqingatha xa zitshaja iibhetri ezinevolthi ephantsi.

3. I-SiC (iSilicon Carbide): Injini Esebenza Kakuhle NgeVoltha Ephezulu

Ukuhambisa i-1000V kwiyunithi encinci exhonywe eludongeni ngumceli mngeni wobunjineli owawungenakukwazi ukuhlangabezana ne-elektroniki yendabuko esekelwe kwi-silicon. I-MIDA isombulule oku ngokuhlanganisaI-Silicon Carbide (i-SiC)ii-semiconductors.

3.1 I-Wide Bandgap (WBG) Fiziksi

I-SiC yinto ebanzi, oko kuthetha ukuba inamandla aphezulu okuqhekeka kwe-dielectric kune-silicon.

• Ukunciphisa Ubungakanani:I-SiC ivumela iimodyuli zamandla ezincinci kakhulu. I-UR100060 incinci ngama-50% kunemodyuli esekwe kwi-silicon efanayo.
• Ukusebenza kakuhle kokutshintsha:I-SiC inciphisa ilahleko zokutshintsha nge-80%. Oku kubalulekile kwiivolthi eziphezulu apho ilahleko zokutshintsha zihlala zilawula iprofayili yokusebenza kakuhle.
• Ukusebenza Okuphezulu:Itshaja ye-MIDA esekelwe kwi-SiC igcina ukusebenza kakuhle okungaphezulu kwama-95% nangona isebenza kumda we-1000V imvulophu yayo.

4. Unxibelelwano kunye nobude beProtocol: NACS, CCS, kunye ne-ISO 15118

Ukuthintela ikamva akupheleli nje kwi-voltage; kuxhomekeke kunxibelelwano.

4.1 Iimfazwe zeConnector: NACS vs. CCS

Indlela yokutshaja iyatshintsha.

• I-NACS (Umgangatho Wokutshaja waseMntla Melika):Umgangatho weTesla ngoku uyamkelwa yiFord, GM, kunye neRivian. I-MIDA inikezela ngeentambo zeNACS ezidityaniswe kwifektri ngenkxaso yendalo yeprotocol yonxibelelwano lweTesla.
• I-CCS1 kunye ne-CCS2:Imigangatho yehlabathi yaseMntla Melika naseYurophu. Uyilo lwe-MIDA lwe-modular connector luvumela ukuba iintambo zitshintshwe ukuba umgangatho wemarike yasekuhlaleni uyatshintsha, nto leyo ekhusela utyalo-mali olusisiseko kwikhabhinethi yamandla.
• Ukutshintsha Okutshintshayo:Umlawuli we-MIDA unokufumanisa ukuba uthetha nesithuthi se-CCS okanye se-NACS aze atshintshe iiprotokholi ngokuzenzekelayo.

4.2 ISO 15118-20: Iplagi kunye nokutshaja kunye nokunye

Izixhobo ze-MIDA zilungele ezamva njeI-ISO 15118-20umgangatho.

• Iplagi kunye nokutshaja:Akusekho makhadi e-RFID. Imoto izichaza kwitshaja, iphatha ukuxhawulana, ize ihlawulise iakhawunti yomniniyo ngokuzenzekelayo.
• Ukhuseleko Oluphezulu:I-ISO 15118-20 isebenzisa ukubethela kwe-TLS 1.3, ukuqinisekisa ukuba unxibelelwano phakathi kwemoto kunye netshaja (equka idatha yentlawulo) alunakusetyenziswa zii-hackers.

5. V2X: Ikamva Elihamba Ngamacala Ahlukeneyo Lamandla Aphezulu E-Voltage

Ixesha le-800V liza kuba lixesha le-"Mobile Battery." Izithuthi aziyi kuthatha umbane nje kuphela; ziya kuwubuyisela.

5.1 Ukuhamba kwamandla kwiindlela ezimbini

Ngeemodyuli zamandla ezikhethwayo eziya kwicala ngalinye, iiyunithi ezixhonywe eludongeni ze-MIDA zinokuxhasa:

• I-V2G (Isithuthi ukusuka kwiGridi):Ukunceda iinkonzo zilinganise igridi ngexesha lomthwalo ophezulu ngokutsala amandla kwiimoto ze-EV ezipakishiweyo.
• V2B/V2H (Isithuthi ukuya esakhiweni/eKhaya):Ukusebenzisa ilori yombane ukukhanyisa isakhiwo seofisi ngexesha lokucima kombane okanye ukunciphisa iindleko zamandla ngokusebenzisa umbane welanga ogciniweyo ebusuku.
• Inzuzo yeVoltage ephezulu kwiV2X:Ukukhupha ibhetri ye-800V kusebenza kakuhle kakhulu kunokukhupha ibhetri ye-400V, njengoko ilahleko zokuguqulwa ziphantsi.

6. Iingcebiso zoBuchule kubatyali-zimali kwiZiseko zoPhuhliso

Ukuba uceba iprojekthi yokutshaja imoto ye-EV namhlanje, landela le mithetho mithathu ukukhusela utyalo-mali lwakho:

1. Ungaze uthenge izixhobo zekhompyutha ezilinganiselweyo ze-500V.Kufana nokuthenga ifowuni ye-3G kwihlabathi le-5G. Kwiminyaka emi-3-5, i-800V iya kuba ngumgangatho oqhelekileyo.
2. Beka phambili uxinano lwamandla.Njengoko iindleko zezindlu zinyuka, ukukwazi ukufaka iyunithi enamandla ye-80kW eludongeni (endaweni yekhabhinethi yomgangatho) yinzuzo enkulu yokukhuphisana.
3. Qinisekisa ukuba iModularity iyasebenza.Khetha iinkqubo ezifana ne-MIDA apho iimodyuli zamandla zinokuhlaziywa okanye zitshintshwe ngokulula. Uthotho lwe-WY luyilelwe ubomi benkonzo beminyaka eli-15 kunye nezixhobo ezitshintshanayo zemodyuli.

7. Isiphelo: Ukukhokela iNguquko ye-800V

Ukutshintshela ekutshajeni nge-EV enamandla aphezulu akuyonto iqhelekileyo; lutshintsho oluphambili kwifiziksi yokuhamba. Iitshaja ze-DC ezixhonywe eludongeni ze-MIDA New Energy eziyi-1000V zisisombululo esiqinisekileyo kweli xesha litsha. Ngokudibanisa amandla e-voltage aphezulu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-SiC kunye noyilo lwemodyuli, i-MIDA ibonelela ngezixhobo ekufuneka amashishini kunye nabaqhubi beenqwelo-mafutha bazityale ngokuzithemba. Musa ukwakha iimoto zanamhlanje kuphela; yakha iimoto zeshumi leminyaka elizayo. Jonga ixesha le-800V nge-MIDA.