Kodi Kuchaja kwa Bidirectional ndi Chiyani?

Ndi ma EV ambiri, magetsi amapita mbali imodzi - kuyambira pa chochapira, chotulutsira pakhoma kapena gwero lina lamagetsi kupita ku batire. Pali mtengo wodziwikiratu kwa ogwiritsa ntchito magetsi ndipo, popeza magalimoto opitilira theka akuyembekezeka kukhala ma EV kumapeto kwa zaka khumi, katundu wowonjezereka pa ma gridi amagetsi omwe ali kale ndi msonkho wochulukirapo.

Kuchaja magetsi mbali zonse ziwiri kumakupatsani mwayi wosuntha mphamvu mwanjira ina, kuchokera pa batire kupita ku china chake chosiyana ndi drivetrain ya galimoto. Pakazima, EV yolumikizidwa bwino imatha kutumiza magetsi ku nyumba kapena bizinesi ndikusunga magetsi kwa masiku angapo, njira yodziwika kuti vehicle-to-home (V2H) kapena vehicle-to-building (V2B).

Chofunika kwambiri, EV yanu ingaperekenso mphamvu ku netiweki pamene kufunikira kuli kwakukulu — mwachitsanzo, panthawi ya kutentha pamene aliyense akuyendetsa ma air conditioner awo — ndipo pewani kusakhazikika kapena kuzimitsidwa. Zimenezi zimadziwika kuti vehicle-to-grid (V2G).

Poganizira kuti magalimoto ambiri amakhala oimika magalimoto 95% nthawi zonse, ndi njira yokopa.

Koma kukhala ndi galimoto yokhala ndi mphamvu zoyendetsera magalimoto awiri ndi gawo limodzi chabe la izi. Mufunikanso chojambulira chapadera chomwe chimalola mphamvu kuyenda mbali zonse ziwiri. Titha kuwona izi chaka chamawa: Mu June, dcbel yomwe ili ku Montreal idalengeza kuti r16 Home Energy Station yake yakhala chojambulira choyamba cha magalimoto awiri chovomerezeka kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito m'nyumba ku US.

Chojambulira china cha mbali ziwiri, Quasar 2 kuchokera ku Wallbox, chidzapezeka pa Kia EV9 mu theka loyamba la chaka cha 2024.

Kupatula pa zipangizo zamagetsi, mudzafunikanso mgwirizano wolumikizana ndi kampani yanu yamagetsi, kuonetsetsa kuti kutumiza magetsi mmwamba sikudzawononga gridi yamagetsi.

Ndipo ngati mukufuna kubweza ndalama zomwe mudayika mu V2G, muyenera pulogalamu yomwe imayang'anira dongosololi kuti likhale ndi ndalama zomwe mungakwanitse komanso kukupatsani mtengo wabwino kwambiri wa mphamvu zomwe mudagulitsanso. Wosewera wamkulu m'derali ndi Fermata Energy, kampani yochokera ku Charlottesville, Virginia yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 2010.

“Makasitomala amalembetsa ku nsanja yathu ndipo ife timachita zinthu zonse zomwezo,” akutero woyambitsa David Slutzky. “Sayenera kuganizira za izi.”

Fermata yagwirizana pa ma V2G ndi V2H ambiri ku US konse. Ku Alliance Center, malo ogwirira ntchito limodzi omwe amaganizira za kukhazikika kwa zinthu ku Denver, galimoto ya Nissan Leaf imalumikizidwa mu chojambulira cha Fermata cha mbali ziwiri pamene sichikuyenda. Malowa akuti pulogalamu ya Fermata yodziwira kuchuluka kwa magalimoto yomwe imafunika kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito ingathe kupulumutsa $300 pamwezi pa bilu yake yamagetsi pogwiritsa ntchito zomwe zimadziwika kuti behind-the-meter demand charge management.

Ku Burrillville, Rhode Island, malo oimikapo magalimoto pa malo oyeretsera madzi otayidwa adapeza pafupifupi $9,000 m'chilimwe chachiwiri, malinga ndi Fermata, potulutsa magetsi kubwerera ku gridi panthawi ya zochitika zazikulu.

Pakadali pano ma V2G ambiri ndi oyeserera ang'onoang'ono amalonda. Koma Slutzky akuti ntchito zogwirira ntchito m'nyumba posachedwa zidzapezeka paliponse.

“Izi sizichitika mtsogolo,” iye akutero. “Zikuchitika kale, kwenikweni. Kungoti zatsala pang'ono kukula.”

Kuchaja mbali zonse ziwiri: galimoto yopita kunyumba
Mphamvu yosavuta kwambiri ya mbali ziwiri imadziwika kuti vehicle to load, kapena V2L. Ndi iyo, mutha kuyitanitsa zida zam'misasa, zida zamagetsi kapena galimoto ina yamagetsi (yomwe imadziwika kuti V2V). Pali njira zina zochitira zinthu modabwitsa: Chaka chatha, katswiri wa urologist waku Texas Christopher Yang adalengeza kuti adamaliza vasectomy panthawi yomwe adazimitsa ntchito poyika zida zake ndi batri mu Rivian R1T pickup yake.

Mungamvenso mawu akuti V2X, kapena galimoto yotanthauza chilichonse. Ndi mawu osokoneza pang'ono omwe angakhale mawu ofunikira a V2H kapena V2G kapena ngakhale kungoyendetsa galimoto, komwe kumadziwika kuti V1G. Koma ena mumakampani opanga magalimoto amagwiritsa ntchito chidulechi, m'njira ina, kutanthauza kulumikizana kulikonse pakati pa galimoto ndi chinthu china, kuphatikizapo oyenda pansi, magetsi a pamsewu kapena malo osungira deta ya magalimoto.

Mwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma chaji oyendera mbali zonse ziwiri, V2H ndiyo yothandizira kwambiri, chifukwa kusintha kwa nyengo komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha anthu komanso ma gridi amagetsi osasamalidwa bwino kwapangitsa kuti magetsi azizimitsidwa kwambiri. Panali kusokonekera kopitilira 180 komwe kunachitika ku US mu 2020, malinga ndi ndemanga ya Wall Street Journal ya data ya boma, kuchokera pa zosakwana makumi awiri ndi anayi mu 2000.

Kusunga mabatire a EV kuli ndi ubwino wambiri kuposa majenereta a dizilo kapena propane, kuphatikizapo kuti, pambuyo pa ngozi, magetsi nthawi zambiri amabwezeretsedwa mwachangu kuposa mafuta ena. Ndipo majenereta akale ndi amphamvu komanso olemetsa ndipo amatulutsa utsi woipa.

Kupatula kupereka magetsi adzidzidzi, V2H ikhoza kukupulumutsirani ndalama: Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito magetsi osungidwa kuti muyatse nyumba yanu pamene mitengo yamagetsi ili yokwera, mutha kuchepetsa ndalama zanu zamagetsi. Ndipo simukufunika mgwirizano wolumikizirana chifukwa simukubwezeretsa magetsi ku gridi.

Koma kugwiritsa ntchito V2H mu nthawi ya mdima kumangomveka bwino, akutero katswiri wa zamagetsi Eisler.

"Ngati mukuyang'ana momwe gridi yamagetsi siidalirike ndipo ingagwe, muyenera kudzifunsa kuti, kugwako kudzakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji," akutero. "Kodi mudzatha kuyikanso magetsi amagetsi amenewo nthawi yomwe mukufunikira?"

Kutsutsa kofananako kunachokera kwa Tesla — pa msonkhano womwewo wa atolankhani womwe unachitikira tsiku lomwelo la osunga ndalama mu Marichi pomwe idalengeza kuti iwonjezera magwiridwe antchito a mbali ziwiri. Pamwambowu, CEO Elon Musk adanyoza izi ngati "zosasangalatsa kwambiri."

“Ngati mutsegula galimoto yanu, nyumba yanu imagwa mdima,” iye anatero. Zachidziwikire, V2H ingakhale mpikisano mwachindunji ndi Tesla Powerwall, batire ya dzuwa ya Musk.

Kuchaja mbali zonse ziwiri: galimoto kupita ku gridi

Eni nyumba m'maboma ambiri akhoza kale kugulitsa mphamvu yochulukirapo yomwe amapanga pogwiritsa ntchito ma solar panels a padenga kubwerera ku grid. Nanga bwanji ngati ma EV oposa 1 miliyoni omwe akuyembekezeka kugulitsidwa ku US chaka chino angachite chimodzimodzi?

Malinga ndi ofufuza ku yunivesite ya Rochester, oyendetsa galimoto amatha kusunga ndalama zokwana $120 mpaka $150 pachaka pa bilu yawo yamagetsi.

V2G ikadali yatsopano — makampani opanga magetsi akadali kupeza momwe angakonzekerere gridi yamagetsi ndi momwe angalipire makasitomala omwe amawagulitsa ma kilowatt hours. Koma mapulogalamu oyesera akuyambitsidwa padziko lonse lapansi: Pacific Gas and Electric yaku California, kampani yayikulu kwambiri ku US, yayamba kulembetsa makasitomala mu pulogalamu yoyesera ya $11.7 miliyoni kuti ipeze momwe pamapeto pake idzagwirizanitsire mbali zonse ziwiri.

Malinga ndi dongosololi, makasitomala okhala m'nyumba adzalandira ndalama zokwana $2,500 zogulira chojambulira magetsi cha mbali ziwiri ndipo adzalipidwa kuti atulutse magetsi ku gridi ngati pakhala kusowa kwa magetsi komwe kukuyembekezeka. Kutengera ndi kufunikira kwa magetsi komanso mphamvu zomwe anthu akufuna kutulutsa, ophunzirawo akhoza kupeza pakati pa $10 ndi $50 pa chochitika chilichonse, wolankhulira PG&E Paul Doherty adauza dot.LA mu Disembala,

PG&E yakhazikitsa cholinga chothandizira magalimoto amagetsi okwana 3 miliyoni m'dera lake pofika chaka cha 2030, ndipo oposa 2 miliyoni mwa iwo akhoza kuthandizira V2G.