Imbunda ya CCS1 Plug Vs CCS2: Itandukaniro mu bipimo ngenderwaho byo gushyushya amashanyarazi

Imbunda ya CCS1 Plug Vs CCS2: Itandukaniro mu bipimo ngenderwaho byo gushyushya amashanyarazi

Niba ufite imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi (EV), ushobora kuba uzi akamaro ko gushyushya. Imwe mu ngingo zikoreshwa cyane ni Sisitemu yo Gushyushya Imodoka (CCS), itanga uburyo bwo gushyushya bwa AC na DC kuri EV. Ariko, hari verisiyo ebyiri za CCS: CCS1 na CCS2. Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati y’izi ngingo ebyiri zo gushyushya bishobora kugufasha gufata ibyemezo birambuye ku bijyanye n’uburyo bwo gushyushya no kwemeza ko ufite uburyo bwo gushyushya bwiza kandi bworoshye bujyanye n’ibyo ukeneye.

CCS1 na CCS2 byombi byagenewe gutanga uburyo bwo kwishyuza bwizewe kandi bunoze ku ba nyiri amashanyarazi. Ariko, buri gipimo gifite imiterere yacyo yihariye, protocole, kandi gihuye n'ubwoko butandukanye bwa EV n'imiyoboro yo kwishyuza.

Muri iyi nkuru, turasuzuma imiterere ya CCS1 na CCS2, harimo imiterere yabyo ifatika, imbaraga ntarengwa zo gusharija, no guhuza na sitasiyo zo gusharija. Tuzareba kandi umuvuduko wo gusharija n'imikorere myiza, ikiguzi, ndetse n'ejo hazaza h'amahame yo gusharija ya EV.

Mu mpera z'iyi nkuru, uzaba umaze gusobanukirwa neza CCS1 na CCS2 kandi uzaba ufite ubushobozi bwo gufata ibyemezo birambuye ku bijyanye n'uburyo bwo kwishyuza.

Ingingo z'ingenzi: CCS1 vs. CCS2
CCS1 na CCS2 byombi ni ibipimo ngenderwaho byo gusharija vuba bya DC bisangiye imiterere imwe ku migozi ya DC na protocole z'itumanaho.
CCS1 niyo porogaramu ikoreshwa mu gusharija vuba muri Amerika ya Ruguru, mu gihe CCS2 ari yo ikoreshwa mu Burayi.
CCS2 iri kuba ikoreshwa cyane mu Burayi kandi ijyanye n'imodoka nyinshi zo mu bwoko bwa EV ku isoko.
Umuyoboro wa Tesla wa Supercharger wakoreshaga plug yihariye, ariko mu 2018 batangiye gukoresha CCS2 mu Burayi kandi batangaje ko plug yihariye ya CCS kuri Tesla.
Iterambere ry'Amahame yo Gusharija Imodoka za Moshi
Ushobora kuba usanzwe uzi ibipimo bitandukanye by’imiyoboro ya EV charger hamwe n’ubwoko bw’imiyoboro ya charger, ariko uzi iterambere ry’ibi bipimo, harimo n’iterambere rikomeje ry’ibipimo bya CCS1 na CCS2 byo gusharija byihuse bya DC?

Uburyo bwa CCS (Combined Charging System) bwashyizweho mu 2012 mu rwego rwo guhuza AC na DC charger mu buryo bumwe, byorohereza abashoferi ba EV kubona imiyoboro itandukanye yo charger. Verisiyo ya mbere ya CCS, izwi kandi nka CCS1, yakozwe kugira ngo ikoreshwe muri Amerika ya Ruguru kandi ikoresha SAE J1772 connector mu charger ya AC n'izindi pin zo charger za DC.

Uko ikoreshwa rya EV ryakomeje kwiyongera ku isi, ni ko amahame ya CCS yahindutse kugira ngo ahuze n'ibyo amasoko atandukanye akeneye. Verisiyo iheruka, izwi nka CCS2, yashyizwe ahagaragara mu Burayi kandi ikoresha ubwoko bwa 2 bwo gushyushya AC n'izindi pini zo gushyushya DC.

CCS2 yabaye ihame rikuru mu Burayi, aho abakora imodoka benshi bayikoresheje mu modoka zabo za EV. Tesla nayo yemeye iri tegeko, yongeraho imiyoboro yo gushyushya CCS2 kuri Model 3 zabo zo mu Burayi mu 2018 ndetse inatanga adaptateri yo gukoresha plug yabo ya Supercharger.

Uko ikoranabuhanga rya EV rikomeza gutera imbere, birashoboka ko tuzabona iterambere rirambuye mu bijyanye no gushyushya no mu bwoko bw'amakuru ahuza amashanyarazi, ariko kugeza ubu, CCS1 na CCS2 ni byo bikoreshwa cyane mu gushyushya vuba DC.

CCS1 ni iki?
CCS1 ni plagi isanzwe yo gusharija ikoreshwa muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru ku modoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, ifite igishushanyo mbonera kirimo imigozi ya DC na protocole z'itumanaho. Irahuye na EV nyinshi ku isoko, usibye Tesla na Nissan Leaf, zikoresha plagi zihariye. Plagi ya CCS1 ishobora gutanga hagati ya 50 kW na 350 kW z'ingufu za DC, bigatuma ikwiriye gusharija byihuse.

Kugira ngo dusobanukirwe neza itandukaniro riri hagati ya CCS1 na CCS2, reka turebe imbonerahamwe ikurikira:

Nkuko mubibona, CCS1 na CCS2 bihuriye ku bintu byinshi bisa mu bijyanye n'ingufu za DC, itumanaho, n'ingufu za AC (nubwo CCS2 ishobora gutanga ingufu nyinshi za AC mu kwishyuza ku giti cyayo no mu ruhame). Itandukaniro rikomeye hagati y'ibi byombi ni imiterere y'aho binjirira, aho CCS2 ihuza aho binjirira muri AC na DC mu buryo bumwe. Ibi bituma plug ya CCS2 yoroha kandi yoroshye kuyikoresha ku bashoferi ba EV.

Itandukaniro ryoroshye ni uko CCS1 ari yo plug isanzwe yo gusharija ikoreshwa muri Amerika ya Ruguru, CCS2 ni yo isanzwe ikoreshwa cyane mu Burayi. Ariko, plug zombi zihuye na EV nyinshi ku isoko kandi zishobora gutanga umuvuduko wo gusharija vuba. Kandi hariho adaptateri nyinshi zihari. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ukumenya icyo ukeneye n'uburyo bwo gusharija uteganya gukoresha mu gace utuyemo.

CCS2 ni iki?
Igikoresho cyo gushyushya cya CCS2 ni verisiyo nshya ya CCS1 kandi ni cyo gikoresho gikunzwe cyane n’abakora imodoka bo mu Burayi no muri Amerika. Gifite imiterere y’aho gihurizwa hamwe ituma byoroha kandi byoroshye gukoresha ku bashoferi ba EV. Igikoresho cyo gushyushya cya CCS2 gihuza aho gihurizwa hamwe ho gushyushya AC na DC, bigatuma habaho aho gushyushya AC hato ugereranije na aho gushyushya CHAdeMO cyangwa GB/T DC hamwe n’aho gushyushya AC.

CCS1 na CCS2 bisangiye imiterere ya DC pin ndetse na protocole z'itumanaho. Abakora bashobora guhindura igice cya AC plug na Type 1 muri Amerika ndetse no mu Buyapani, cyangwa Type 2 bakayihindura andi masoko. CCS ikoresha Power Line Communication

(PLC) nk'uburyo bwo gutumanaho n'imodoka, ari nabwo buryo bumwe bukoreshwa mu gutumanaho ku miyoboro y'amashanyarazi. Ibi bituma byorohera imodoka kuvugana n'imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi nk'igikoresho cy'ubwenge.

Itandukaniro mu miterere y'umuhuza ufatika

Niba ushaka plug yo gusharija ihuza AC na DC mu buryo bumwe bworoshye bwo kwinjira, noneho connector ya CCS2 ishobora kuba inzira nziza. Imiterere nyayo y'connector ya CCS2 ifite soketi nto yo gusharija ugereranije na soketi ya CHAdeMO cyangwa GB/T DC, hamwe na soketi ya AC. Iyi miterere ituma habaho uburyo bwo gusharija buto kandi bworoshye.

Dore itandukaniro ry'ingenzi mu miterere y'ibihuza hagati ya CCS1 na CCS2:

1. CCS2 ifite protocole y'itumanaho nini kandi ikomeye, ituma habaho kohereza ingufu nyinshi no gusharija neza.
2. CCS2 ifite imiterere ikonjeshejwe n'amazi ituma umuntu abasha gusharija vuba adakoresheje insinga yo gusharija cyane.
3. CCS2 ifite uburyo bwo gufunga bwizewe cyane butuma idahagarika ikoranabuhanga mu gihe cyo gusharija.
4. CCS2 ishobora kwakira AC na DC charger mu muyoboro umwe, mu gihe CCS1 isaba connector yihariye yo charger ya AC.

Muri rusange, imiterere y’umuhuza wa CCS2 itanga uburyo bwo gusharija bunoze kandi bworoshye ku batunze amashanyarazi. Uko abakora imodoka benshi bakurikiza amahame ya CCS2, birashoboka ko uyu muhuza uzaba igipimo cy’ingenzi cyo gusharija amashanyarazi ya EV mu gihe kizaza.

Itandukaniro mu mbaraga ntarengwa zo gusharija

Ushobora kugabanya cyane igihe cyo gushyushya imodoka yawe ya EV usobanukiwe itandukaniro ry'imbaraga ntarengwa zo gushyushya hagati y'ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibihuza. Ibihuza bya CCS1 na CCS2 bishobora gutanga hagati ya 50 kW na 350 kW by'ingufu za DC, ibi bikaba ari byo bikoreshwa cyane mu gushyushya imodoka zo mu Burayi no muri Amerika, harimo na Tesla. Imbaraga ntarengwa zo gushyushya izi mashini ziterwa n'ubushobozi bwa bateri y'imodoka n'ubushobozi bwa sitasiyo yo gushyushya.

Mu buryo bunyuranye, umuhuza wa CHAdeMO ushobora gutanga ingufu zigera kuri kW 200, ariko urimo urashyirwa mu bikorwa buhoro buhoro mu Burayi. Ubushinwa burimo gutegura verisiyo nshya ya CHAdeMO ishobora gutanga ingufu zigera kuri kW 900, kandi verisiyo iheruka ya CHAdeMO, ChaoJi, ituma DC ikoresha amashanyarazi arenga kW 500. ChaoJi ishobora guhangana na CCS2 nk'ihame rikomeye mu gihe kizaza, cyane cyane ko Ubuhinde na Koreya y'Epfo byagaragaje ko bishishikajwe cyane n'ikoranabuhanga.

Muri make, gusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati y’imbaraga ntarengwa zo gusharija hagati y’ubwoko butandukanye bw’amakuru ahuza ni ingenzi kugira ngo imodoka yawe ikoreshwe neza. Amakuru ahuza CCS1 na CCS2 atanga umuvuduko wo gusharija wihuta cyane, mu gihe umuhuza wa CHAdeMO urimo kugenda uvaho buhoro buhoro kugira ngo habeho ikoranabuhanga rishya nka ChaoJi. Uko ikoranabuhanga rya EV rikomeza gutera imbere, ni ngombwa gukomeza kumenya ibigezweho ku bipimo bigezweho byo gusharija n’ikoranabuhanga rihuza kugira ngo umenye neza ko imodoka yawe isharija vuba kandi neza uko bishoboka kose.

Ni iyihe gahunda yo gushyushya ikoreshwa muri Amerika ya Ruguru?

Kumenya uburyo bwo gushyushya bukoreshwa muri Amerika ya Ruguru bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku bunararibonye bwawe mu gushyushya imodoka za EV no ku mikorere myiza. Uburyo bwo gushyushya bukoreshwa muri Amerika ya Ruguru ni CCS1, kimwe n'uburyo bwo gushyushya imodoka za CCS2 zo mu Burayi ariko bufite ubwoko butandukanye bw'imashini zihuza imodoka. CCS1 ikoreshwa n'inganda nyinshi z'imodoka zo muri Amerika, harimo Ford, GM, na Volkswagen. Ariko, Tesla na Nissan Leaf bakoresha uburyo bwabo bwite bwo gushyushya imodoka.

CCS1 itanga imbaraga ntarengwa zo gusharija zigera kuri 350 kW, bikaba byihuta cyane kurusha gusharija Urwego rwa 1 n'Urwego rwa 2. Ukoresheje CCS1, ushobora gusharija EV yawe kuva kuri 0% kugeza kuri 80% mu minota 30 gusa. Ariko, si ahantu hose ho gusharija hashobora gusharija 350 kW, bityo ni ngombwa gusuzuma ibisabwa na station yo gusharija mbere yo kuyikoresha.

Niba ufite amashanyarazi akoresha CCS1, ushobora kubona byoroshye sitasiyo zo gusharija ukoresheje sisitemu zitandukanye zo kuyobora na porogaramu nka Google Maps, PlugShare, na ChargePoint. Sitasiyo nyinshi zo gusharija nazo zitanga amakuru mashya mu gihe nyacyo, bityo ushobora kureba niba sitasiyo ihari mbere yuko uhagera. Kubera ko CCS1 ari yo ikoreshwa cyane mu gushyushya muri Amerika ya Ruguru, ushobora kugira amahoro yo mu mutima uzi ko uzashobora kubona sitasiyo yo gusharija ijyanye n'aho ugiye hose.

Ni iyihe gahunda yo gushyushya ikoreshwa mu Burayi?

Itegure kunyura mu Burayi ukoresheje amashanyarazi yawe kuko uburyo bwo gusharija bukoreshwa ku mugabane ni bwo buzagena ubwoko bw'umuhuza n'ahantu ho gusharija uzakenera gushaka. Mu Burayi, Sisitemu yo gusharija ya CCS (Combined Charging System - CCS) Type 2 ni yo muhuza ikunzwe cyane n'abakora imodoka benshi.

Niba uteganya gutwara imodoka yawe ya EV mu Burayi, menya neza ko ifite umuyoboro wa CCS Type 2. Ibi bizatuma ihuzwa na sitasiyo nyinshi zo gushyushya kuri uyu mugabane. Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati ya CCS1 na CCS2 nabyo bizagufasha, kuko ushobora guhura n'ubwoko bwombi bwa sitasiyo zo gushyushya mu ngendo zawe.

Ihuzwa na sitasiyo zo gusharija

Niba uri umushoferi wa EV, ni ngombwa kumenya neza ko imodoka yawe ijyanye n'aho amashanyarazi ashyirwa mu gace utuyemo ndetse no mu nzira uteganya.

Nubwo CCS1 na CCS2 bisangiye imiterere ya DC pin ndetse na protocole z'itumanaho, ntabwo zishobora guhindurwa. Niba EV yawe ifite connector ya CCS1, ntabwo izashobora gushyushya kuri sitasiyo yo gushyushya ya CCS2, kandi ibinyuranye n'ibyo.

Ariko, hari ubwoko bwinshi bushya bwa EV burimo bugizwe n'ibihuza bya CCS1 na CCS2, ibyo bikaba bituma habaho uburyo bworoshye bwo guhitamo aho gusharija. Byongeye kandi, hari ahantu hashya hakoreshwa amashanyarazi harimo kuvugururwa kugira ngo habeho ibihuza bya CCS1 na CCS2, bizatuma abashoferi benshi ba EV babona uburyo bwo gusharija byihuse.

Ni ngombwa gukora ubushakashatsi mbere yo gutangira urugendo rurerure kugira ngo umenye neza ko aho ushyira chargeur ku nzira yawe hahuye n'aho chargeur ya EV yawe ihurira.

Muri rusange, uko moderi nyinshi za EV zigenda zizamuka ku isoko kandi hakaba hakubakwa sitasiyo nyinshi zo gusharija, birashoboka ko ubwuzuzanye hagati y’ibipimo ngenderwaho byo gusharija butazaba ikibazo gikomeye. Ariko kuri ubu, ni ngombwa kumenya uburyo butandukanye bwo gusharija no kwemeza ko EV yawe ifite ikwiye kugira ngo igere kuri sitasiyo zo gusharija mu gace utuyemo.

Umuvuduko wo Gushaja no Gukora neza

Noneho ko umaze gusobanukirwa uburyo CCS1 na CCS2 bihura n’ahantu hatandukanye ho gushyushya, reka tuvuge ku muvuduko wo gushyushya n’ubushobozi. Igipimo cya CCS gishobora gutanga umuvuduko wo gushyushya uri hagati ya 50 kW na 350 kW, bitewe na sitasiyo n’imodoka. CCS1 na CCS2 bisangiye imiterere imwe ku miyoboro ya DC na protocole z’itumanaho, bigatuma byorohera abakora guhinduranya hagati yabo. Ariko, CCS2 irimo kuba igipimo gikuru mu Burayi bitewe n’ubushobozi bwayo bwo gutanga umuvuduko wo gushyushya uri hejuru kurusha CCS1.

Kugira ngo dusobanukirwe neza umuvuduko wo gushyushya hamwe n'ubushobozi bw'ibipimo bitandukanye byo gushyushya amashanyarazi, reka turebe imbonerahamwe iri hepfo:

Nkuko mubibona, CCS2 irashobora gutanga umuvuduko wo hejuru wo gusharija, hagakurikiraho CHAdeMO hanyuma CCS1. Ariko, ni ngombwa kumenya ko umuvuduko wo gusharija uterwa n'ubushobozi bwa bateri y'imodoka n'ubushobozi bwo gusharija. Byongeye kandi, ibi bipimo byose bifite urwego rumwe rw'imikorere, bivuze ko bihindura ingufu zingana zituruka ku muyoboro w'amashanyarazi zikaba ingufu zikoreshwa ku modoka.

Wibuke ko umuvuduko wo gusharija uterwa n'ubushobozi bw'imodoka n'ubushobozi bwa batiri, bityo ni byiza buri gihe gusuzuma ibisabwa n'uwayikoze mbere yo kuyisharija.