I-V2H V2G V2L Yiziphi izindlela zokushaja eziqondiswe ohlangothini ngalunye?

Yiziphi izindlela zokushaja eziqondiswe kabili?
Amashaja aqondiswe ohlangothini lwesibili angasetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezimbili ezahlukene. Eyokuqala futhi okukhulunywa ngayo kakhulu yi-Vehicle-to-grid noma i-V2G, eyenzelwe ukuthumela noma ukuthumela amandla kugridi kagesi lapho isidingo siphezulu. Uma izinkulungwane zezimoto ezinobuchwepheshe be-V2G zixhunyiwe futhi zivuliwe, lokhu kunamandla okuguqula indlela ugesi ogcinwa futhi ukhiqizwa ngayo ngezinga elikhulu. Ama-EV anamabhethri amakhulu, anamandla, ngakho amandla ahlanganisiwe ezinkulungwane zezimoto ezine-V2G angaba makhulu kakhulu. Qaphela ukuthi i-V2X yigama elisetshenziswa ngezinye izikhathi ukuchaza zonke izinhlobo ezintathu ezichazwe ngezansi.

I-Vehicle-to-grid noma i-V2G – i-EV ithumela amandla kwamanye amazwe ukuze isekele i-grid kagesi.
Amandla e-EV asetshenziswa emotweni noma ebhizinisini ukuze anikeze amandla ikhaya noma ibhizinisi.
Imoto okufanele ilayishwe noma i-V2L * – i-EV ingasetshenziswa ukunika amandla izinto zikagesi noma ukushaja ezinye i-EV
* I-V2L ayidingi ishaja eqondiswayo ukuze isebenze

Ukusetshenziswa kwesibili kwamashaja e-EV aqondisa izinhlangothi zombili kungokwemoto ukuya ekhaya noma i-V2H. Njengoba amagama esikisela, i-V2H ivumela i-EV ukuthi isetshenziswe njengohlelo lwebhethri lasekhaya ukugcina amandla elanga amaningi futhi inike amandla ikhaya lakho. Isibonelo, uhlelo lwebhethri lasekhaya olujwayelekile, njenge-Tesla Powerwall, lunamandla angu-13.5kWh. Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-EV evamile inamandla angu-65kWh, okulingana cishe nama-Powerwall amahlanu e-Tesla. Ngenxa yomthamo webhethri omkhulu, i-EV eshajwe ngokugcwele ingasekela ikhaya elijwayelekile izinsuku eziningana ezilandelanayo noma isikhathi eside kakhulu uma ihlanganiswa ne-solar esophahleni.

imoto-kuya-kugridi – V2G
I-Vehicle-to-grid (V2G) yilapho ingxenye encane yamandla ebhethri le-EV agciniwe ithunyelwa khona kugridi kagesi uma kudingeka, kuye ngelungiselelo lesevisi. Ukuze uhlanganyele ezinhlelweni ze-V2G, kudingeka ishaja ye-DC eqondiswayo kanye ne-EV ehambisanayo. Yiqiniso, kunezikhuthazo zezimali zokwenza lokhu futhi abanikazi be-EV banikezwa amakhredithi noma izindleko zikagesi ezincishisiwe. Ama-EV ane-V2G angenza futhi umnikazi akwazi ukuhlanganyela ohlelweni lwesitshalo samandla esibonakalayo (VPP) ukuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwegridi kanye nokunikeza amandla ngesikhathi sesidingo esikhulu. Ama-EV ambalwa kuphela okwamanje anekhono lokushaja le-V2G kanye ne-bidirectional DC; lokhu kufaka phakathi imodeli yakamuva i-Nissan Leaf (ZE1) kanye ne-Mitsubishi Outlander noma i-Eclipse plug-in hybrids.

Naphezu kokusakazwa, enye yezinkinga ngokuqaliswa kobuchwepheshe be-V2G yizinselele zomthetho kanye nokuntuleka kwezinqubo zokushaja ezijwayelekile nezixhumi. Amashaja aqondiswayo, njengama-solar inverters, abhekwa njengolunye uhlobo lokukhiqizwa kwamandla futhi kumele ahlangabezane nazo zonke izindinganiso zokuphepha ezilawulayo kanye nokuvalwa uma kwenzeka igridi ihluleka. Ukuze banqobe lezi zinkimbinkimbi, abanye abakhiqizi bezimoto, njengeFord, bathuthukise izinhlelo zokushaja ezilula ze-AC eziqondisa ugesi ezisebenza kuphela ngama-Ford EV ukuze zinikeze ugesi ekhaya kunokuthumela kwamanye amazwe kugridi. Abanye, njengeNissan, basebenza ngokusebenzisa amashaja aqondiswayo ajwayelekile njengeWallbox Quasar, echazwe ngemininingwane eminingi ngezansi. Funda kabanzi ngezinzuzo zobuchwepheshe be-V2G.
Namuhla, ama-EV amaningi afakwe i-CCS DC charge port ejwayelekile. Njengamanje, i-EV kuphela esebenzisa i-CCS port yokushaja i-bidirectional yi-Ford F-150 Lightning EV ekhishwe muva nje. Kodwa-ke, ama-EV amaningi ane-CCS connection port azotholakala nge-V2H kanye ne-V2G power maduze nje, njengoba i-VW imemezela ukuthi izimoto zayo zikagesi ze-ID zingase zinikeze ukushaja i-bidirectional ngesikhathi esithile ngo-2023.
2. Imoto Eya Ekhaya – V2H
I-Vehicle-to-home (V2H) ifana ne-V2G, kodwa amandla asetshenziswa endaweni ukuze anikeze amandla ekhaya esikhundleni sokufakwa kugridi kagesi. Lokhu kwenza i-EV isebenze njengohlelo lwebhethri olujwayelekile lwasekhaya ukusiza ukwandisa ukuzimela, ikakhulukazi uma ihlanganiswa ne-solar esophahleni. Kodwa-ke, inzuzo ebonakala kakhulu ye-V2H yikhono lokunikeza amandla okusekela ngesikhathi sokucima kombane.

Ukuze i-V2H isebenze, idinga ishaja ye-EV ehambisanayo ehambisanayo kanye nemishini eyengeziwe, okuhlanganisa imitha yamandla (imitha ye-CT) efakwe endaweni yokuxhumanisa igridi enkulu. Imitha ye-CT iqapha ukugeleza kwamandla ukuya nokubuya kugridi. Lapho uhlelo luthola amandla egridi asetshenziswa yikhaya lakho, lunikeza ishaja ye-EV ehambisanayo ukuthi ikhiphe inani elilinganayo, ngaleyo ndlela isuse noma yimaphi amandla akhishwe kugridi. Ngokufanayo, lapho uhlelo luthola amandla athunyelwa kusuka ku-solar array yophahla, ludlulisela lokhu ukuze lushaje i-EV, okufana kakhulu nendlela amashaja e-EV ahlakaniphile asebenza ngayo. Ukuze kusebenze amandla okusekela uma kwenzeka ukucima noma isimo esiphuthumayo, uhlelo lwe-V2H kumele lukwazi ukubona ukucima kwegridi futhi luyihlukanise nenethiwekhi lusebenzisa i-contactor ezenzakalelayo (iswishi). Lokhu kwaziwa ngokuthi yi-islanding, futhi i-inverter ehambisanayo isebenza njenge-inverter engaphandle kwegridi esebenzisa ibhethri le-EV. Imishini yokuhlukanisa igridi iyadingeka ukuze kusebenze ukusebenza kokusekela, njengama-inverter e-hybrid asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zebhethri zokusekela.