Malo Ochapira a AC vs DC

Ngati munayamba mwadzifunsapo chifukwa chake imatchedwa "DC fast charging," yankho ndi losavuta. "DC" imatanthauza "direct current," mtundu wa mphamvu yomwe mabatire amagwiritsa ntchito. Malo ochajira a Level 2 amagwiritsa ntchito "AC," kapena "alternating current," yomwe mungapeze m'malo ogulira magetsi wamba. Ma EV ali ndi ma charger omwe ali mkati mwa galimoto omwe amasintha mphamvu ya AC kukhala DC ya batire. Ma charger a DC fast amasintha mphamvu ya AC kukhala DC mkati mwa malo ochajira ndipo amapereka mphamvu ya DC mwachindunji ku batire, ndichifukwa chake amachajira mwachangu.

Malo athu ochapira a ChargePoint Express ndi Express Plus amapereka DC fast charging. Sakani pa mapu athu kuti mupeze malo ochapira mofulumira pafupi nanu.

Kufotokozera kwa DC Fast Charging

Kuchaja kwa AC ndi njira yosavuta kwambiri yopezera - malo ogulitsira ali paliponse ndipo pafupifupi ma charger onse a EV omwe mumakumana nawo m'nyumba, m'masitolo, ndi m'malo ogwirira ntchito ndi Level2 Chargers. Chaja ya AC imapereka mphamvu ku chaja yomwe ili m'galimoto, kusintha mphamvu ya AC kukhala DC kuti ilowe mu batire. Kuchuluka kwa chaja yomwe ili m'galimoto kumasiyana malinga ndi mtundu koma kumakhala kochepa pazifukwa za mtengo, malo ndi kulemera. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kutengera galimoto yanu, zitha kutenga maola anayi kapena asanu mpaka maola opitilira khumi ndi awiri kuti chaji yonse ichitike pa Level 2.

DC Fast Charging imadutsa malire onse a charger yomwe ili m'galimoto ndi kusintha komwe kumafunika, m'malo mwake imapatsa mphamvu DC mwachindunji ku batri, liwiro la charger likhoza kuwonjezeka kwambiri. Nthawi yochaja imadalira kukula kwa batri ndi kutulutsa kwa dispenser, ndi zina, koma magalimoto ambiri amatha kupeza charger ya 80% pafupifupi ola limodzi kapena kuchepera pogwiritsa ntchito ma DC fast charger ambiri omwe alipo pano.

Kuchaja mwachangu kwa DC ndikofunikira kwambiri poyendetsa mtunda wautali/kutali komanso magalimoto akuluakulu. Kutembenuka mwachangu kumathandiza oyendetsa kuti azitha kuchajanso masana kapena panthawi yochepa m'malo mongogwiritsa ntchito plug usiku wonse, kapena kwa maola ambiri, kuti adzaze zonse.

Magalimoto akale anali ndi zoletsa zomwe zinkawalola kuti azichaja mphamvu ya 50kW pa ma DC units okha (ngati akanatha kutero) koma magalimoto atsopano tsopano akubwera omwe angalandire mphamvu ya 270kW. Popeza kukula kwa batri kwawonjezeka kwambiri kuyambira pomwe ma EV oyamba adafika pamsika, ma DC charger akhala akupeza mphamvu zambiri zomwe zikugwirizana - ndipo ena tsopano ali ndi mphamvu ya 350kW.

Pakadali pano, ku North America kuli mitundu itatu ya DC fast charging: CHAdeMO, Combined Charging System (CCS) ndi Tesla Supercharger.

Opanga ma charger onse akuluakulu a DC amapereka mayunitsi ambiri omwe amapereka kuthekera kochaja kudzera pa CCS kapena CHAdeMO kuchokera ku unit yomweyo. Tesla Supercharger imatha kutumikira magalimoto a Tesla okha, komabe magalimoto a Tesla amatha kugwiritsa ntchito ma charger ena, makamaka CHAdeMO pakuchaja mwachangu kwa DC, kudzera pa adaputala.

 4.Malo ochapira a DC

Malo ochapira a DC ndi ovuta kwambiri paukadaulo ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala okwera mtengo kuposa malo ochapira a AC ndipo kuwonjezera apo, amafunika gwero lamphamvu. Kuphatikiza apo, malo ochapira a DC ayenera kukhala okhoza kulumikizana ndi galimoto m'malo mwa chochapira chomwe chili m'galimoto kuti athe kusintha magawo a mphamvu yotulutsa malinga ndi momwe batire lilili komanso mphamvu yake.

Makamaka chifukwa cha mtengo wake komanso zovuta zake paukadaulo, tikhoza kuwerengera masiteshoni a DC ochepa kwambiri kuposa masiteshoni a AC. Pakadali pano pali mazana ambiri ndipo ali pamitsempha yayikulu yamagazi.

Mphamvu yokhazikika ya siteshoni yochapira ya DC ndi 50kW, kutanthauza kuwirikiza kawiri kuposa siteshoni ya AC. Malo ochapira mofulumira kwambiri ali ndi mphamvu yofika 150 kW, ndipo Tesla yapanga malo ochapira mofulumira kwambiri okhala ndi mphamvu yokwana 250 kW.
Malo ochapira a Tesla. Wolemba: Open Grid Scheduler (Layisensi CC0 1.0)

Komabe, kuyatsa pang'onopang'ono pogwiritsa ntchito ma AC stations n'kosavuta kwa mabatire ndipo kumathandiza kuti azikhala ndi moyo wautali, kotero njira yabwino ndiyo kuyatsa kudzera pa AC station ndikugwiritsa ntchito ma DC stations okha paulendo wautali.

Chidule

Chifukwa chakuti tili ndi mitundu iwiri ya magetsi (AC ndi DC), palinso njira ziwiri zolipirira galimoto yamagetsi.

Ndizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito malo ochajira a AC komwe chochajira chimasamalira kusinthaku. Njirayi ndi yocheperako, koma yotsika mtengo komanso yofewa. Ma AC charger ali ndi mphamvu yofika 22 kW ndipo nthawi yofunikira kuti chaji igwire bwino imadalira mphamvu yotulutsa chaji yomwe ili mkati.

Ndizothekanso kugwiritsa ntchito malo oimika magalimoto a DC, komwe kuli kokwera mtengo kwambiri, koma izi zimachitika mkati mwa mphindi zochepa. Nthawi zambiri, mphamvu yawo ndi 50 kW, koma ikuyembekezeka kuwonjezeka mtsogolo. Mphamvu ya ma charger othamanga ndi 150 kW. Onsewa ali mozungulira njira zazikulu ndipo ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito paulendo wautali wokha.

Kuti zinthu zikhale zovuta pang'ono, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zolumikizira zochapira, zomwe tikuwonetsa mwachidule. Komabe, vutoli likusintha ndipo miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi ndi ma adapter akubwera, kotero mtsogolomu, silidzakhala vuto lalikulu kuposa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya soketi padziko lonse lapansi.