Ibisubizo bya BESS byagenewe ubwikorezi bw'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi

Igisubizo cyihuse

Ku bakoresha imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi mu makamyo akomeye, sisitemu yo kubika ingufu za batiri (BESS) ni itandukaniro riri hagati y’ububiko butanga umuriro ku gihe n’ubuhagarara ku irembo. Igisubizo cya BESS gikozwe mu buryo bwa BESS gihuza bateri ihoraho (ubusanzwe 200 kWh kugeza kuri 2 MWh+) ifite charger za DC zikomeye (120 kW kugeza 960 kW+) kugira ngo aho hantu hashobore gutanga charger zo mu rwego rwa megawatt badategereje kuvugurura grid. Imiterere ikwiye—igenwa n’igihe cy’akazi k’imodoka, kwegeranya abagera, n’imiyoboro ihari—igabanya charges zo gukenera, yongera ikoreshwa rya charger, kandi ikarinda amadirishya yo kohereza umuriro. Iyi nyandiko isobanura uburyo abakoresha imodoka, injeniyeri za depot, n’abashinzwe imishinga bagomba gupima, gushyiraho, no gushyiraho ibyuma bitanga charger bishyigikiwe na BESS ku makamyo y’amashanyarazi.

Ibintu by'ingenzi byakunzwe

• Ingano ya BESS ku magare y'amakamyo iterwa n'imiterere y'amakamyo aturuka ku kuhagera hamwe n'umuvuduko ntarengwa wo gusharija, ntabwo ari ingufu zisanzwe za buri munsi.
• Gukoresha Megawati (MCS-class, 1 MW+) birashoboka iyo hakoreshejwe gridi nto iyo BESS ifashe ikirere.
• Imiterere ya BESS ihujwe kandi irimo amakontenari igabanya ikiguzi cyo kuyishyiraho, igihe cyo kuyikoresha, n'aho ikoreshwa.
• Gukata no gusubiza ku busabe bw'ibicuruzwa bihindura ububiko kuva ku kigo cy'ikiguzi kikajya mu buryo bwo kwinjiza amafaranga n'imisoro.
• Uburyo bwo gukorana hagati ya OCPP 2.0.1 na ISO 15118 ni ngombwa kugira ngo habeho imicungire y’ingufu zikora ku rwego rw’ubwikorezi.

Imbogamizi yo Gukoresha Ingufu zo Gushyushya: Impamvu Ubushobozi bw'Umuyoboro w'Ingufu Butangirira Ku Munsi

Ikamyo y'amashanyarazi yo mu cyiciro cya 8 ifite batiri ya 500–700 kWh isanzwe ikenera kWh 300–500 kuri buri gihe kugira ngo isubire ku kazi. Iyo amakamyo atanu ageze mu mpera y'akazi, aho bategera imodoka hahita hakenerwa MWh 1.5–2.5 itangwa mu gihe cy'amasaha ane kugeza kuri atandatu. Transformer isanzwe—akenshi 500 kVA kuri MVA 1—ntishobora kwihanganira uwo mutwaro, kandi kuvugurura umurongo w'amashanyarazi bihora bifata amezi 12 kugeza kuri 24 kandi bigatwara amafaranga atandatu mu masoko menshi.

Iki ni cyo kibazo nyamukuru cy’amashanyarazi aturuka ku ruganda: ingufu ziboneka muri grid, ariko ingufu ntiziboneka. BESS ikora neza igabanya ibyo byombi. Bateri isohoka muri grid ku gipimo gihamye kandi cyemewe (urugero, 250 kW) mu masaha menshi, hanyuma ikagera kuri 480 kW, 960 kW, cyangwa irenga iyo amakamyo ahageze. Ubusabe ntarengwa bw’amashanyarazi buguma buri hejuru mu gihe ubushobozi bwo gusharija bungana n’ubwo indege zikeneye.

Ku bayobozi b'amato, ingaruka zifatika ni izi: BESS ikuraho impamvu imwe ikunze gutuma imishinga yo gushyushya amakamyo itinda—gutegereza ikigo cy'amashanyarazi. Sitasiyo yo gushyushya ya BESS [2 MWh 960 kW] (https://www.midapower.com/2mwh-960kw-bess-charging-station-megawatt-ev-charger-solar-battery-storage-system-product/) ishobora gutanga umusaruro wa megawatt uvuye ku muyoboro w'amashanyarazi igice gito cy'ingano yawo, bigatuma amashanyarazi yo mu bubiko aba umushinga w'ubwubatsi aho kuba umushinga w'ibikorwa remezo.

Imiterere ya BESS igenewe amakamyo

Ikigo cyo gusharija cya BESS cyo mu rwego rwo hejuru kigizwe n'ibirenze bateri na sharija gusa. Sisitemu nto z'ingenzi ni izi:

1. Ibyuma byo kubika ingufu za batiri— Uturemangingo twa LFP (lithium iron phosphate) dushyizwe mu duce tw’amashanyarazi, dufite ingano ya 100–500 kWh, hamwe n’imicungire y’ubushyuhe n’igenzura ry’urwego rw’uturemangingo. 2.Gukoresha DC byihuse— Ibice bifite imbaraga zingana na 120 kW kugeza kuri 960 kW+, hakoreshejwe ibihuza bya CCS1, CCS2, cyangwa MCS, akenshi bifite insinga zikonjeshejwe n'amazi zifite ubushobozi bwa 500 A no hejuru kugira ngo zikoreshwe neza. 3.PCS zo mu cyerekezo kimwe (uburyo bwo guhindura ingufu)— ihindura grid AC muri DC kuri bateri kandi igashyigikira urujya n'uruza rw'ingufu rushobora gukoreshwa na V2G aho amategeko abibemerera. 4.Sisitemu yo gucunga ingufu z'ahantu (EMS)— igena gahunda yo kwishyuza, ishyira mu bikorwa imipaka y'ibikenewe, kandi igatunganya uburyo bwo kwishyuza, kogosha cyane, no gusubiza ibikenewe. 5.Telematike na OCPP 2.0.1 inyuma— ihuza chargers na porogaramu yo gucunga ububiko bw'indege ndetse na platform y'umukozi w'ikigo gishinzwe ikoranabuhanga.

Ikintu cyagenewe ubwikorezi ni ingenzi kuko ububiko bwa tagisi, ikigo gikwirakwiza ibicuruzwa mu karere, n'imikorere yo gusohora ibicuruzwa ku cyambu bifite imiyoboro itandukanye cyane. Umukozi ushinzwe ibyambu ashobora gukenera gushyuha gukomeye hagati y'ubwato bugera; ikigo gikwirakwiza ibicuruzwa gikenera gushyuha mu ijoro ryose; ubwikorezi bw'ubwubatsi bushobora kungukirwa na sitasiyo yo gushyuha ya BESS igendanwa ya [418 kWh 240 kW] (https://www.midapower.com/418kwh-240kw-bess-charging-station-battery-storage-mobile-ev-charger-product/) igenda hagati y'aho akazi kakorerwa.

Gupima Sisitemu: Kuva ku Munsi w'Umurimo kugeza ku Bubasha bwa Bateri

Ingano itangirira ku makuru, ntabwo ari ku makatalogu y'abacuruzi. Inzira ifite intambwe eshanu:

1. Gukusanya telemetri— Intera y'inzira, ingufu kuri kilometero imwe, igihe cyo kurangiza akazi, n'ishusho y'ingufu zo gusharija ku bwoko bw'ikamyo nyazo. 2.Kora umurongo wo kugera— garagaza umubare w'amakamyo akenera ingufu buri saha y'umunsi. Gushyira hamwe ni umwanzi w'imizigo idafite aho ihuriye. 3.Sobanura idirishya ryo kohereza— amasaha buri kamyo igomba kugera ku rugero rw’aho yashyizwe (ubusanzwe 80–100% ku ihinduka rya mbere). 4.Ingufu zo mu rwego rwo hejuru— imbaraga ntarengwa zo gusharija icyarimwe, zituma charger na BESS bipima imbaraga. 5.Kubara ingufu zikenewe— ingufu zikoreshwa buri munsi, zituma bateri ibasha gukora, hamwe n’ikigereranyo cya 15–20% mu kwangirika no kwangirika kw’imbeho.

Imbonerahamwe iri hepfo igaragaza ibyavuye mu ngano y’ibipimo bitatu by’ubwikorezi bw’indege:

Itegeko ry'ingirakamaro: BESS igomba kwishyura 30–50% by'ingufu za buri munsi z'ububiko, aho grid igaburira ibisigaye ku giciro gihoraho. Iri kiguzi rigabanya ikiguzi cyo gutwara bateri mu gihe cyongereye amafaranga yo kuzigama ku busabe.

Imiterere y'ubwubatsi ihuriweho na kontineri ugereranije n'iyubatswe hamwe

Ahantu hakoreshwa indege hashobora gushyira BESS mu buryo bubiri bw'ingenzi, kandi guhitamo bigira ingaruka ku buryo bufatika ku ishyirwaho n'imikorere.

Imigozi yo gusharija ya BESS yahujweHuza bateri, charger, na control mu gipangu kimwe. Sitasiyo yo gusharija ya BESS ya 200 kWh 120 kW ifite imikorere ya CCS, NACS, na CHAdeMO] (https://www.midapower.com/ccs-nacs-chademo-200kwh-120kw-bess-charging-station-energy-storage-ev-charger-piles-product/) ni urugero rwiza rw'iyi tsinda rito, rikoresha plug-and-play. Ibikoresho bihujwe bikwiranye n'ububiko bufite umwanya muto, ahantu hadahoraho, kandi bifite connector nyinshi, kandi akenshi bitangira gukora mu minsi mike aho kuba amezi.

Sitasiyo za BESS zifite konteyineritandukanya bateri (akenshi na 500 kWh kugeza kuri 2 MWh mu gikoresho cyangwa mu kabati) n'ibikoresho byo gushyushya. Ubu buryo bwiganjemo ububiko bunini kuko bwemerera:

• Ingufu zigenga (ubushobozi bwa bateri) n'ingufu (umubare w'ingufu zikoreshwa),
• Koroshya uburyo bwo kubungabunga no gusimbuza modules,
• Gukuraho inkongi z'umuriro no kugenzura ibidukikije,
• Igiciro gito kuri kilowati-saa imwe ukurikije igipimo.

Ku hantu hafite amashanyarazi make, [sitasiyo yo gushyushya BESS ifite amashanyarazi 500 kWh] (https://www.midapower.com/news/500kwh-containerized-bess-charging-station-for-grid-constrained-areas/) ishobora gushyirwaho mu gihe imirimo yo kuvugurura amashanyarazi ikiri gukorwa, bigatuma imodoka zitangira gushyushya amashanyarazi amezi menshi mbere yaho.

Uburyo bwo kugenzura bugezweho: OCPP 2.0.1, ISO 15118, na EMS

BESS yagenewe gutanga agaciro gusa iyo porogaramu iyiteguye neza. Ibigo bigezweho by’indege bikoresha EMS ihora ikemura ibibazo bitatu: igihe cyo gusharija bateri, uburyo bwo gushyira ingufu mu makamyo afunguye, n'igihe cyo gusharija kugira ngo yogoshe imisozi y’aho iherereye.

Amahame atatu atuma ubu buryo bwo kwikora bushoboka:

• OCPP 2.0.1— protocole yo gukoresha charger ujya ku mugongo; imikorere yayo yo gusharija neza no gucunga igikoresho ifasha EMS gushyiraho imipaka y'amashanyarazi kuri charger mu gihe nyacyo.
• ISO 15118— protocole yo gushyushya imodoka; Plug & Charge igenzura imodoka mu buryo bwikora kandi ikagaragaza imiterere ya bateri y'imodoka n'aho igarukira mu gushyushya.
• IEC 61851— urwego rw'ibanze rw'itumanaho ryo gusharija rugena uburyo ikinyabiziga gikoresha amashanyarazi kigenda gitanga ibimenyetso hagati yacyo na EVSE.

Iyi porotokoli ihuriweho, ituma ububiko bushyira imbere amakamyo mu gihe cyo guhaguruka, bugashyira mu bikorwa itegeko rigenga amashanyarazi, kandi bukagira uruhare muri gahunda zo gusubiza ibibazo by’ingufu zitabaye ngombwa. Uwatanze serivisi zo gutwara indege abona dashboard imwe n’iy’umuyobozi ushinzwe ingufu, bigahuza uburyo imodoka ziteguye kwitegura n’uburyo ingengo y’imari ikoreshwa.

Ubukungu bw'Imikorere ku Kigero cy'Ibintu

Ubukungu bw'imodoka zikoresha BESS burushaho kuba bwiza bitewe n'ubunini n'ikoreshwa ryayo. Ugereranyije n'ahantu hakoresha megawati gusa, imiterere ya BESS ikunze gutanga ibi bikurikira:

• Kugabanya amafaranga yo gusabaya 30–50% ku fagitire y'ibikoresho by'ibanze by'aho hantu, kuko ubwinshi bw'amashanyarazi buri kwezi buba bwagabanutse;
• Ikoreshwa ry'amashanyarazi menshi, kubera ko chargers zikora ku musaruro wose uva kuri bateri aho gukandagira ku mupaka w'urukuta;
• Kwizerwa kohereza, hamwe na bateri ifata ubwinshi bw'imodoka zigenda ku gihe;
• Amafaranga yinjira ntahitemobivuye mu bikorwa byo gusubiza ibyo abantu bakeneye, ndetse no mu masoko y’ubwisanzure, ku bijyanye n’ingufu.

Amafaranga yishyurwa ku bubiko bw’imodoka BESS isanzwe ihagarara hagati y’imyaka itatu n’itandatu bitewe n’imisoro n’ibicuruzwa by’ingenzi mu karere—yihuta cyane kurusha ikiguzi cyo kuvugurura amashanyarazi mu turere twinshi, akenshi arenga igiciro cya BESS ubwacyo mu gihe nta buryo bworoshye bwo gukora.

Umwanzuro

Amakamyo y'amashanyarazi ananirwa gukoresha ingufu, ntabwo ari ingufu. BESS yagenewe gukemura ikibazo cy'amashanyarazi ku bubiko igabanya ubushobozi bw'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi, igatuma umubare w'abayakenera ugabanuka, kandi igatuma umubare w'abayakoresha utangira gushya muri megawati uhereye ku miyoboro isanzwe. Igisubizo gikwiye gitangirana n'umuvuduko w'akazi k'ubwato n'ibipimo kuva kuri 200 kWh ivanze kugeza kuri 2 MWh ifite konteyineri—buri kimwe gishingiye ku makamyo, imihanda, n'ibiciro bikoreshwa aho hantu. Ku bakoresha ubwikorezi bw'ubwato, icyemezo ntikikiri ukumenya niba amashanyarazi akoreshwa, ahubwo ni ukumenya niba ubwikorezi bw'ubwato bushyigikiwe na BESS bushobora gukoreshwa vuba.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

1. Nkeneye BESS nini ingana iki ku modoka 20 zikoresha amashanyarazi?Itsinda ry’amakamyo 20 yo mu karere atwara imizigo mu buryo buciriritse, ubusanzwe rikenera ububiko bwa kWh 400–500 hamwe n’ubushobozi bwa kVA 400–500, iyo habayeho gusharija nijoro n’igihe cyo gusharija amasaha 8. Umubare nyawo uterwa n’ingufu z’inzira, gukusanya amakamyo, n’ingufu zo gusharija.

2. Ese koko BESS ishobora gushyigikira gusharija amakamyo yo mu bwoko bwa megawatt?Yego. BESS ya 2 MWh ihujwe na charger za 960 kW+ ishobora gutanga megawatt bursts mu byiciro bikurikirana kuko bateri isohora vuba kurusha connection ya grid, hanyuma ikazura ku muvuduko uhoraho hagati y’amatsinda.

3. Ikigo cyo gushyushya BESS kimara igihe kingana iki kugira ngo gikoreshwe?Imiyoboro ya BESS yo gusaruza ishobora gukoreshwa mu minsi mike; ubusanzwe bifata ibyumweru bine kugeza ku munani harimo imirimo y’ubwubatsi n’imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi. Byombi byihuta cyane kurusha ivugururwa rya transformer, bishobora gufata amezi 12-24.

4. Ni ibihe bihuza ibyuma bya BESS chargers bikoresha ku makamyo?CCS1 (Amerika ya Ruguru), CCS2 (Uburayi n'igice kinini cya Aziya-Pasifika), na MCS (megawatt charger standard) ni byo bikunze gukoreshwa cyane; NACS na CHAdeMO bitanga serivisi ku modoka zihariye n'izisanzwe. Sitasiyo zihuza imodoka nyinshi zikunze kuboneka mu madepo avanze.

5. Ese BESS yongera imikorere ikomeye muri depo?Oya, iyo EMS yashyizweho neza. OCPP 2.0.1 na ISO 15118 bifasha gukora gahunda yikora, gushyiraho ingufu, no gutanga raporo, bityo BESS igakora nk'igikoresho aho kuba nk'igikoresho cya kabiri.

6. Igihe gisanzwe cyo kwishyura ku bubiko bw'imodoka BESS ni ikihe?Imyaka itatu kugeza kuri itandatu ni ibisanzwe, bitewe no kuzigama amafaranga yo gusaba, kugabanya ikiguzi cyo kuvugurura ikoranabuhanga, gukoresha amafaranga menshi yo gusaba, n'inyungu zo mu gace utuyemo. Ahantu hafite imisoro yo gusaba ibihano niho hishyurwa vuba.

7. Ese BESS imwe ishobora gushyigikira iterambere ry'amato mu gihe kizaza?Yego, niba imiterere y’ibikoresho ari modular. Sisitemu zishingiye kuri kontineri n’izishingiye ku kabati zemerera kongeramo bateri n’ibikoresho byo kuzikoresha buhoro buhoro, bityo aho zikorera hagakwirana n’imodoka zidasimbuza igice cy’ibanze.