Ukuphucula impendulo yemfuno kwizikhululo zokutshaja ze-Smart BESS

Impendulo ekhawulezileyo:Impendulo yemfuno [kwizikhululo zokutshaja ze-BESS ezikrelekrele](https://www.midapower.com/energy-storage-charging-station) ithetha ukusebenzisa indawo yokugcina amandla ebhetri kwindawo kunye nolawulo lwamandla olukrelekrele ukutshintsha, ukunciphisa, okanye ukuthumela amandla ngaphandle ngokuphendula kwiimpawu zexabiso legridi, imicimbi ye-DR yokusetyenziswa, okanye iifowuni zokulawula amaza. Indawo yokutshaja ye-EV edityaniswe kakuhle ngebhetri inokunciphisa iindleko zemfuno ngama-20–40%, ivule ingeniso yokulawula amaza kunye nokucheba okuphezulu, kwaye inciphise iimfuno zomthamo woqhagamshelo lwegridi ngama-30–50% — ngelixa igcina amava abaqhubi be-EV engatshintshi. Ifomula ephumeleleyo idibanisa ulawulo olune: ukucheba okuphezulu, ukushefa umthwalo, ulawulo lomthwalo oluguquguqukayo, kunye nokukhupha i-V2G ecaleni, konke kuququzelelwe yi-EMS ethetha i-OCPP kunye ne-ISO 15118. Abaqhubi abasebenzisa zonke iileya ezine bahlala befumana iprimiyamu ye-BESS kwiminyaka emi-3–6 ngokusebenzisa iindleko zemfuno ezithintelweyo, izikhuthazo ze-DR, kunye ne-arbitrage yamandla.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uziqwalasele:

• Iindleko zokufuna, hayi iindleko zamandla, zilawula iindleko zokutshaja ii-EV zorhwebo; ukunyuka okukhulu kwemizuzu engama-30 kunokususa imajini yenyanga.
• Izitishi zokutshaja ezikrelekrele ezineBESS zezona zodwa izakhiwo zesiza ezinokutshaja izithuthi kwaye zithengise ukuguquguquka kwakhona kwigridi.
• Ukucheba okuphezulu, ukushenxiswa komthwalo, ulawulo lomthwalo olutshintshayo, kunye nokukhupha i-V2G kwenza i-stack yokulungisa eneeleya ezine ekufuneka isetyenziswe ngokulandelelana.
• Umaleko weprotocol yokulawula (OCPP 1.6J/2.0.1, ISO 15118, Modbus/DNP3) umisela ukuba isikhululo sinokuthatha inxaxheba kwiinkqubo ze-DR eziluncedo.
• Ibhetri ye-200–500 kWh enobukhulu obuyi-0.5–1×, amandla okutshaja anika i-ROI engcono kakhulu yokuphendula kwiisayithi zorhwebo eziqhelekileyo eziyi-120–480 kW.

Ithuba Lokuphendula Ngemfuno Elifihliweyo Kwindawo Yakho Yokutshaja

Umqhubi wesiza saseYurophu usebenzisa iitshaja ezisibhozo ze-120 kW DC ezikhawulezayo kwindawo yokuphumla kwindlela enkulu. Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngenyanga kuncinci, kodwa iindleko zeenkonzo zibonisa into yomgca wentlawulo yemfuno ebiza phantse i-60% yeendleko zombane. Isizathu sinyuke ngemizuzu eli-15 ngoFebruwari, xa iilori zombane ezisibhozo zafika ngaxeshanye ngexesha lokubanda kwaye zatsala i-900 kW kuqhagamshelo lwegridi olunobukhulu be-800 kW.

Le meko ayiqhelekanga. Iirhafu zombane zorhwebo kulo lonke elaseMntla Melika, eYurophu, nase-Australia zihlala zihlawulisa i-5–20 USD nge-kW yemfuno ephezulu, elinganiswa ngaphezulu kwemizuzu eli-15 okanye engama-30. Kwindawo yokutshaja i-EV, ukudibana okuphezulu kwezithuthi ezininzi - inqwelo yokuhambisa impahla ebuya ngentsimbi yesi-5 emva kwemini, okanye idepho yebhasi etshaja ubusuku bonke - kudala uhlobo olufutshane, olunamandla lomthwalo oluya kuhlawulisa iindleko zokufuna. Isikhululo sokutshaja se-BESS esikrelekrele sikhona ngokuchanekileyo ukuze sifumane ezo zibalo. Ibhetri itshaja ngexesha leefestile ezixabiso liphantsi, ezifunekayo kwaye ikhupha ngexesha lemfuno ephezulu, nto leyo enciphisa iprofayili yomthwalo wesiza kwimitha.

Impendulo yemfuno yongeza le ngqiqo ukusuka kwindawo enye ukuya kwigridi iyonke. Abaqhubi beenkqubo zothutho kunye nothumelo (ii-TSO) bahlawula iiasethi ezinokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa okanye ukufaka amandla xa kuyalela - ngesiqhelo i-50-300 USD nge-kW ngonyaka kwizibophelelo zomthamo, kunye neentlawulo zamandla nge-MWh nganye ezinikezelwa ngexesha leziganeko. Isikhululo sokutshaja esixhaswa yibhetri sinokuphendula umcimbi we-DR ngaphantsi komzuzwana omnye kwaye siqhubeke nokukhupha i-1-4 iiyure, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe yenye yezona asethi zisasazwayo ezisabelayo umbutho onokuthi usebenze nazo. Isixhobo esifanayo esikhonza abaqhubi senza indawo ifumane umvuzo wesibini.

Indlela iSitishi sokuTshaja seBESS esithatha inxaxheba ngayo kwiMpendulo yeMfuno

Isikhululo sokutshaja se-EV esidityaniswe nebhetri ngokusisiseko sisixhobo samandla esinee-terminal ezintathu: igalelo legridi, ugcino lwebhetri, kunye nemveliso yesithuthi. Inkqubo yolawulo lwamandla (EMS) iphakathi, igqiba ngexesha langempela apho i-kilowatt nganye ihamba khona. Uyilo lulandela uluhlu olulula.

Iimitha yegridiIngongoma yenyaniso. Lonke uphuculo lwempendulo yemfuno lujolise ekungenisweni okulinganisiweyo: injongo ayikokuba kunyuswe ukutshaja, kodwa kukunciphisa iindleko zeprofayili ehlanganisiweyo.I-inverter ye-BESS(ngesiqhelo yi-100–250 kW ngekhabhinethi, ngendlela yee-AC-DC okanye ii-DC-DC converters ezibhekisa kwicala elinye) ziguqula phakathi kwegridi ye-AC kunye nebhetri ye-DC.isitaki samandla etshaja— kwi-MIDA, i-modular 60–480 kW [isikhululo esime phantsi] (https://www.midapower.com/dc-fast-charger-station) okanye inkqubo yokwahlulahlula i-360–1680 kW — itsalwa kwibhasi ye-DC. Kwiindlela ezidityanisiweyo ze-DC, ibhetri yondla itshaja ngokuthe ngqo ngaphandle kokuguqulwa kabini, nto leyo enyusa ukusebenza kakuhle kokujikeleza ukuya kuthi ga kwi-92–95%.

I-EMS iqhuba icebo le-DR isebenzisa isitaki solawulo esineeleya ezine:

1. Uqikelelo lomthwalo wendawoI-EMS ifunda iipateni zokutshaja ngeyure yosuku, usuku lweveki, kunye nexesha lonyaka, iqikelela iiyure ezilandelayo ezingama-24–48 zomthwalo. 2.Ixabiso kunye nokufakwa kwesignali: iishedyuli zerhafu, izaziso zeziganeko ze-DR eziluncedo, kunye namaxabiso emarike afika ngexesha langempela ngeeprotokholi ezifana ne-OpenADR, i-Modbus, okanye i-DNP3. 3.Injini yokwenza ngcono: inkqubo yokwenza ngcono inani elidibeneyo ixazulula ishedyuli yokutshaja/yokukhupha ibhetri enciphisa iindleko zizonke ngelixa ihlonipha ukubaluleka kwetshaja, imida ye-SOC yebhetri, kunye nemida yoqhagamshelo lwegridi. 4.Ukuphunyezwa: ishedyuli ithunyelwa kwi-inverter ye-BESS kwaye idluliselwe kwiitshaja nge-OCPP, icinezela okanye inyuse amandla ngeseshoni nganye njengoko kufuneka.

I-EMS elungisiweyo kakuhle iya kugcina imfuno elinganisiweyo ikwisilingi esithambileyo (umz., i-80% yomthamo woqhagamshelo) ngamaxesha onke, igcinele indawo yokusebenzela imicimbi ye-DR apho umbane ucela ukuncitshiswa okuqinileyo.

Amaqhinga Okuphucula Izinto Eziphambili Ezizisa Ukonga Okulinganiselweyo

Amaqhinga amane enza incwadi yokudlala yempendulo yemfuno yezikhululo zokutshaja ze-BESS ezikrelekrele. Ziyahambelana, kwaye abaqhubi abavuthiweyo baqhuba zonke ezine ngaxeshanye.

Ukucheba i-peak yeyona ndawo yokuqala kuba ayifuni zivumelwano zangaphandle kwaye inika ukonga ukusukela ngomhla wokuqala. Ulawulo lomthwalo oluguquguqukayo lolona phuculo luphezulu: ii-MIDA's [iitshaja ze-smart EV DC] (https://www.midapower.com/smart-ev-dc-charger-150kw-180kw-200kw-240kw-300kw-360kw-420kw-fast-charging-station-floor-standing-dc-pile-product/) kwi-throttle output ye-150–420 kW range ngeseshoni nge-OCPP, ngoko ke umsebenzisi unokufaka iitshaja ezimbini kwi-120 kW nganye yomthamo wegridi endaweni yenye. Ulawulo lwefrikhwensi yinkonzo yeprimiyamu; yenza imali ngesantya sebhetri, kodwa ifuna ukuba isikhululo sinikwe isivumelwano ne-TSO okanye i-aggregator.

Isitaki Solawulo Esenza Impendulo Yemfuno Ibe nokwenzeka

Ibhetri ebonakalayo kunye neetshaja ziyingxenye yenkqubo kuphela. Impendulo yemfuno ngumdlalo wedatha, kwaye i-protocol stack imisela ukuba zeziphi iinkqubo ezinokudityaniswa nesitishi.

Abaqhubi kufuneka bagxininise inkxaso ye-OCPP 2.0.1 kwizixhobo ezitsha: yongeza ukhuseleko (i-TLS, uhlaziyo lwe-firmware olusayiniweyo) kunye nezinto zokuqala zokutshaja ezikrelekrele ezingenanto i-OCPP 1.6J. I-ISO 15118-20 ngumgangatho wemoto oguqula i-V2G ukusuka kwidemo yelebhu ibe yinkonzo yegridi; iphatha ukudluliselwa kwamandla okubhekisa kwicala elinye, ukuqinisekiswa okusekelwe kwisatifikethi, kunye nokucwangciswa kwamandla ngexesha langempela phakathi kwetshaja kunye nemoto. Kwi-utility interface, i-OpenADR 2.0b ngumgangatho oqhelekileyo wemicimbi ye-DR, ngelixa i-DNP3/IEC 61850 ibalulekile kwiindawo ezifuna ukuthengisa ummiselo wamaza ngokuthe ngqo kwi-TSO.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwe [Imodyuli yokutshaja ye-V2G](https://www.midapower.com/30kw-40kw-v2g-charging-module-bidirectional-ac-dc-converter-product/) ibe yindawo eguqula imoto ngokwayo ibe yibhetri esasazekileyo. Iimodyuli ze-MIDA ezingama-30 kW/40 kW ezibhekisa kwicala elinye kunye neemodyuli ze-15 kW/20 kW ze-DC-DC V2G zivumela indawo yokugcina izithuthi ukuba zihlanganise izithuthi ezininzi zibe yidama lokugcina elibonakalayo elingu-1–2 MW — umthamo othatha inxaxheba kwi-DR ngaphandle kwezixhobo zebhetri ezongezelelweyo.

Imephu yoPhumezo: Ukusuka kwiNgxaki ye-Invoyisi ukuya kwiNgeniso ye-DR

Ulandelelwano olunezinyathelo ezintlanu lususa indawo ukusuka kwi-passive billing ukuya kwi-active grid partician partication:

1. Hlola iprofayili yomthwalo.Tsala idatha yesithuba semizuzu eli-15 yeenyanga ezili-12 kwimitha yombane. Chonga iziganeko ezili-10 eziphambili, ubude bazo, kunye nomqhubi wazo (ukufika kweenqwelo-moya, imozulu ebandayo, iziganeko). 2.Yenza ubungakanani obuchanekileyo bebhetri.Kwindawo yokutshaja eyi-120–480 kW, ibhanki yebhetri eyi-200–500 kWh (malunga namandla okutshaja ayi-0.5–1× kwi-kWh) igubungela i-90% yeemfuno zokucheba ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Izitishi ze-MIDA ze-modular BESS — ukusuka kwi-120 kWh/60 kW ukuya kwi-[482 kWh/320 kW configurations] (https://www.midapower.com/320kw-482kwh-bess-charger-mobile-ev-charging-station-energy-storage-system-product/) — zivumela ukuba kongezwe amandla kwiibhloko ezisemgangathweni. 3.Sebenzisa i-EMS kwaye uqhagamshele iitshaja nge-OCPP.Lungiselela ulawulo lomthwalo olutshintshayo ngaphambi kokuchukumisa iinkqubo ze-DR; yiyo yodwa enokuphinda kabini ukusetyenziswa komthamo wendawo. 4.Joyina iinkqubo ze-DR zomthamo kunye namandla.Qala ngeziganeko ze-DR eziluncedo (i-OpenADR), uze uye kwiimarike ezincedisayo ze-TSO ukuba imithetho yendawo ivumela ukuthatha inxaxheba kwisitoreji. 5.Yongeza i-V2G kunye nokuhlanganiswa.Isivumelwano nomqokeleli wokudibanisa indawo kunye nezinye izinto, ukuvula ulawulo lweefrikhwensi kunye neentlawulo zemarike yomthamo.

Oku kuthetha ukuthini kwityala lakho leshishini

Uqoqosho lwempendulo yemfuno lumahluko phakathi kwendawo yokutshaja engaphumeleli kangako kunye neyo evelisa imbuyekezo yomgangatho weziseko. Cinga ngesikhululo sokutshaja se-BESS esingama-320 kW esine-482 kWh yokugcina esikhonza ihabhu yendlela enkulu. Iindleko zemfuno zehla malunga nama-30%, zigcina i-18,000–30,000 USD ngonyaka kwiirhafu eziqhelekileyo zorhwebo. I-TOU arbitrage yongeza enye i-8,000–15,000 USD ngonyaka. Ikhontrakthi ye-DR yomthamo inegalelo kwi-6,000–12,000 USD ngonyaka, kwaye ummiselo wefrikhwensi wongeza i-10,000–25,000 USD ukuba imakethi ye-TSO ivuliwe. Iinzuzo zonyaka ezidibeneyo ze-40,000–80,000 USD ngokuchasene neprimiyamu ye-BESS emalunga ne-150,000–250,000 USD ibeka imbuyekezo kwiminyaka emi-3–6 — ngaphambi kokuba kubalwe iindleko ezithintelweyo zokuphucula uqhagamshelo lwegridi, ezithi kwiindawo ezininzi zeendlela zidlule ixabiso lebhetri ngokupheleleyo.

Iindawo eziphumelela umdlalo wempendulo yemfuno zezo ziphatha ibhetri njenge-asethi yegridi endaweni yesixhobo sokutshaja. Yonke i-kilowatt yokugcina kufuneka ibe neshedyuli yokuthunyelwa, isivumelwano sengeniso, kunye nesiphumo esilinganisiweyo. Ngoyilo lwemodyuli kunye nolawulo lwendalo lwe-OCPP/ISO 15118 olufumanekayo namhlanje, akukho mqobo wobuchwephesha oseleyo phakathi kwendawo yokutshaja kunye neemarike zokuguquguquka.

FAQ

1. Ithini impendulo yemfuno kwisikhululo sokutshaja seBESS?Impendulo yemfuno yindlela yokunciphisa okanye yokutshintsha ukusetyenziswa kwegridi yesiza — okanye ukufaka amandla agciniweyo — ngenxa yezibonakaliso zamaxabiso, imicimbi ye-DR yokusetyenziswa, okanye iifowuni zokulawula igridi rhoqo, kusetyenziswa ibhetri yesikhululo kunye neenkqubo zolawulo ezikrelekrele.

2. Ingakanani impendulo yemfuno enokunciphisa iindleko zombane kwindawo yam yokutshaja?Abaqhubi badla ngokunciphisa iindleko zemfuno ngama-20–40% kunye neendleko zamandla ngama-10–30% ngokutshintshela umthwalo, kunye nokonga okudibeneyo kwama-40,000–80,000 USD ngonyaka okunokufezekiswa kwiindawo zeklasi ezingama-300 kW.

3. Ngaba abaqhubi bayaqaphela xa isikhululo sithatha inxaxheba kwimpendulo yesidingo?Hayi. I-EMS inyusa okanye inyusa ukutshaja ngaphakathi kwemida yamandla ekhokhelwe yiseshoni nganye, kwaye ukukhupha ibhetri kugubungela umsantsa. Abaqhubi babona isantya sokutshaja kunye namaxesha eseshoni afanayo.

4. Yintoni umahluko phakathi kokucheba i-peak kunye nokushenxiswa komthwalo?Ukucheba i-peak sheaving kunciphisa imfuno ephezulu elinganisiweyo yesiza ngokukhupha ibhetri ngexesha lexesha eliphakathi, ngelixa ukusheba umthwalo kususa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ukusuka kwiiyure ezibizayo ngexesha eliphakathi ukuya kwiiyure eziphantsi ngexesha eliphakathi. Ukucheba i-peak sheaving kujonga intlawulo yemfuno; ukusheba umthwalo kujonga isantya samandla.

5. Ngaba isikhululo sam seBESS sifuna iinkqubo ezikhethekileyo ukuze sijoyine iinkqubo ze-DR eziluncedo?Ewe. I-OpenADR 2.0b yemicimbi ye-DR eluncedo, i-OCPP 2.0.1 yokulawula itshaja, kunye ne-ISO 15118 ye-V2G yimigangatho ebalulekileyo. Izixhobo ezindala ze-OCPP 1.6J zisenokuthatha inxaxheba nge-EMS kodwa zineempawu ezimbalwa.

6. Ngaba iibhetri zesithuthi zingayitshintsha i-BESS ekwindawo ukuze kuphendulwe imfuno?Ngokuyinxenye. Izithuthi ezinomthamo we-V2G zinokufaka amandla angama-50–150 kW oguquguqukayo kwinqwelo nganye encinci, kodwa i-BESS ekwindawo isabalulekile kwimpendulo eqinisekisiweyo nehlala ikhona — izithuthi zipakishwa ngendlela engalindelekanga, iibhetri azipakishwa.

7. Lingakanani ixesha lokuhlawula i-BESS kwindawo yokutshaja i-EV ngokulungiswa kwe-DR?Njengoko zonke iileya ezine zokulungisa zisebenza, imbuyekezo idla ngokuba phakathi kweminyaka emi-3 ukuya kwemi-6; iisayithi eziphepha ukuphuculwa konxibelelwano lwegridi zinokubona imbuyekezo kwisithuba seminyaka emi-3.