Gukoresha 800V Era: Uburyo MIDA's 1000V High-Voltage Chargers zizagaragaza ishoramari ryawe mu bikorwa remezo mu gihe kizaza

Ihinduka rya Paradigm: Kuva kuri 400V kugeza kuri 800V no hejuru yayo

Mu myaka icumi ishize, inganda zikora ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi (EV) zakoresheje bateri ya 400V. Iyi yari intangiriro yumvikana, ihuza imikorere n'ikiguzi cy'ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi. Ariko, twageze ku mbibi za sisitemu za 400V. Kugira ngo abaguzi bagere ku "gutanga umuriro w'iminota 10" bakeneye, abakora imodoka barimo kuzenguruka vuba berekeza ku miterere ya 800V na 1000V. Ibigo nka Porsche, Hyundai, Kia, na Lucid byamaze gutangiza porogaramu zifite ingufu nyinshi, kandi inganda z'amakamyo y'ubucuruzi nazo zirakurikira. Imashini za MIDA New Energy zifite ingufu za 40kW-80kW zishyirwa ku nkuta zagenewe kuba ikiraro cyo kugera kuri iki gihe gifite ingufu nyinshi.

1. Fiziki y'Umuvuduko: Impamvu Voltage Ikomeye Itsinda

Kugira ngo dusobanukirwe impamvu inganda zirimo kwimukira kuri 800V/1000V, tugomba kureba formula y'ibanze y'ingufu:Ingufu (Watts) = Voltage (Volts) × Ingufu z'amashanyarazi (Ampere).

1.1 Ikibazo cy'ubushyuhe bwa I²R

• Imbogamizi:Muri sisitemu ya 400V, kugira ngo itange ingufu za 80kW, charger igomba gusunika Amps 200 z'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi. Ubushyuhe buturuka muri conductor bungana na kare y'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi (P = I²R). Umuriro mwinshi utanga ubushyuhe bwinshi, bigasaba insinga nini, ziremereye, zikonjeshejwe n'amazi kandi zihenze kandi zigoye kuzikoresha.
• Igisubizo cya Voltage nyinshi:Mu kongera ingufu kugeza kuri 800V, ingufu za 80kW zimwe zishobora gutangwa hakoreshejwe Amps 100 gusa z'amashanyarazi. Ibi bituma insinga zoroshye kandi zoroshye, ingufu nke zitakaza, kandi bigagabanya cyane ubushyuhe ku turemangingo twa bateri y'imodoka ndetse n'imiyoboro y'imbere y'imodoka ikoresha charger.
• Ikoreshwa neza rya sisitemu:Sisitemu za 800V zishobora kugabanya igihombo cyo gusharija kugeza kuri 30% ugereranije na sisitemu za 400V ku rwego rumwe rw'ingufu.

Igisenge cya 1.2 MIDA cya 1000V: Kirenze 800V

Nubwo "800V" ari ijambo rikoreshwa cyane, imodoka nyinshi zikora ku muvuduko uri hagati ya 700V na 920V. Imashini zitanga amashanyarazi za MIDA zakozwe zifiteUmupaka ntarengwa w'umusaruro wa 1000V, itanga urwego rw'umutekano rw'ingenzi kandi ikanagenzura ko ihuzwa nubwo bateri zo mu gisekuru gitaha zirenga ikimenyetso cya 800V zikagera ku butaka bwa 900V+.

2. Akamaro ka Voltage ya 1000V: Shajara imwe kuri bose

Ingaruka zikomeye ku mushoramari w’ibikorwa remezo ni "ishaje." Ishaje yashyizweho uyu munsi ishobora gusa gutanga 500V ntabwo ishobora gushyushya imodoka ya 800V ku muvuduko wayo, cyangwa rimwe na rimwe, na gato.

2.1 Uburyo bwo gushyushya "Isi Yose"

Uruhererekane rwa MIDA rwa WY rufite urwego runini cyane rw'ibisohoka kuva kuri150V kugeza 1000V.

• Voltage nke (150V-400V):Ni nziza cyane ku modoka zishaje zo mu bwoko bwa EV (nk'iya Nissan Leaf ya kera), moto zikoresha amashanyarazi, n'imodoka nto zitwara imizigo zo mu mujyi.
• Umuvuduko mwinshi w'amashanyarazi (400V-1000V):Ni nziza cyane ku modoka zigezweho zo mu bwoko bwa sedan (Porsche Taycan, Lucid Air, Audi e-tron GT) hamwe na porogaramu zikora neza (Hyundai E-GMP, Kia EV6).
• Akarere k'ingufu zihoraho:Module ya MIDA UR100060A igumana imbaraga zayo zose za 60kW kuva kuri 300V kugeza kuri 1000V. Ibi bivuze ko imodoka ifite bateri ya 400V ibona 60kW, naho imodoka ifite bateri ya 800V ikagira imbaraga za 60kW.na noneikoresha 60kW. Imashini zisanzwe zikoresha charger zikunze kugabanya imbaraga zazo mu gihe zikoresha batiri zifite voltage nke.

3. SiC (Silicon Carbide): Moteri ifite ingufu nyinshi

Gutanga 1000V ukoresheje icyuma gito gishyizwe ku rukuta ni ikibazo cy’ubuhanga ikoranabuhanga risanzwe rikoresha silikoni ritashoboraga gukemura. MIDA yagikemuye ihuzaKarubide ya silikoni (SiC)semiconductors.

3.1 Ubuhanga bwa Fiziki ku gice kinini (WBG)

SiC ni ibikoresho bifite umugozi munini, bivuze ko ifite imbaraga zo kwangirika kwa dielectric nyinshi cyane kurusha silikoni.

• Kugabanya Ingano:SiC yemerera modules z'ingufu nto cyane. UR100060 ni ntoya kuri 50% ugereranyije na module ishingiye kuri silicon.
• Uburyo bwo guhinduranya neza:SiC igabanya igihombo cyo guhinduranya kugeza kuri 80%. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane iyo umuriro mwinshi ukabije aho igihombo cyo guhinduranya ...
• Umusaruro w'ikirenga:Iyi shaja ya MIDA ikoresha SiC ikomeza gukora neza kurusha 95% nubwo ikora ku nkengero z'ibahasha yayo ya 1000V.

4. Guhuza no kuramba kwa Protocole: NACS, CCS, na ISO 15118

Guhangana n'ibizaza ntabwo ari ibijyanye n'amashanyarazi gusa; ni ibijyanye n'itumanaho.

4.1 Intambara z'Umuhuza: NACS vs. CCS

Imiterere y'ingufu iri guhinduka.

• NACS (Igipimo ngenderwaho cyo Gusharija muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru):Amahame ya Tesla ubu arimo kwemezwa na Ford, GM na Rivian. MIDA itanga insinga za NACS zihujwe n'uruganda hamwe n'ubufasha bwa gakondo kuri protocole y'itumanaho rya Tesla.
• CCS1 na CCS2:Amabwiriza mpuzamahanga ku rwego rw'Amerika ya Ruguru n'i Burayi. Igishushanyo mbonera cya MIDA cy'uburyo bwo guhuza insinga gifasha gusimbuza insinga iyo igipimo cy'isoko ryo mu gace k'iwabo gihindutse, bikarinda ishoramari ry'amashanyarazi.
• Guhinduranya Ihindagurika:Akamashini ka MIDA gashobora kumenya niba kavugana n'imodoka ya CCS cyangwa NACS hanyuma kagahindura protocole mu buryo bwikora.

4.2 ISO 15118-20: Gushyiramo no Gushyushya no Kurenzaho

Ibikoresho bya MIDA byiteguye gukoreshwa mu buryo bugezwehoISO 15118-20gisanzwe.

• Gucomeka no Gushaja:Nta makarita ya RFID akiriho. Imodoka yiyerekana kuri charger, igafata icyemezo cyo gusabana n'abashinzwe umutekano, hanyuma ikishyura konti ya nyirayo mu buryo bwikora.
• Umutekano uhanitse:ISO 15118-20 ikoresha uburyo bwa TLS 1.3 bwo gushishoza, igenzura ko itumanaho riri hagati y'imodoka n'icyuma gishyushya (harimo amakuru yo kwishyura) ridashobora kwangizwa n'abajura.

5. V2X: Ahazaza h'Ingufu Zifite Ingufu Zikomeye mu Mirongo Ibiri

Igihe cya 800V kizaba ari n'igihe cya "Bateri igendanwa." Imodoka ntizizafata amashanyarazi gusa; zizayasubiza.

5.1 Ingufu zigenda mu cyerekezo cy'ibiri

Hamwe n'uburyo bwo gushyiraho amashanyarazi bw'impande ebyiri, MIDA ishobora gushyigikira:

• V2G (Imodoka iva kuri Grid):Gufasha ibigo by'amashanyarazi kuringaniza ikoranabuhanga mu gihe cy'imizigo myinshi cyane binyuze mu gukura ingufu mu modoka zitwara amashanyarazi ziparitse.
• V2B/V2H (Imodoka kuva ku nyubako/urugo):Gukoresha ikamyo ikoresha amashanyarazi mu gutanga ingufu ku nyubako y'ibiro mu gihe cy'ibura ry'amashanyarazi cyangwa kugabanya ikiguzi cy'ingufu hakoreshejwe ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba zabitswe nijoro.
• Akamaro ka Voltage Ikomeye muri V2X:Gusohora bateri ya 800V bikora neza cyane kurusha gusohora bateri ya 400V, kuko igihombo cyo guhindura ari gito.

6. Inama z'ingamba ku bashoramari mu bikorwa remezo

Niba uteganya umushinga wo gusharija imodoka za EV uyu munsi, kurikiza aya mategeko atatu kugira ngo urinde ishoramari ryawe:

1. Ntuzigere ugura ibikoresho bifite ubushobozi bwa 500V.Ni kimwe no kugura telefoni ya 3G mu isi ya 5G. Mu myaka 3-5, 800V izaba ari yo ikoreshwa cyane.
2. Shyira imbere ubucucike bw'ingufu.Uko ibiciro by’ubutaka byiyongera, ubushobozi bwo gushyiramo imashini ikomeye ya 80kW ku rukuta (aho gushyira mu kabati ko hasi) ni inyungu ikomeye mu irushanwa.
3. Menya neza ko ibintu bihinduka.Hitamo sisitemu nka MIDA aho module z'amashanyarazi zishobora kuvugururwa cyangwa gusimburwa byoroshye. Uruhererekane rwa WY rwagenewe ubuzima bw'imyaka 15 hamwe n'ibice bishobora guhindurwa.

7. Umwanzuro: Kuyobora Impinduramatwara ya 800V

Gukoresha amashanyarazi ya EV afite ingufu nyinshi si ikintu gikunze kubaho; ni impinduka y'ingenzi mu mikorere y'imodoka. MIDA New Energy ifite ingufu za 1000V, DC chargers, ni igisubizo cy'ukuri muri iki gihe gishya. Mu guhuza ubushobozi bwa volteji nyinshi hamwe n'imikorere myiza ya SiC n'igishushanyo mbonera cya modular, MIDA itanga ibikoresho abacuruzi n'abakora mu modoka bakeneye gushora imari mu cyizere. Ntukubakire imodoka z'iki gihe gusa; wubakire imodoka zo mu myaka icumi iri imbere. Jya mu gihe cya 800V ukoresheje MIDA.