Ukuthuthukisa Impendulo Yesidingo Ezikhungweni Zokushaja ze-Smart BESS

Impendulo Esheshayo:Impendulo yesidingo [eziteshini zokushaja ze-BESS ezihlakaniphile](https://www.midapower.com/energy-storage-charging-station) isho ukusebenzisa isitoreji samandla sebhethri esisendaweni kanye nokuphathwa kwamandla okuhlakaniphile ukushintsha, ukunciphisa, noma ukuthumela amandla ngokuphendula izimpawu zentengo yegridi, imicimbi ye-DR yokusetshenziswa, noma izingcingo zokulawula imvamisa. Isayithi lokushaja le-EV elihlanganiswe kahle ngebhethri linganciphisa izindleko zesidingo ngo-20-40%, livule imali engenayo yokulawula imvamisa kanye nokushefa okuphezulu, futhi linciphise izidingo zamandla okuxhumeka kwegridi ngo-30-50% - ngenkathi ligcina ulwazi lwabashayeli be-EV lungashintshi. Ifomula ephumelelayo ihlanganisa izilawuli ezine: ukushefa okuphezulu, ukushintsha umthwalo, ukuphathwa komthwalo oguquguqukayo, kanye nokukhishwa kwe-V2G okuqondiswayo, konke kuhlelwe yi-EMS ekhuluma nge-OCPP kanye ne-ISO 15118. Abasebenzi abasebenzisa zonke izendlalelo ezine bavame ukuthola i-premium ye-BESS zingakapheli iminyaka engu-3-6 ngokusebenzisa izindleko zesidingo ezigwenyiwe, izikhuthazo ze-DR, kanye ne-arbitrage yamandla.

Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabangele:

• Izindleko zokufuna, hhayi izindleko zamandla, zibusa izindleko zokushaja i-EV yezentengiselwano; ukwanda okukhulu kwemizuzu engama-30 kungasusa inzuzo yenyanga yonke.
• Iziteshi zokushaja ezihlakaniphile ezifakwe i-BESS yizo kuphela izakhiwo zesayithi ezingashaja izimoto futhi zithengise ukuguquguquka emuva kugridi.
• Ukushefa okuphezulu, ukushintsha umthwalo, ukuphathwa komthwalo oguqukayo, kanye nokukhishwa kwe-V2G kwakha isitaki sokwenza ngcono esinezingqimba ezine okufanele sisetshenziswe ngokulandelana.
• Isendlalelo sephrothokholi yokulawula (OCPP 1.6J/2.0.1, ISO 15118, Modbus/DNP3) sinquma ukuthi isiteshi singahlanganyela yini ezinhlelweni ze-DR ezisetshenziswayo.
• Ibhethri elingu-200–500 kWh elinosayizi ongu-0.5–1× amandla okushaja aletha i-ROI engcono kakhulu yempendulo yesidingo kumasayithi okuhweba ajwayelekile angu-120–480 kW.

Ithuba Lokuphendula Ngesidingo Elicashe Esayithini Lakho Lokushaja

Umqhubi wendawo waseYurophu usebenzisa amashaja asheshayo ayisishiyagalombili angu-120 kW DC endaweni yokuphumula emgwaqweni omkhulu. Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla nyanga zonke kuncane, kodwa izindleko zikagesi zibonisa into yomugqa wenkokhelo yokufunwa ebiza cishe u-60% wezindleko zikagesi. Isizathu ukwanda okukodwa kwemizuzu eyi-15 ngoFebhuwari, lapho amaloli kagesi ayisishiyagalombili efika ngesikhathi sokushisa okubandayo futhi edonsa u-900 kW kusuka ekuxhumekeni kwegridi okunobukhulu obungu-800 kW.

Lesi simo asihlukile. Izindleko zikagesi zezentengiselwano kulo lonke elaseNyakatho Melika, eYurophu nase-Australia zivame ukukhokhisa ama-USD angu-5-20 nge-kW yesidingo esiphezulu, esilinganiswa ngaphezu kwezikhawu zemizuzu eyi-15 noma engama-30. Endaweni yokushaja i-EV, ukuhlangana okukhulu kwezimoto eziningi - imikhumbi yokulethwa ebuya ngo-5 ntambama, noma idepho yamabhasi eshaja ubusuku bonke - kudala uhlobo olufushane, olunamandla lokunyuka kwemithwalo olujezisa izindleko zokufuna. Isiteshi sokushaja se-BESS esihlakaniphile sikhona ukuze simunce lawo ma-spikes. Ibhethri liyashaja ngesikhathi samafasitela anenani eliphansi, adinga kakhulu futhi liphuma ngesikhathi sesidingo esikhulu, okwenza iphrofayili yomthwalo wendawo ibe lula kumitha.

Impendulo yesidingo inweba lo mqondo kusukela endaweni eyodwa kuya kugridi yonke. Abasebenzi bezinhlelo zokusebenza kanye nezinhlelo zokudlulisa (ama-TSO) bakhokha izimpahla ezinganciphisa ukusetshenziswa noma ukufaka amandla ngomyalo - ngokuvamile ama-USD angu-50-300 ngonyaka ngezibopho zomthamo, kanye nezinkokhelo zamandla nge-MWh ngayinye ezilethwa ngesikhathi semicimbi. Isiteshi sokushaja esisekelwa yibhethri singaphendula umcimbi we-DR ngaphansi komzuzwana owodwa futhi siqhubeke nokukhishwa amahora angu-1-4, okwenza kube enye yezimpahla ezisatshalaliswayo ezisabela kakhulu inkampani engazisebenzisa. Ihadiwe efanayo ekhonza abashayeli inika indawo umthombo wesibili wemali engenayo.

Indlela Isiteshi Sokushaja se-BESS Esihlanganyela Ngayo Empendulweni Yesidingo

Isiteshi sokushaja i-EV esihlanganiswe nebhethri ngokuyinhloko siyimpahla yamandla enama-terminal amathathu: okokufaka kwegridi, isitoreji sebhethri, kanye nokukhishwa kwemoto. Uhlelo lokuphatha amandla (i-EMS) luphakathi nendawo, lunquma ngesikhathi sangempela ukuthi i-kilowatt ngayinye igeleza kuphi. Ukwakhiwa kulandela uhlu olulula.

Iimitha yegridiIqiniso liyiqiniso. Konke ukulungiswa kwempendulo yesidingo kuhlose ukungenisa okulinganisiwe: umgomo awukona ukukhulisa ukushaja, kodwa ukunciphisa izindleko zephrofayili ehlanganisiwe.I-inverter ye-BESS(ngokuvamile i-100–250 kW ngekhabhinethi, ngesimo sama-AC-DC noma ama-DC-DC converters aqondisa izinhlangothi ezimbili) aguqula phakathi kwegridi ye-AC nebhethri le-DC.isitaki samandla eshaja— kwi-MIDA, i-modular 60–480 kW [isiteshi esime phansi] (https://www.midapower.com/dc-fast-charger-station) noma uhlelo lokuhlukaniswa kwe-360–1680 kW — idonsa kusuka ebhasini le-DC. Emiklamo ehlanganiswe yi-DC, ibhethri londla ishaja ngqo ngaphandle kokuguqulwa kabili, okuphakamisa ukusebenza kahle kokuhamba nokubuya kube cishe ngu-92–95%.

I-EMS isebenzisa isu le-DR isebenzisa isitaki sokulawula esinezingqimba ezine:

1. Ukubikezela umthwalo wendawo: i-EMS ifunda amaphethini okushaja ngehora losuku, usuku lwesonto, kanye nesizini, ibikezela amahora angu-24-48 okulayisha alandelayo. 2.Intengo kanye nokungenisa isignali: amashejuli entela, izaziso zemicimbi ye-DR yokusetshenziswa, kanye namanani emakethe esikhathi sangempela afika ngamaphrothokholi afana ne-OpenADR, i-Modbus, noma i-DNP3. 3.Injini yokwenza ngcono: inqubo yokwenza ngcono izinombolo ezixubile ixazulula isheduli yokushaja/yokukhipha ibhethri enciphisa izindleko eziphelele ngenkathi ihlonipha ukubaluleka kweshaja, imikhawulo ye-SOC yebhethri, kanye nemikhawulo yokuxhumeka kwegridi. 4.Ukwenziwa: ishejuli ithunyelwa ku-inverter ye-BESS futhi idluliselwe kumashaja nge-OCPP, icindezela noma ikhuphula amandla ngeseshini ngayinye njengoba kudingeka.

I-EMS elungisiwe kahle izogcina isidingo esilinganisiwe singaphakathi kophahla oluthambile (isb., u-80% wamandla okuxhuma) ngaso sonke isikhathi, igcinele ihhovisi imicimbi ye-DR lapho inkampani icela ukuncishiswa okuqinile.

Amasu Okuthuthukisa Okuyinhloko Aletha Ukonga Okulinganiselwe

Amasu amane akha incwadi yokudlala yempendulo yesidingo yeziteshi zokushaja ze-BESS ezihlakaniphile. Ziyahambisana, futhi opharetha abavuthiwe basebenza zozine ngasikhathi sinye.

Ukushefa okuphezulu kakhulu kuyindawo yokuqala ngoba akudingi zinkontileka zangaphandle futhi kuletha ukonga kusukela ngosuku lokuqala. Ukuphathwa komthwalo oguquguqukayo kuyintuthuko ephezulu kakhulu: ama-MIDA [amashaja e-smart EV DC] (https://www.midapower.com/smart-ev-dc-charger-150kw-180kw-200kw-240kw-300kw-360kw-420kw-fast-charging-station-floor-standing-dc-pile-product/) ku-throttle output yebanga elingu-150–420 kW ngeseshini nge-OCPP, ngakho-ke umqhubi angafaka amashaja amabili ku-120 kW yomthamo wegridi esikhundleni seyodwa. Ukulawulwa kwemvamisa yisevisi ye-premium; yenza imali ngesivinini sebhethri, kodwa idinga ukuthi isiteshi siqashwe ne-TSO noma i-aggregator.

I-Control Stack Eyenza Impendulo Yesidingo Ibe Khona

Ibhethri elingokoqobo kanye namashaja kuyingxenye yesistimu kuphela. Impendulo yesidingo iwumdlalo wedatha, futhi i-protocol stack inquma ukuthi yiziphi izinhlelo isiteshi esingazijoyina.

Abaqhubi kufanele baphikelele ekusekelweni kwe-OCPP 2.0.1 emishinini emisha: ingeza ukuphepha (i-TLS, izibuyekezo ze-firmware ezisayiniwe) kanye nezinto zokuqala zokushaja ezihlakaniphile ezingenayo i-OCPP 1.6J. I-ISO 15118-20 iyindinganiso eseceleni kwemoto eguqula i-V2G kusuka ku-demo yelebhu ibe yisevisi yegridi; iphatha ukudluliselwa kwamandla okuqondiswa kabili, ukuqinisekiswa okusekelwe esitifiketini, kanye nokuhlela amandla ngesikhathi sangempela phakathi kweshaja nemoto. Ku-interface yokusetshenziswa, i-OpenADR 2.0b iyindinganiso yangempela yemicimbi ye-DR, kuyilapho i-DNP3/IEC 61850 ibalulekile kumasayithi afuna ukuthengisa ukulawulwa kwemvamisa ngqo ku-TSO.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-[Imojula yokushaja ye-V2G](https://www.midapower.com/30kw-40kw-v2g-charging-module-bidirectional-ac-dc-converter-product/) ibe yindawo eguqula imoto ngokwayo ibe ibhethri elisabalele. Amamojula e-MIDA angu-30 kW/40 kW aqondisa kabili kanye namamojula e-DC-DC V2G angu-15 kW/20 kW avumela indawo yokugcina izimoto ukuthi ihlanganise izimoto eziningi zibe yichibi lokugcina elibonakalayo elingu-1–2 MW — umthamo ohlanganyela ku-DR ngaphandle kwehadiwe yebhethri eyengeziwe.

Umhlahlandlela Wokusebenza: Kusukela Kubuhlungu Be-Invoice Kuya Ku-DR Revenue

Uchungechunge lwezinyathelo ezinhlanu lususa isayithi kusuka ekukhokhiseni okungenamsebenzi kuya ekubambeni iqhaza kwegridi esebenzayo:

1. Hlola iphrofayili yomthwalo.Donsa idatha yesikhashana yemizuzu eyi-15 yezinyanga eziyi-12 kusuka kumitha yokusetshenziswa. Thola imicimbi eyi-10 ephezulu, ubude bayo, kanye nomshayeli wayo (ukufika kwemikhumbi, isimo sezulu esibandayo, imicimbi). 2.Usayizi webhethri ofanele.Kwindawo yokushaja engu-120–480 kW, ibhange lebhethri elingu-200–500 kWh (cishe amandla okushaja angu-0.5–1 × ku-kWh) limboza u-90% wezidingo zokushefa eziphakeme. Iziteshi ze-MIDA ze-modular BESS — kusukela ku-120 kWh/60 kW kuya ku-[482 kWh/320 kW] (https://www.midapower.com/320kw-482kwh-bess-charger-mobile-ev-charging-station-energy-storage-system-product/) — zivumela amandla ukuthi angezwe kumabhulokhi ajwayelekile. 3.Sebenzisa i-EMS bese uxhuma amashaja nge-OCPP.Lungiselela ukuphathwa komthwalo oguqukayo ngaphambi kokuthinta izinhlelo ze-DR; yikona kuphela okungaphinda kabili ukusetshenziswa komthamo wesayithi. 4.Joyina izinhlelo ze-DR zamandla namandla.Qala ngemicimbi ye-DR yokusetshenziswa (i-OpenADR), bese udlulela ezimakethe ezisekelayo ze-TSO uma imithetho yendawo ivumela ukubamba iqhaza kwisitoreji. 5.Engeza i-V2G kanye nokuhlanganiswa.Inkontileka nomhlanganisi ukuze uhlanganise isayithi nezinye izimpahla, uvule ukulawulwa kwemvamisa kanye nezinkokhelo zemakethe yamandla.

Lokhu Kusho Ukuthini Ngecala Lebhizinisi Lakho

Izomnotho zempendulo yesidingo ziwumehluko phakathi kwendawo yokushaja engashintshi kakhulu kanye neyokukhiqiza inzuzo yezinga lengqalasizinda. Cabanga ngesiteshi sokushaja se-BESS esingu-320 kW esinesitoreji esingu-482 kWh esikhonza isikhungo somgwaqo omkhulu. Izindleko zesidingo zehla cishe ngo-30%, zisindisa u-18,000–30,000 USD ngonyaka ngamanani ajwayelekile ezentengiselwano. I-TOU arbitrage ingeza amanye u-8,000–15,000 USD ngonyaka. Inkontileka ye-DR yomthamo inikela u-6,000–12,000 USD ngonyaka, kanti ukulawulwa kwemvamisa kunezela u-10,000–25,000 USD uma imakethe ye-TSO ivuliwe. Izinzuzo zonyaka ezihlanganisiwe ezingu-40,000–80,000 USD uma kuqhathaniswa nephrimiyamu ye-BESS engaba ngu-150,000–250,000 USD ibeka ukubuyiselwa kwemali eminyakeni engu-3–6 — ngaphambi kokubala izindleko ezigwenyiwe zokuthuthukiswa kokuxhumeka kwegridi, okungaphezu kwezindleko zebhethri ngokuphelele ezindaweni eziningi zomgwaqo omkhulu.

Amasayithi awina umdlalo wokuphendula kwesidingo yilawo aphatha ibhethri njengempahla yegridi kunokuba yisesekeli sokushaja. I-kilowatt ngayinye yesitoreji kufanele ibe neshejuli yokuthumela, inkontileka yemali engenayo, kanye nomphumela olinganisiwe. Njengoba kunezakhiwo ze-modular kanye nokulawula kwendabuko kwe-OCPP/ISO 15118 okutholakalayo namuhla, akukho mkhawulo wobuchwepheshe osele phakathi kwendawo yokushaja kanye nezimakethe zokuguquguquka.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Iyini impendulo yesidingo esiteshini sokushaja se-BESS?Impendulo yesidingo umkhuba wokunciphisa noma ukushintsha ukusetshenziswa kwegridi yesayithi - noma ukufaka amandla agciniwe - ngenxa yezibonakaliso zamanani, imicimbi ye-DR yokusetshenziswa, noma izingcingo zokulawula imvamisa yegridi, kusetshenziswa amabhethri esiteshi kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula ezihlakaniphile.

2. Kungakanani impendulo yesidingo enganciphisa ibhili kagesi lendawo yami yokushaja?Abaqhubi bavame ukunciphisa izindleko zokufunwa ngo-20-40% kanye nezindleko zamandla ngo-10-30% ngokushintshwa komthwalo, kanye nokonga okuhlangene okungu-40,000-80,000 USD ngonyaka okungatholakala ezindaweni zeklasi elingu-300 kW.

3. Ingabe abashayeli bayaqaphela lapho isiteshi sihlanganyela ekuphenduleni kwesidingo?Cha. I-EMS iqinisa noma ithuthukise ukushaja ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo yamandla enkontileka yeseshini ngayinye, futhi ukukhishwa kwebhethri kuvala igebe. Abashayeli babona isivinini sokushaja esifanayo kanye nezikhathi zeseshini.

4. Uyini umehluko phakathi kokushefa okuphezulu kanye nokushintsha umthwalo?Ukushefa okuphezulu kuvala isidingo esiphezulu esilinganisiwe sendawo ngokukhipha ibhethri ngesikhathi sokuphumula, kuyilapho ukushefa umthwalo kususa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kusuka emahoreni abizayo ngesikhathi sokuphumula kuya emahoreni ashibhile ngesikhathi sokuphumula. Ukushefa okuphezulu kuqondisa ukushaja kwesidingo; ukushefa umthwalo kuqondisa izinga lamandla.

5. Ingabe isiteshi sami se-BESS sidinga izinqubo ezikhethekile ukuze sijoyine izinhlelo ze-DR ezisetshenziswayo?Yebo. I-OpenADR 2.0b yemicimbi ye-DR esetshenziswayo, i-OCPP 2.0.1 yokulawula ishaja, kanye ne-ISO 15118 ye-V2G yizindinganiso ezibalulekile. Imishini emidala ye-OCPP 1.6J isengabamba iqhaza nge-EMS kodwa inezici ezimbalwa.

6. Ingabe amabhethri emoto angayithatha indawo ye-BESS esendaweni ukuze kuphendulwe isidingo?Ngokwengxenye. Izimoto ezikwazi ukusebenza njenge-V2G zinganikela ngo-50–150 kW womthamo oguquguqukayo ngemikhumbi emincane ngayinye, kodwa i-BESS esendaweni isabalulekile ukuze kutholakale impendulo eqinisekisiwe, ehlala ikhona — izimoto zipakwe ngendlela engalindelekile, amabhethri awapaki.

7. Singakanani isikhathi sokukhokha se-BESS endaweni yokushaja i-EV ngokulungiswa kwe-DR?Njengoba zonke izendlalelo ezine zokwenza ngcono zisebenza, ukubuyiselwa kwemali kuvame ukuwela ebangeni leminyaka engu-3-6; amasayithi agwema ukuthuthukiswa kokuxhumeka kwegridi angabona ukubuyiselwa kwemali kungakapheli iminyaka engu-3.