Amaqhinga oLawulo lwaMandla akrelekrele kwiiHubs zanamhlanje zeBESS

Impendulo ekhawulezileyo

Isixhobo sokutshaja sebhetri sanamhlanje (i-BESS) siyaphumelela okanye siyasilela kwisicwangciso saso solawulo lwamandla, kungekhona izixhobo zaso. Ulawulo lwamandla olukrelekrele lusebenzisa inkqubo yolawulo lwamandla enqanaba lesiza (i-EMS) ukuze lugqibe ngokuqhubekayo ukuba kufuneka litshaje nini ibhetri, indlela yokwabela amandla phakathi kweetshaja, kunye nokuba kufuneka likhuphe nini ukuze kuchetywe kakhulu, kutshintshwe umthwalo, okanye kuphendulwe imfuno. Amaqhinga amathathu anempembelelo ephezulu kakhulu kukuthunyelwa kwe-peak-shaving, i-dynamic charger power cap nge-OCPP 2.0.1, kunye neshedyuli esekelwe kumaxabiso esebenzisa ukusasazeka kwerhafu. Zisetyenziswa kunye, zinciphisa iindleko zamandla esayithi ngama-20–40%, zikhusela iitshaja kwimida yegridi, kwaye zidale ingeniso entsha kwiinkqubo zombane. Eli nqaku lichaza ulawulo lwe-EMS, amaqhinga aphambili, kunye neenkqubo ezenza ukuba i-automation ithembeke kwisikali se-hub.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe

• I-EMS yingqondo yokulawula edibanisa ibhetri, iitshaja, i-PV, kunye neerhafu zegridi kwingxaki enye yokwenza ngcono.
• Ukucheba i-peak yeyona ndlela ibalulekileyo: ukugubungela isithuba seemfuno zemizuzu eli-15 kunciphisa eyona nto inkulu kumgca werhafu.
• Ulawulo lomthwalo oguqukayo (i-DLM) luvumela uqhagamshelo lwegridi oluncinci ukuba lusebenzele iitshaja ezinkulu kakhulu.
• Ucwangciso olusekelwe kumaxabiso kunye nempendulo yemfuno ziguqula indawo yokugcina izinto ibe yimpahla yengeniso, kungekuphela nje isixhobo sokuphepha iindleko.
• Ukusebenzisana kwe-OCPP 2.0.1, ISO 15118, kunye ne-IEC 61851 ziziseko ezingaxoxiswaniyo zolawulo oluzenzekelayo.

Yintoni Eyenza Ihabhu Yokutshaja “Ibe Yiyo Ekrelekrele” Namhlanje

Kwiminyaka elishumi eyadlulayo, indawo yokutshaja ye-EV yayiyingqokelela yeetshaja eziqhagamshelwe kwimitha. Itshaja nganye yayithetha ngamandla nesithuthi ngokwaso, indawo yayithatha naliphi na ixesha elifunekayo, kwaye umqhubi wayelungisa umonakalo ekupheleni kwenyanga. Ihabhu ye-BESS ekrelekrele yahlukile ngokwesakhiwo: ukuhamba kwamandla ngakunye kuyalinganiswa, isigqibo ngasinye siyalungiswa, kwaye indawo isebenza njengesixhobo esinye esinokulawuleka.

Iimpawu ezichazayo ze-smart hub zezi:

1. Ukulinganisa ngexesha langempelaumthwalo wendawo, imeko yebhetri yokutshaja (iSoC), amandla etshaja, kunye—apho kufanelekileyo—nokuveliswa kwePV. 2.Uqikelelo lwexeshayemfuno yezithuthi, amandla okukhupha amandla elanga, kunye neefestile zerhafu. 3.Ukwenziwa ngconoesisombulula iindleko eziphantsi okanye ingeniso ephezulu ngaphakathi kwemida ebonakalayo neyesivumelwano.Ukuphunyezwaethumela imiqondiso yokulawula kwiitshaja, ii-PCS zebhetri, kunye nendawo yokunxibelelana kwegridi. 5.Ukuthobela imithethokunye nezivumelwano zonxibelelwano lwegridi, imithetho yokulinganisa, kunye neemfuno zokhuseleko lwe-intanethi.

Ihabhu engenazo ezi zakhono yifama enkulu yokutshaja. Ngazo, iba yimpahla yamandla apho umqhubi wayo angathembisa umbane iprofayili yomthwalo othe tyaba aze awuhambise.

Ulawulo lwe-EMS: Umlawuli weSayithi, iNethiwekhi yeTshaja, uMda weGrid

Ulawulo lwamandla olukrelekrele lusebenza kwiileya ezintathu ezidityanisiweyo, kwaye ukuphunyezwa okungcono kugcina zonke ezintathu zilungelelene:

Umaleko 1 — Umlawuli wesiza (EMS).I-EMS ngumenzi wezigqibo. Ingenisa idatha yerhafu, iiparameter zempilo yebhetri, imeko yetshaja, kunye neengeniso zengqikelelo, emva koko ipapashe isicwangciso sokuhambisa: iindawo zokutshaja/zokukhupha ibhetri, imida yamandla kwitshaja nganye, kunye neethagethi zokungenisa igridi. Amaqonga e-EMS ezorhwebo ahlaziya esi sicwangciso rhoqo emva kwemizuzu eli-1 ukuya kweli-15, kuxhomekeke ekungazinzini kwemarike.

Umaleko 2 — Inethiwekhi yetshaja.Iitshaja zenza esi sicwangciso nge-OCPP. Kwi-OCPP 2.0.1, i-EMS inokuseta imida yamandla atshintshayo kwiseshoni nganye yokutshaja ngexesha langempela, inciphisa iiseshoni zomntu ngamnye ukugcina indawo ngaphakathi komda wayo. Le yindlela eguqula uqhagamshelo lwe-500 kVA lube yi-hub enamandla e-960 kW: iitshaja zisebenza ngokukhupha okupheleleyo xa ibhetri iphuma, kwaye zinciphe xa ingasebenzi.

Umaleko 3 — Umphetho wegridi.Indawo yokunxibelelana ixela idatha yemitha kwaye, kwiinkqubo ze-smart-grid, ifumana imiqondiso yangaphandle—iziganeko zokuphendula imfuno, iifandesi zomthamo, okanye ii-pulses zamaxabiso ngexesha lokusetyenziswa. I-EMS ithatha oku njengemida okanye igalelo lamaxabiso ekuphuculeni kwayo.

Indlela yokusilela ekufuneka ithintelwe kukulawula ibhetri ngaphandle kokusebenzisa i-silosed: ukuba ibhetri ilawulwa ngumthengisi omnye, iitshaja ngomnye, kunye ne-PV ngomnye wesithathu, akukho silungiselelo sinye sikhoyo. Yiyo loo nto amaqonga adibeneyo [i-BESS charging station](https://www.midapower.com/bess-charging-station/)—apho i-EMS ithumela khona ibhetri kunye neetshaja—ahlala enika iziphumo ezingcono kunee-stacks ezilungileyo ezibotshelelwe ndawonye kwindawo.

Ulawulo loMthwalo: Ukucheba okuPhezulu kunye nokuShintsha uMthwalo

Iindlela ezimbini ezisebenzayo zolawulo lwamandla e-BESS hub kukucheba okuphezulu kunye nokutshintsha umthwalo. Zihlala zibhideka, kodwa zijolise kwiinxalenye ezahlukeneyo zerhafu.

Ukucheba okucothayoIgqiba imfuno ephezulu yegridi yesiza yemizuzu eli-15. I-EMS ijonga ifestile yemfuno ejikelezayo; xa incochoyi eqikelelweyo isondela kwisivalo, ikhupha ibhetri ngamandla afunekayo. Inzuzo kukuphepha i-demand-charge—ngesiqhelo ixabiso elikhulu elilawulekayo kwibhili yesiza sokutshaja. Kwi-hub ene-peak ye-1.2 MW kunye nerhafu ye-$15/kW, ukucheba i-300 kW konga i-$54,000 ngonyaka.

Ukutshintsha umthwaloihambisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngexesha. Ibhetri iyatshaja ngexesha elingengomsebenzi oqhelekileyo (xa amandla eyi-$0.03–$0.06/kWh) kwaye inika amandla iitshaja ngexesha elingengomsebenzi oqhelekileyo (xa amandla eyi-$0.15–$0.30/kWh). Inzuzo kukuncitshiswa kweendleko zamandla kunye, kwezinye iimarike, ingeniso ye-arbitrage.

Itheyibhile engezantsi ithelekisa amaqhinga ngokwenjongo, isiqalisi solawulo, kunye nokonga okuqhelekileyo:

I-EMS elungisiweyo kakuhle isebenzisa ezininzi zezi ngaxeshanye: ukucheba i-peak, ukuhambisa umthwalo kwiifestile zerhafu, kunye nokuphendula kwimicimbi ye-DR xa ixabiso lilungile.

Impendulo yeMfuno kunye ne-V2G: Ugcino njengeAsethi yeGridi

Ngaphaya kwemitha, i-BESS hub inokuthatha inxaxheba kwiinkonzo zegridi ezihlawulela ukuguquguquka. Iinkqubo zokuphendula imfuno (DR) zihlawula iindawo zokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa—okanye amandla okuthumela ngaphandle—xa igridi ixinezelekile. I-BESS enamandla angama-240 kW enokunciphisa umthwalo iiyure ezine imele phantse i-1 MWh yokuguquguquka okuthuthwayo, exabisa i-$12,000–$36,000 ngonyaka kwiimarike ze-DR ezisebenzayo.

I-Vehicle-to-grid (V2G) idlulisela ingqiqo efanayo kwilori okanye kwiibhasi ngokwazo. Ngeetshaja eziya kwicala elinye kunye nezithuthi ezisebenzisa i-ISO 15118, indawo yokugcina izinto inokuhlanganisa iibhetri zezithuthi ezipakiweyo njengesixhobo samandla esibonakalayo. Oku kunzima ngakumbi ukuyisebenzisa—imida yokufumaneka kwezithuthi kufuneka ihlonitshwe—kodwa iguqula eyona asethi inkulu ingasetyenziswanga kakuhle (iibhetri zeenqwelo ezipakiweyo) ibe yingeniso. Uninzi lwabaqhubi lufaka i-V2G emva kokucheba okuphezulu kunye ne-DR ziqinisekisiwe, kuba ezo azifuni ntsebenziswano phakathi kwezithuthi.

Ucwangciso olusekwe kwi-AI kunye noLawulo lokuQaphela

I-EMS esekelwe kumthetho ongaguqukiyo—“ukukhupha ukususela ngentsimbi yesi-4 emva kwemini ukuya kweyesi-9 emva kwemini”—ishiya imali etafileni kuba imithwalo yokwenyani kunye namaxabiso ayahluka imihla ngemihla. Ulawulo lokuqikelela longeza uqikelelo: i-EMS iqikelela imfuno yokutshaja yangomso evela kwi-fleet telematics, imveliso yelanga evela kwidatha yemozulu, kunye nexabiso elivela kwiikhalenda zerhafu, ize ilungiselele isicwangciso sebhetri kulo lonke ixesha.

Uphuculo lokufunda ngoomatshini luhamba phambili, lufunda iipateni zeveki zesiza kwaye luhlengahlengisa umgaqo-nkqubo wokuthunyelwa ngokuzenzekelayo. Iziphumo ezilinganiswayo kwiindawo zokusebenza ziquka:

• Ukunciphisa iindleko ezongezelelweyo nge-10–20%ukuthunyelwa okusekelwe kwimithetho engaphezulu, ukusuka kwixesha elingcono lemijikelo yebhetri;
• Iibhetri ezimbalwa nge-kilowatt-yure nganye ezisetyenziswayo, ukwandisa ubomi bomjikelo ngokufanisa amandla okukhupha nomthwalo wokwenyani;
• Ukuphuculwa kokuthobela imithetho ye-peak-capngeentsuku ezingaqhelekanga (iiholide, amaza obushushu, iziganeko) ezilawula ukuphosa.

Kwisikhululo sokutshaja se-BESS [2 MWh 960 kW megawatt] (https://www.midapower.com/2mwh-960kw-bess-charging-station-megawatt-ev-charger-solar-battery-storage-system-product/), apho umjikelo omnye ongengomhlanga unokubiza amakhulu eedola ekuwohlokeni kunye nokugqithiswa kwemfuno, ulawulo lokuqikelela asinto ilula—ngumgangatho osebenzayo.

Ukusebenzisana kweProtocol: OCPP 2.0.1 kunye ne-ISO 15118

Lonke icebo elikrelekrele elichazwe apha ngasentla lixhomekeke ekubeni i-EMS ithethe ulwimi olufanayo ngeetshaja kunye nezithuthi. Iiprotokholi ezintathu zichaza olo lwimi:

• I-OCPP 2.0.1— umgangatho wetshaja ukusuka kwi-backend. Ukusebenza kwayo kweSmartCharging kuvumela i-EMS ukuba ibeke imida yamandla ngeseshoni nganye, ulawulo lwentengiselwano, kunye nolawulo lwesixhobo kude. Ithatha indawo ye-OCPP 1.6J kwiihabhu ezintsha ngenxa yokhuseleko olungcono (TLS), ukuphathwa ngcono kweempazamo, kunye nokutshaja okukrelekrele kwendalo.
• I-ISO 15118— umgangatho wesithuthi ukusuka kwitshaja ukuya kwenye. I-Plug & Charge iqinisekisa imoto, kwaye le nkqubo ithwala imeko yebhetri yesithuthi kunye nemida yokutshaja kwi-EMS, ivumela iiseshoni ezilungiselelwe ngokwenene endaweni yokutshaja ngexabiso elimiselweyo.
• I-IEC 61851— umgangatho osisiseko we-EVSE signaling osetyenziswa yiyo yonke itshaja yanamhlanje, kwaye i-OCPP kunye ne-ISO 15118 ziyandiswa.

Ukuchaza zonke ezintathu ngexesha lokuthenga yipolisi yeinshorensi engabizi kakhulu umnini wehabhu anokuyithenga. Iqinisekisa ukuba i-[BESS yeziseko ze-EV](https://www.midapower.com/news/bess-for-ev-infrastructure-fast-flexible-and-grid-friendly-ultra-fast-charging-solutions/) inokusetyenziswa yiyo nayiphi na i-EMS yanamhlanje, inokujoyina iinkqubo ze-DR zexesha elizayo, kwaye inokwamkela izithuthi kuyo nayiphi na i-OEM ngaphandle kweendlela zokulungisa iadaptha.

Isiphelo

Ulawulo lwamandla olukrelekrele lulo oluhlula i-BESS hub kwiibhetri ezininzi. I-EMS—exhotyiswe nge-peak-shaving logic, ulawulo lomthwalo oluguquguqukayo, ucwangciso oluqondayo lwerhafu, kunye neenkqubo ezivulekileyo—iguqula indawo yokugcina ibe ngumatshini wokunciphisa iindleko kunye nengeniso ngelixa igcina yonke itshaja inikwa ukutya. Abaqhubi kufuneka babeke phambili iqonga elidibeneyo kunokuthenga izinto, balinganise i-OCPP 2.0.1 kunye ne-ISO 15118, kwaye baqale ngokucheba okuphezulu ngaphambi kokufaka i-arbitrage, i-DR, kwaye ekugqibeleni i-V2G. I-strategy stack iqinisekisiwe, inokulinganiswa, kwaye iya ngokwanda umahluko phakathi kwendawo yokutshaja esindayo kwimeko yayo yerhafu kunye neyo ichumayo kuyo.

FAQ

1. Yintoni eyenziwa yi-EMS kwindawo yokutshaja ye-BESS?I-EMS ihlala igqiba ukuba itshaje nini ibhetri, ingakanani amandla anokuthathwa yitshaja nganye, kwaye ikhuphe nini—isebenzisa iifestile zerhafu, iigridi, kunye nemfuno yesithuthi. Yingqondo yesoftware yehabhu.

2. Ulawulo lwamandla olukrelekrele lunokonga malini kwindawo yokutshaja?Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ziphantsi ngama-20–40% kwiindleko zamandla zizonke, kunye nokunciphisa imfuno-intlawulo ye-30–50% kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zamandla ze-10–25% ngenxa yokutshintsha komthwalo. Ubungakanani bemali yokonga kunye nobunzima berhafu.

3. Yintoni umahluko phakathi kokucheba i-peak kunye nokushenxiswa komthwalo?Ukucheba i-peak shaving kuvala ukutsalwa kwegridi okuphezulu kwemizuzu eli-15 ukunciphisa iindleko zemfuno; ukushenxiswa komthwalo kuhambisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwiifestile zerhafu ezingabizi kakhulu ukunciphisa iindleko zamandla. Zombini zisebenzisa ibhetri, kodwa zisombulula izinto ezahlukeneyo zebhili.

4. Ngaba ndifuna i-OCPP 2.0.1, okanye ngaba i-1.6J yanele?I-OCPP 2.0.1 icetyiswa kakhulu kwii-hubs ezintsha: yongeza ukhuseleko lwe-TLS, ukutshaja okuhlakaniphileyo kwendalo, kunye nolawulo olungcono lwesixhobo. I-OCPP 1.6J ihlala ilungile kwiindlela ezintsha kodwa ithintela ukwenziwa kwezinto ngokuzenzekelayo kwixesha elizayo kunye nokubamba inxaxheba kwe-DR.

5. Ulawulo lomthwalo olutshintshayo lundivumela njani ukuba ndibeke iitshaja ezinkulu kakhulu?I-EMS ivala amandla ewonke kwindawo ekumda woqhagamshelo lwegridi kwaye ibeka phambili iiseshoni, ngoko ke uqhagamshelo lwe-500 kVA lunokusingatha iitshaja ezingama-960 kW—nganye isebenza ngamandla apheleleyo lo gama nje itotali ihlala phantsi kwesiciko.

6. Ngaba i-BESS hub ingenza imali ngokuphendula kwimfuno?Ewe, apho ukuhlanganiswa kufumaneka khona. Ibhetri engama-240 kW inokukhupha i-~1 MWh kwisiganeko seeyure ezine, ifumane i-$50–150 nge-kW ngonyaka kwiimarike ezisebenzayo ze-DR.

7. Ngaba isithuthi sisebenza kwiindawo zokugcina izithuthi namhlanje?Ngokuya kusanda, ngeetshaja eziya kwicala elinye kunye nezithuthi ze-ISO 15118, kodwa kongeza ubunzima bokusebenza. Uninzi lwabaqhubi lusebenzisa i-V2G emva kokuba i-peak sheving kwaye i-DR imiselwe, bephatha iibhetri zeenqwelo ezipakishiweyo njengolwandiso lwendawo ye-BESS.