Ukuhlaziywa okukhethekile kwemboni ye-module yokushaja izimoto zamandla amasha embonini yokushaja i-EV

Imodyuli yokushaja: “Inhliziyo” yenqwaba yokushaja ye-DC iyazuza ngokuqubuka kwesidingo futhi ukuthambekela kwamandla aphezulu kulindeleke ukuthi kuholele ekukhuleni
Imodyuli yokushaja: idlala indima yokulawula nokuguqula amandla kagesi, izindleko zibiza u-50%

“Inhliziyo” yemishini yokushaja ye-DC idlala indima ekuguqulweni kukagesi. Imojula yokushaja isetshenziswa emishinini yokushaja ye-DC. Yiyunithi eyisisekelo yokwenza ukuguqulwa kwamandla njengokulungiswa, i-inverter, kanye nesihlungi. Indima eyinhloko ukuguqula amandla e-AC kugridi abe ugesi we-DC ongashajwa ngokushaja ibhethri. Ukusebenza kwemojula yokushaja kuthinta ngqo ukusebenza okuphelele kwemishini yokushaja ye-DC. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuhlobene nenkinga yokuphepha kokushaja. Kuyingxenye eyinhloko yemishini yokushaja ye-DC yemoto yamandla entsha. Yaziwa ngokuthi “inhliziyo” yemishini yokushaja ye-DC. Ingxenye ephezulu yemojula yokushaja ikakhulukazi ama-chips, amadivayisi kagesi, ama-PCB kanye nezinye izinhlobo zezingxenye. Ingxenye engezansi ngumkhiqizi, opharetha kanye nezinkampani zezimoto emishinini yokushaja ye-DC. Ngokombono wokwakheka kwezindleko zenqwaba yokushaja ye-DC, izindleko zemojula yokushaja zingafinyelela ku-50%

Ezingxenyeni eziyinhloko zenqwaba yokushaja, imodyuli yokushaja ingenye yezingxenye eziyinhloko, kodwa ibiza u-50% wezindleko zayo. Ubukhulu bemodyuli yokushaja kanye nenani lamamojula kunquma amandla amandla enqwaba yokushaja.

Inani lamaqoqo okushaja laqhubeka landa, futhi isilinganiso samaqoqo sehla kancane kancane. Njengengqalasizinda esekelayo yezimoto ezintsha zamandla, inani lamaqoqo okushaja landa ngokwanda kwenani lezimoto ezintsha zamandla. Isilinganiso senqwaba yemoto sibhekisela esilinganisweni senani lezimoto ezintsha zamandla nenani lamaqoqo okushaja. Kuyinkomba elinganisa ukuthi inqwaba yokushaja ingahlangabezana yini nesidingo sokushaja izimoto ezintsha zamandla. Kulula kakhulu. Ekupheleni kuka-2022, izimoto ezintsha zamandla zezwe lami zazinezimoto eziyizigidi ezingu-13.1, inani lamaqoqo okushaja lafinyelela kumayunithi ayizigidi ezingu-5.21, kanti isilinganiso samaqoqo sasingu-2.5, ukwehla okukhulu ku-11.6 ngo-2015.

Ngokusho komkhuba owandayo wezimoto ezintsha zamandla esikhathini esizayo, isidingo sokushaja okusheshayo kwamandla aphezulu sibonisa ukukhula okukhulu, okusho ukuthi isidingo samamojula okushaja sizokhula kakhulu, ngoba amandla aphezulu asho ukuthi amamojula amaningi okushaja kudingeka axhunywe ngokulandelana. Ngokusho kwenani lakamuva lama-pile okushaja eShayina, isilinganiso sama-pile ezimoto zomphakathi zaseShayina singu-7.29: 1 Ngokuphambene nalokho, imakethe yaphesheya kwezilwandle ingaphezu kuka-23: 1, isilinganiso sama-pile ezimoto zomphakathi zaseYurophu sifinyelela ku-15.23: 1, kanti ukwakhiwa kwama-pile ezimoto zaphesheya kwezilwandle akwanele neze. Esikhathini esizayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yimakethe yaseShayina noma kusenendawo enkulu yokukhula ezimakethe zaseYurophu naseMelika, ukuya olwandle nakho kungenye yezindlela izinkampani zama-module okushaja zaseShayina zokufuna ukukhula.

I-MIDA igxile ekuthuthukisweni, ekukhiqizweni nasekuthengisweni kwezingxenye eziyinhloko zemishini yokushaja ye-DC ezimotweni ezintsha zamandla. Imikhiqizo eyinhloko amamojula okushaja angu-15kW, 20KW, 30KW kanye no-40KW. Isetshenziswa kakhulu emishinini yokushaja ye-DC njengezinqwaba zokushaja ze-DC kanye namakhabethe okushaja.

Ingxenye yama-DC piles kuma-public charger piles ikhuphuke kancane kancane. Ekupheleni kuka-2022, inani lama-public piles okushaja ezweni lakithi lalingamayunithi ayizigidi ezingu-1.797, unyaka nonyaka + 57%; lapho, ama-DC piles okushaja ayengamayunithi angu-761,000, unyaka nonyaka + 62%. Ngokubheka isilinganiso, ekupheleni kuka-2022, ingxenye yama-DC piles kuma-public charger piles ifinyelele ku-42.3%, ukwanda kwama-5.7PCTs kusukela ngo-2018. Njengoba izidingo zezimoto ezintsha zamandla zisezingeni lokushaja, ikusasa lama-DC piles kulindeleke ukuthi likhule kakhulu.

Ngaphansi komkhuba wokushaja ngamandla aphezulu, inani lamamojula okushaja kulindeleke ukuthi likhuphuke. Ngenxa yesidingo sokugcwalisa kabusha okusheshayo, izimoto ezintsha zamandla zithuthuka zibe amapulatifomu aphezulu kagesi ngaphezu kuka-400V, futhi amandla okushaja akhuphuke kancane kancane, okuletha ukufinyezwa okukhulu kwesikhathi sokushaja. Ngokusho kwe-"White Paper of the Development Trend of Charging Infrastructure" kaHuawei eyakhishwa yiHuawei ngo-2020, uma sibheka izimoto zabagibeli njengesibonelo, iHuawei kulindeleke ukuthi ifinyelele ku-350kW ngo-2025, futhi kuzothatha imizuzu eyi-10-15 kuphela ukuthi ishajwe ngokugcwele. Ngokombono wesakhiwo sangaphakathi sama-DC charging piles, ukuze kufezwe ukushaja kwamandla aphezulu, inani lokuxhumeka okuhambisanayo kwemojula yokushaja lidinga ukwanda. Isibonelo, inqwaba yokushaja engu-60kW idinga amamojula amabili okushaja angu-30KW ukuze kuhambisane, kanti i-120kW idinga amamojula amane okushaja angu-30KW ukuze kuxhunywe okuhambisanayo. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kufezwe ukushaja okusheshayo kwamandla aphezulu, ukusetshenziswa kwamamojula angaphambi kwesikhathi kuzothuthukiswa.

Ngemva kweminyaka eminingi yokuncintisana okugcwele emlandweni, intengo yamamojula okushaja isizinzile. Ngemva kweminyaka eminingi yokuncintisana emakethe kanye nempi yamanani, intengo yamamojula okushaja yehle kakhulu. Ngokusho kwedatha evela kwi-China Business Industry Research Institute, intengo eyodwa ye-W yemojula yokushaja ngo-2016 yayicishe ibe yi-1.2 yuan. Ngo-2022, intengo yemojula yokushaja i-W yehle yaya ku-0.13 yuan/W, kanti iminyaka eyi-6 yehle cishe ngo-89%. Ngokombono wezinguquko zamanani eminyakeni yamuva, intengo yamanje yamamojula okushaja isizinzile futhi ukwehla kwaminyaka yonke kunqunyelwe.

Ngaphansi kwezindlela zamandla aphezulu, inani kanye nenzuzo yemodyuli yokushaja kuthuthukisiwe. Uma amandla emodyuli yokushaja emakhulu, kulapho ugesi ukhipha khona umkhiqizo omkhulu ngesikhathi seyunithi. Ngakho-ke, amandla okukhipha enqwaba yokushaja ye-DC athuthuka ngendlela enkulu. Amandla emodyuli yokushaja eyodwa athuthukiswa kusukela ku-3KW yokuqala, 7.5kW, 15kW, kuya endleleni yamanje engu-20kW kanye no-30KW, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi athuthuke ngendlela yokusebenzisa engu-40KW noma ezingeni eliphezulu lamandla.

Isikhala Semakethe: Isikhala somhlaba wonke kulindeleke ukuthi sidlule ama-yuan ayizigidigidi ezingama-50 ngo-2027, okuhambisana ne-CAGR engama-45% eminyakeni emi-5 ezayo.
Ngokusekelwe ekubikezelweni kwama-pile okushaja "emakethe eyizigidigidi eziyi-100, inzuzo yenzuzo" (20230128), esikukhiphile ngaphambilini, ngokusekelwe "emakethe eyizigidigidi eziyi-100, inzuzo yenzuzo" (20230128), isikhala semakethe yemojula yokushaja yomhlaba wonke. Umbono umi kanje: Amandla okushaja ajwayelekile enqwaba yomphakathi ye-DC: Ezindleleni zamandla aphezulu, kucatshangwa ukuthi amandla okushaja enqwaba yokushaja ye-DC anda ngo-10% minyaka yonke. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi amandla okushaja ajwayelekile enqwaba yomphakathi ye-DC ngo-2023/2027 angu-166/244kW. Intengo yemojula yokushaja eyodwa ye-W: imakethe yasekhaya, ehambisana nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe nemiphumela yesikali, uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi intengo yemojula yokushaja yehla unyaka nonyaka, futhi ukwehla kuzoncipha unyaka nonyaka. Kulindeleke ukuthi intengo eyodwa ye-W ka-2023/2027 ingu-0.12/0.08 yuan; Izindleko zokukhiqiza ziphakeme kunezasekhaya, futhi intengo ye-single W kulindeleke ukuthi ibe cishe kabili kunemakethe yasekhaya. Ngokusekelwe ekucabangeni okungenhla, silindele ukuthi ngo-2027, isikhala semakethe yemojula yokushaja yomhlaba wonke sizoba cishe yi-yuan eyizigidigidi ezingama-54.9, okuhambisana ne-45% CAGR kusukela ngo-2022-2027.