Njira Zoyendetsera Mphamvu Mwanzeru pa Malo Amakono a BESS

Yankho Lachangu

Malo osungira mphamvu zamagetsi amakono (BESS) amayendetsa bwino kapena kulephera pa njira yake yoyendetsera mphamvu, osati zida zake. Kuyang'anira mphamvu mwanzeru kumagwiritsa ntchito njira yoyendetsera mphamvu (EMS) pamalo kuti nthawi zonse isankhe nthawi yoti ijambule batri, momwe ingagawire mphamvu pakati pa ma charger, komanso nthawi yoti itulutse mphamvu kuti ichepe kwambiri, kusuntha katundu, kapena kuyankha kwa demand. Njira zitatu zomwe zili ndi mphamvu yoyezeka kwambiri ndi kugawa kwa peak-shaving, dynamic charger power cap kudzera mu OCPP 2.0.1, ndi ndondomeko yokhazikika pamitengo yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito kufalikira kwa mitengo. Akagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi, amachepetsa mtengo wamagetsi pamalo ndi 20–40%, amateteza ma charger ku malire a grid, ndikupanga ndalama zatsopano kuchokera ku mapulogalamu ogwiritsira ntchito. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza za EMS hierarchy, njira zazikulu, ndi ma protocol omwe amapangitsa kuti automation ikhale yodalirika pa hub scale.

Mfundo Zofunika Kwambiri

• EMS ndi ubongo wowongolera womwe umalumikiza batri, ma charger, ma PV, ndi mitengo ya gridi kukhala vuto limodzi lokonzanso.
• Kumeta tsitsi la peak ndiyo njira yofunika kwambiri: kutseka nthawi yofunikira kwa mphindi 15 kumachotsa chinthu chachikulu kwambiri chomwe chili pamtengo wotsika.
• Kuwongolera katundu wosinthika (DLM) kumalola kulumikizana kwa gridi yocheperako kuti itumikire ma charger akuluakulu.
• Kukonza nthawi yogulira zinthu pogwiritsa ntchito mitengo komanso momwe zinthu zimayendera zimasinthira malo osungiramo zinthu kukhala chuma cha ndalama, osati chida chongopewera ndalama zokha.
• OCPP 2.0.1, ISO 15118, ndi IEC 61851 kugwirizana ndi zinthu zina ndi maziko osakambirana a ulamuliro wodziyimira pawokha.

Chomwe Chimapangitsa Malo Ochapira Zinthu Kukhala “Anzeru” Masiku Ano

Zaka khumi zapitazo, malo ochapira magalimoto a EV anali gulu la ma charger olumikizidwa ku mita. Chaja iliyonse inkagwirizana ndi mphamvu ya galimotoyo payokha, malowo ankatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji, ndipo woyendetsa galimotoyo ankakonzanso kuwonongekako kumapeto kwa mwezi. BESS hub yanzeru ndi yosiyana kapangidwe kake: mphamvu iliyonse imayesedwa, chisankho chilichonse chimakonzedwa bwino, ndipo malowo amachita ngati chinthu chimodzi chowongolera.

Mphamvu zazikulu za smart hub ndi izi:

1. Muyeso wa nthawi yeniyenikuchuluka kwa katundu wa malo, momwe batire ilili (SoC), mphamvu ya chojambulira, ndi—ngati kuli koyenera—kupanga PV. 2.Kuneneratu zamtsogolokufunika kwa magalimoto, mphamvu ya dzuwa, ndi mawindo amitengo. 3.Kukonza bwinozomwe zimathetsa mavuto a ndalama zotsika mtengo kapena ndalama zambiri mkati mwa zoletsa zakuthupi ndi za mgwirizano.Kuphedwayomwe imatumiza zizindikiro zowongolera ku ma charger, ma PCS a batri, ndi malo olumikizirana a gridi. 5.Kutsatira malamulondi mapangano olumikizirana ndi gridi, malamulo oyezera, ndi zofunikira pachitetezo cha pa intaneti.

Malo opanda mphamvu zimenezi ndi malo akuluakulu ochapira. Ndi iwo, amakhala chuma chamagetsi chomwe wogwiritsa ntchito amatha kulonjeza kampaniyi kuti idzapereka katundu wake mosasinthasintha.

Utsogoleri wa EMS: Woyang'anira Malo, Netiweki Yogulitsira, Mphepete mwa Gridi

Kuyang'anira mphamvu mwanzeru kumagwira ntchito m'magawo atatu okhala ndi denga, ndipo njira zabwino kwambiri zimasunga zonse zitatu mogwirizana:

Gawo 1 — Woyang'anira malo (EMS).EMS ndiye wopanga zisankho. Imalandira deta yamitengo, magawo a thanzi la batri, momwe ma charger alili, ndi zomwe zikubwera, kenako imafalitsa dongosolo lotumizira: malo okhazikitsa ma charge/discharge a batri, malire a mphamvu ya pa charger, ndi zolinga zotumizira kunja. Mapulatifomu a EMS amalonda amakonzanso dongosololi mphindi iliyonse 1-15, kutengera kusakhazikika kwa msika.

Gawo 2 — Netiweki yochaja.Ma charger amachita dongosololi kudzera mu OCPP. Mu OCPP 2.0.1, EMS imatha kukhazikitsa malire amphamvu pa nthawi iliyonse yochaja, ndikuchepetsa nthawi iliyonse kuti malowo asapitirire malire ake. Iyi ndi njira yomwe imasintha kulumikizana kwa 500 kVA kukhala hub yokhoza 960 kW: ma charger amagwira ntchito mokwanira batire ikatuluka, ndipo amachepa ngati sakutuluka.

Gawo 3 - Mphepete mwa gridi.Malo olumikizirana amalemba deta ya mita ndipo, mu mapulogalamu anzeru a gridi, amalandira zizindikiro zakunja—zochitika zoyankhira kufunikira, malonda a kuchuluka kwa magetsi, kapena mitengo ya nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito. EMS imaona izi ngati zoletsa kapena zolowetsa mitengo pakukonza kwake.

Njira yopewera kulephera ndi kulamulira kosasunthika: ngati batire ikuyang'aniridwa ndi wogulitsa m'modzi, ma charger ndi wina, ndipo PV ndi wachitatu, palibe chowongolera chimodzi chomwe chilipo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake nsanja zolumikizidwa za [BESS charging station](https://www.midapower.com/bess-charging-station/)—kumene EMS imatumiza ndi batire ndi ma charger—nthawi zonse zimapereka zotsatira zabwino kuposa ma stack abwino kwambiri omwe amamangiriridwa pamodzi pamalopo.

Kusamalira Katundu: Kumeta Pamwamba ndi Kusuntha Katundu

Njira ziwiri zogwirira ntchito zoyendetsera mphamvu za BESS hub ndi kumeta tsitsi mopitirira muyeso ndi kusuntha katundu. Nthawi zambiri zimasokonezeka, koma zimayang'ana kwambiri zigawo zosiyanasiyana zamitengo.

Kumeta tsitsi mopitirira muyesoZimatha kuletsa kufunikira kwa gridi kwa mphindi 15 pamalopo. EMS imayang'ana nthawi yomwe kufunikira kwa gridi kumapitirira; pamene kufunikira kwa peak yomwe ikuyembekezeredwa kufika pa chivindikirocho, imatulutsa batri pa mphamvu yofunikira. Ubwino wake ndi kupewa kufunikira kwa charge—nthawi zambiri mtengo waukulu kwambiri wowongolera pa bilu yolipirira malo. Pa hub yokhala ndi peak ya 1.2 MW ndi mtengo wa $15/kW, kumeta 300 kW kumapulumutsa $54,000 pachaka.

Kusuntha katunduimayendetsa mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse. Batire imachaja nthawi yomwe si nthawi yogwira ntchito (pamene mphamvu ndi $0.03–$0.06/kWh) ndipo imachaja nthawi yomwe mphamvu imakhala yogwira ntchito (pamene mphamvu ndi $0.15–$0.30/kWh). Ubwino wake ndi kuchepetsa mtengo wa mphamvu kuphatikiza, m'misika ina, ndalama zomwe zimapezedwa ndi arbitrage.

Gome ili m'munsimu likuyerekeza njira ndi cholinga, choyambitsa chowongolera, ndi kusunga kwachizolowezi:

EMS yokonzedwa bwino imayendetsa zingapo mwa izi nthawi imodzi: kumeta peak, kusuntha katundu kudutsa mawindo a tariff, ndikuyankha zochitika za DR pamene mtengo uli woyenera.

Kuyankha kwa Kufunikira ndi V2G: Kusungirako ngati Katundu wa Gridi

Kupitilira mita, malo olumikizirana a BESS amatha kutenga nawo mbali mu ntchito za gridi zomwe zimalipira kusinthasintha. Mapulogalamu oyankha kufunikira (DR) amalipira malo kuti achepetse kugwiritsa ntchito—kapena kutumiza mphamvu—pamene gridiyo ili ndi mphamvu. BESS yamphamvu ya 240 kW yomwe imatha kutaya mphamvu kwa maola anayi imayimira pafupifupi MWh imodzi ya kusinthasintha komwe kungatumizidwe, koyenera $12,000–$36,000 pachaka m'misika yogwira ntchito ya DR.

Galimoto-ku-gridi (V2G) imafikiranso mfundo zomwezo ku magalimoto akuluakulu kapena mabasi okha. Ndi ma charger a mbali ziwiri ndi magalimoto oyendetsedwa ndi ISO 15118, malo osungiramo zinthu amatha kuphatikiza mabatire a magalimoto oimika magalimoto ngati malo opangira magetsi. Izi ndi zovuta kwambiri kuzigwiritsa ntchito—zoletsa kupezeka kwa magalimoto ziyenera kutsatiridwa—koma zimapangitsa kuti katundu wogwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika kwambiri (mabatire oimika magalimoto) akhale ndalama. Ogwira ntchito ambiri amagawa V2G pambuyo pometa kwambiri ndi DR zimatsimikiziridwa, chifukwa sizifuna mgwirizano wa magalimoto.

Kukonza Ndondomeko Yochokera ku AI ndi Kuwongolera Kuneneratu

EMS yokhazikika pa malamulo osasinthasintha—"kutulutsa kuyambira 4 koloko madzulo mpaka 9 koloko madzulo"—imasiya ndalama patebulo chifukwa katundu weniweni ndi mitengo zimasiyana tsiku ndi tsiku. Kuwongolera kolosera kumawonjezera kulosera: EMS imaneneratu kufunikira kwa kuyitanitsa mawa kuchokera ku telematics ya fleet, kutulutsa kwa dzuwa kuchokera ku data ya nyengo, ndi mtengo kuchokera ku makalendala amitengo, kenako imakonza dongosolo la batri lonse.

Kupititsa patsogolo kuphunzira kwa makina kumapita patsogolo, kuphunzira machitidwe a tsamba lililonse lawebusayiti ndikusintha mfundo zotumizira zokha. Zotsatira zomwe zingayesedwe m'malo ogwirira ntchito ndi izi:

• Kuchepetsa ndalama zowonjezera ndi 10–20%kutumiza motsatira malamulo, kuyambira nthawi yabwino ya mabatire;
• Ma batri ochepa pa kilowatt-ola iliyonse amaperekedwa, kukulitsa moyo wa kuzungulira pogwirizanitsa mphamvu yotulutsa ndi katundu weniweni;
• Kutsatira malamulo okhwima okhudza kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchitopa masiku osazolowereka (maholide, mafunde otentha, zochitika) zomwe zimaletsa kuphonya.

Pa [2 MWh 960 kW megawatt BESS charging station] (https://www.midapower.com/2mwh-960kw-bess-charging-station-megawatt-ev-charger-solar-battery-storage-system-product/), pomwe nthawi imodzi yolakwika ingawononge ndalama zambirimbiri komanso kukwera kwa kufunikira, kuwongolera kolosera si chinthu chapamwamba—ndiye muyezo wogwirira ntchito.

Kugwirizana kwa Protocol: OCPP 2.0.1 ndi ISO 15118

Njira iliyonse yanzeru yomwe yafotokozedwa pamwambapa imadalira EMS kulankhula chilankhulo chofanana ndi ma charger ndi magalimoto. Ma protocol atatu amafotokoza chilankhulocho:

• OCPP 2.0.1— muyezo wa charger-to-backend. Magwiridwe ake a SmartCharging amalola EMS kukhazikitsa malire a mphamvu pa gawo lililonse, zowongolera zogulira, ndi kasamalidwe ka chipangizo patali. Imalo mwa OCPP 1.6J ya ma hubs atsopano chifukwa cha chitetezo chabwino (TLS), kusamalira bwino zolakwika, komanso kuyatsa mwanzeru.
• ISO 15118— muyezo wa galimoto kuchokera pa charger kupita pa charger. Plug & Charge imatsimikizira galimotoyo, ndipo ndondomekoyi imanyamula batire ya galimotoyo komanso zoletsa zolipiritsa ku EMS, zomwe zimathandiza kuti nthawi zonse pakhale nthawi yabwino kwambiri m'malo mongolipiritsa pamtengo wokhazikika.
• IEC 61851— muyezo woyambira wa chizindikiro cha EVSE womwe chaja chilichonse chamakono chimagwiritsa ntchito, komanso womwe OCPP ndi ISO 15118 zimawonjezera.

Kutchula zonse zitatu panthawi yogula ndi inshuwaransi yotsika mtengo kwambiri yomwe mwiniwake wa malo oimika magalimoto angagule. Kumatsimikizira kuti [BESS for EV infrastructure](https://www.midapower.com/news/bess-for-ev-infrastructure-fast-flexible-and-grid-friendly-ultra-fast-charging-solutions/) ikhoza kuyendetsedwa ndi EMS yamakono iliyonse, ikhoza kulowa nawo mapulogalamu a DR amtsogolo, ndipo ikhoza kulandira magalimoto kuchokera ku OEM iliyonse popanda njira zosinthira ma adapter.

Mapeto

Kusamalira mphamvu mwanzeru ndi komwe kumasiyanitsa BESS hub ndi mulu wa mabatire. EMS—yokhala ndi njira yochepetsera kumeta, kasamalidwe ka katundu wosinthasintha, kukonza nthawi yodziwira mitengo, ndi njira zotseguka—imasintha malo osungira kukhala makina ochepetsera ndalama komanso opezera ndalama pamene ikusunga chojambulira chilichonse. Ogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kuika patsogolo nsanja yolumikizidwa kuposa kugula zinthu, kuyika muyezo pa OCPP 2.0.1 ndi ISO 15118, ndikuyamba ndi kumeta kwambiri musanayike mu arbitrage, DR, ndipo pamapeto pake V2G. Njira yogwiritsira ntchito ndi yotsimikizika, yoyezeka, komanso yosiyana kwambiri pakati pa malo ochapira omwe amapulumuka malo ake olipira ndi omwe amakula bwino.

FAQ

1. Kodi EMS imachita chiyani kwenikweni mu malo ochapira a BESS?Bungwe la EMS nthawi zonse limasankha nthawi yoti liyike batire, mphamvu zomwe charger iliyonse ingatenge, komanso nthawi yoti liyikemo—poganizira bwino mawindo a tariff, ma grid caps, ndi kufunika kwa magalimoto. Ndi ubongo wa pulogalamu ya hub.

2. Kodi kasamalidwe ka mphamvu mwanzeru kangapulumutse ndalama zingati pa malo ochajira?Zotsatira zake zimakhala zotsika ndi 20–40% pa mtengo wonse wa mphamvu, ndi kutsika kwa ndalama zomwe zimafunika ndi 30–50% komanso kutsika kwa ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mphamvu ndi 10–25% chifukwa cha kusuntha kwa katundu. Kusunga ndalama kumawonjezeka ndi kuchuluka kwa tariff.

3. Kodi kusiyana pakati pa kumeta tsitsi molunjika ndi kusuntha katundu ndi kotani?Kumeta kwa peak kumaphimba kukwera kwa gridi kwa mphindi 15 kwambiri kuti kuchepetse kufunikira kwa ndalama; kusuntha kwa katundu kumasuntha kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ku mawindo otsika mtengo kuti kuchepetse kufunikira kwa ndalama. Onse awiri amagwiritsa ntchito batri, koma amathetsa zigawo zosiyanasiyana za bilu.

4. Kodi ndikufunika OCPP 2.0.1, kapena 1.6J ndi yokwanira?OCPP 2.0.1 ikulimbikitsidwa kwambiri pa ma hubs atsopano: imawonjezera chitetezo cha TLS, kuyatsa kwanzeru kwachilengedwe, komanso kuyang'anira bwino chipangizo. OCPP 1.6J imakhalabe yabwino pakusintha koma imachepetsa zochita zokha mtsogolo komanso kutenga nawo mbali kwa DR.

5. Kodi kasamalidwe ka mphamvu ka zinthu kangandithandize bwanji kukula kwambiri kwa ma charger?EMS imatseka mphamvu yonse ya malo pamalopo pa malire a kulumikizana kwa gridi ndipo imaika patsogolo magawo, kotero kulumikizana kwa 500 kVA kumatha kusunga ma charger 960 kW—chilichonse chimagwira ntchito ndi mphamvu zonse bola ngati zonsezo zikukhala pansi pa chivundikirocho.

6. Kodi BESS hub ingapeze ndalama kuchokera ku mayankho a demand?Inde, pamene kusonkhanitsa kulipo. Batire ya 240 kW imatha kutaya ~1 MWh pa chochitika cha maola anayi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale $50–150 pa kW pachaka m'misika yogwira ntchito ya DR.

7. Kodi kugwiritsa ntchito magalimoto kupita ku gridi n'kothandiza m'malo osungira magalimoto masiku ano?Mowonjezereka, ndi ma charger a mbali ziwiri ndi magalimoto a ISO 15118, koma izi zimapangitsa kuti ntchito ikhale yovuta. Ogwira ntchito ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito V2G akameta tsitsi kwambiri ndipo DR imakhazikika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mabatire oimika magalimoto oimika magalimotowo azitha kuwonjezeredwa ku malo oimika magalimoto a BESS.