Itshaja ye-EV ephathekayo
Ibhokisi yodonga ye-EV yasekhaya
Isitishi setshaja seDC
Isikhululo sokutshaja seBESS
I-V2G V2H V2V V2L
Imodyuli yokutshaja ye-EV
Isixhumi sokutshaja se-DC
Izixhobo ze-EV
Kuthotho lwezihloko ze-V2G zangaphambili (1), “KuNyaka Worhwebo, iTshayina neYurophu zithathe iindlela ezahlukeneyo zobuchwepheshe,” sihlolisise umahluko phakathi kwe-V2G eTshayina naseYurophu, kunye nemvelaphi enkulu kunye namathuba orhwebo onxibelelwano lwenethiwekhi yezithuthi. Xa ishishini lingena 'kwindawo yamanzi anzulu', ukuhambelana kokusetyenziswa kobuchwepheshe kuba yingxaki ephambili yorhwebo olukhulu.
Eyona nto iphambili kwi-V2G asikokutshaja nokukhupha iimoto, kodwa kukuguqula iimoto zibe zizixhobo zegridi – kule ngxaki, siza kujonga izinto eziphambili zobuchwepheshe ekufuneka zibe nazo isisombululo se-V2G esivuthiweyo eYurophu.
1, iProtocol Stack: Ukuphunyezwa okuBanzi kwe-ISO 15118-20
Kwizicelo ze-V2G (iMoto ukuya kwiGrid), iiprotokholi zonxibelelwano zibalulekile njengoko zivumela ukutshintshiselana kwedatha okuthembekileyo, okukhuselekileyo, nokusemgangathweni phakathi kwezithuthi zombane, izikhululo zokutshaja, abaqhubi begridi, kunye nabathathi-nxaxheba kwizithuthi zombane. Ezi protokholi zihamba kulo lonke unxibelelwano kwaye zisetyenziselwa ukufezekisa unxibelelwano oluphambili phakathi kwezithuthi zombane kunye nezikhululo zokutshaja ukuze kudluliselwe umbane kwicala ngalinye.
I-ISO 15118-20 yakhutshwa ngo-2022, ibeka isiseko sokutshaja kwicala ngalinye kwaye iya kuba yimfuneko kuzo zonke izikhululo zokutshaja ezisandula ukwakhiwa zikarhulumente nezabucala (iMode 3) ukususela ngoJanuwari 2027. I-ISO 15118-20 yongeza indlela yokuxoxisana eneenkcukacha phakathi kwezithuthi zombane kunye nezikhululo zokutshaja, kubandakanya amaxabiso atshintshayo kunye nemiqondiso enxulumene nokuxinana kwegridi.
I-ISO 15118-20 yeyona ndlela yodwa yophuhliso olusemthethweni lokuphumeza ukusebenza kwe-V2G. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-ISO 15118-2 yesiqhelo, umgangatho omtsha unikwe isikhundla esiphambili, kwaye impumelelo yawo kwezobuchwepheshe ibonakaliswa kakhulu koku:
- ◉ Ulawulo lokuhamba kwamandla oluya kwicala elinye (Ulawulo Olutshintshayo):ifezekisa umgaqo we-P (osebenzayo) kunye no-Q (osebenzayo), ixhasa impendulo yefrikhwensi yegridi.
- ◉ Ukubethela ukhuseleko olunamanqanaba amaninzi:Ingenisa iprotocol yeTLS 1.3 engqongqo kunye nokuqinisekiswa kwesatifikethi esihambelanayo ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwenethiwekhi yezinto zesithuthi xa ziqhagamshelwe kwigridi yamandla kawonkewonke.
- ◉ Iplagi kunye nokutshaja:Kwiimeko ze-V2G, ukuqinisekiswa kobuwena akupheleli nje ekubizeni, kodwa kukwamisela ingcambu yokuthembana kwesithuthi njenge "yunithi yokugcina amandla eselula".
2, Iimfuno zobugcisa eziphambili: Ungayakha njani inkqubo ye-V2G "eqinisekileyo"?
Uhlengahlengiso lobunjineli boyilo lwezakhiwo olunezigaba ezintathu
Ingqwalasela ye-V2G ayisiyongqokelela yezixhobo "zesithuthi + inqwaba", kodwa kukwakhiwa ngokutsha kweenkqubo zokuvelisa ezisasazwe phantsi kwenkqubo yokufikelela kwigridi. Inkqubo ye-V2G edityaniswe negridi efanelekileyo kufuneka ibe neeleya ezintathu zezakhono zokusebenzisana: umaleko wombane (utshintshiselwano lwamandla): ukusombulula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokufakwa kwe-harmonic ephantsi (THD<3%) yee-AC/DC bidirectional converters. Umaleko wolawulo (impendulo ye-algorithm): Ingqwalasela ikukuphunyezwa kwendawo ye-algorithm yolawulo lwe-frequency droop kunye ne-fault ride through (FRT). Umaleko wenkqubo (isiqinisekiso sokuthobela imithetho): Ukujongana nesiqinisekiso sokuhambelana ngokubanzi kwendibaniselwano "yeentambo zesithuthi", "itikiti elinyanzelekileyo" lokuya kwihlabathi liphela eYurophu.
Ukwakha ulawulo 'oluqinisekileyo': ii-algorithms ezintathu eziphambili
1. Ulawulo lwamandla olusebenzayo: Uphawu lwe-LFSM-U droop (Ulawulo lwe-Droop)
I-grid frequency yeyona nto ibonisa ukuba i-system load balancing ingakanani. Xa i-frequency ingaphantsi kwe-49.8 Hz, inkqubo ye-V2G kufuneka ibonise i-"deterministic" incremental output.
2. Ulawulo lwamandla olusebenzayo: ummiselo osasazwe kwimo ye-Q (U)
Ukuguquguquka kwevolthi kudla ngokuba kwindawo ethile. Ukulawula ivolthi (U) ngokusebenzisa amandla asebenzayo (Q) luphawu oluphambili oluhlula i-V2G kwindawo yokugcina amandla eqhelekileyo.
3. Ukhuseleko lojongano kunye nomsebenzi wokuhamba
Olu luphawu lokugqibela lokuqina kwenkqubo (Ukuhamba ngempazamo kunye nokuqhawulwa kwengxaki).
"Iimfuno eziqinileyo" ezintathu zokudibanisa i-hardware kunye nenkqubo
- Ukubambezeleka kwempendulo kunye nokuvumelanisa idatha:Ukusebenza okuphezulu kakhulu ngexesha langempela kuyadingeka kwimarike ye-FCR.
- Imbuyekezo ye-algorithm yempilo yebhetri (SOH):Ukubeka esweni ixesha lomjikelo kunye nobunzulu bokukhupha ngexesha langempela.
- Umgangatho wamandla kunye nokuthobela igridi:Ulawulo lwe-total harmonic distortion (THD) lubaluleke kakhulu.
3, isicelo senqanaba lesisombululo: Uyilo loyilo lweqonga lokuhlanganisa i-V2G
Isisombululo se-V2G esinobunzulu beshishini asisosisombululo nje "seepali + izithuthi", kodwa sisakhiwo senkqubo yendalo ye-EV-EVSE-CPO-EMS evaliweyo.
4, uyilo lwenkqubo ye-Deterministic V2G
Isigqibo sokuqala sobunjineli sesi: I-inverter kufuneka ibekwe phi? Oku kumisela inkqubo yokuqinisekisa kunye nomda woxanduva lobugcisa.
I-V2G yangoku ngqo (DC V2G)
I-Inverter idityaniswe kwi-charging pile (EVSE). Ukuthobela imithetho luxanduva lomenzi we-charging pile.
Unxibelelwano lwe-V2G (AC V2G)
I-Inverter yitshaja ejikelezayo (OBC). Le moto isebenza njenge "isikhululo samandla esiphathwayo".
5, Isiqinisekiso kunye nokufikelela
Kwabo benza izigqibo, ukuba imveliso ingaphumelela na kuphononongo kuxhomekeke ekuqondeni kwabo inkqubo esemgangathweni, kuqukaI-RfG (i-EU 2016/631), I-EN 50549-1kunyeI-EN 50549-10.
6, Ingqiqo yoShishino: Ixesha lokutshintsha lika-2026 lifikile
Ukhuphiswano lwe-V2G alulokhuphiswano lwamandla, kodwa lukhuphiswano lokuchaneka kolawulo kunye nobunzulu bokuthobela imithetho. Ukubeka phambili amaqonga ezixhobo ezixhasa i-ISO 15118-20 kunye nokwamkela indlela yobunjineli beenkqubo yeyona ndlela iphambili yobuchwepheshe.
Ixesha leposi: Septemba-20-2026
