Kodi ntchito ya V2H V2G V2L ndi yotani?

Kodi ntchito zochaja mbali zonse ziwiri ndi ziti?
Ma charger a Bidirectional angagwiritsidwe ntchito pazinthu ziwiri zosiyana. Choyamba komanso chomwe chimakambidwa kwambiri ndi Galimoto-to-grid kapena V2G, yopangidwa kuti itumize kapena kutumiza mphamvu mu gridi yamagetsi pamene kufunikira kuli kwakukulu. Ngati magalimoto zikwizikwi okhala ndi ukadaulo wa V2G alumikizidwa ndikuyatsidwa, izi zitha kusintha momwe magetsi amasungidwira ndikupangidwa pamlingo waukulu. Ma EV ali ndi mabatire akuluakulu, amphamvu, kotero mphamvu yophatikizana ya magalimoto zikwizikwi okhala ndi V2G ikhoza kukhala yayikulu kwambiri. Dziwani kuti V2X ndi mawu omwe nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza mitundu yonse itatu yomwe yafotokozedwa pansipa.

Galimoto kupita ku gridi kapena V2G - EV imatumiza mphamvu kunja kuti ithandizire gridi yamagetsi.
Mphamvu yamagetsi yochokera pagalimoto kupita kunyumba kapena V2H imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa magetsi panyumba kapena bizinesi.
Galimoto yoti ipatsidwe katundu kapena V2L * – EV ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kupatsa mphamvu zida zamagetsi kapena kuchajitsa ma EV ena
* V2L siifuna chojambulira cha mbali zonse ziwiri kuti igwire ntchito

Kugwiritsa ntchito kwachiwiri kwa ma charger a EV ozungulira mbali zonse ziwiri ndi kwa magalimoto ochokera kunyumba kupita ku galimoto kapena V2H. Monga momwe mayina akusonyezera, V2H imalola kuti EV igwiritsidwe ntchito ngati makina a batri apakhomo kuti isunge mphamvu yochulukirapo ya dzuwa ndikuyendetsa nyumba yanu. Mwachitsanzo, makina wamba a batri apakhomo, monga Tesla Powerwall, ali ndi mphamvu ya 13.5kWh. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, EV yapakati imakhala ndi mphamvu ya 65kWh, yofanana ndi pafupifupi ma Powerwall asanu a Tesla. Chifukwa cha mphamvu yayikulu ya batri, EV yodzaza ndi mphamvu imatha kuthandizira nyumba yapakati kwa masiku angapo otsatizana kapena kupitirira apo ikaphatikizidwa ndi solar ya padenga.

galimoto kupita ku gridi – V2G
Galimoto kupita ku gridi (V2G) ndi komwe gawo laling'ono la mphamvu ya batri ya EV yosungidwa imatumizidwa ku gridi yamagetsi ikafunika, kutengera dongosolo lautumiki. Kuti mutenge nawo mbali mu mapulogalamu a V2G, chojambulira cha DC cholunjika mbali zonse ziwiri ndi EV yogwirizana nayo zimafunika. Zachidziwikire, pali zolimbikitsira zachuma kuti muchite izi ndipo eni ake a EV amapatsidwa ngongole kapena ndalama zochepa zamagetsi. Ma EV okhala ndi V2G amathanso kulola mwiniwake kutenga nawo mbali mu pulogalamu ya virtual power plant (VPP) kuti akonze kukhazikika kwa gridi ndikupereka mphamvu panthawi yomwe magetsi amafunidwa kwambiri. Ma EV ochepa okha pakadali pano ali ndi mphamvu yochaja ya V2G ndi bidirectional DC; izi zikuphatikizapo Nissan Leaf (ZE1) ya mtundu waposachedwa ndi Mitsubishi Outlander kapena Eclipse plug-in hybrids.

Ngakhale kuti anthu ambiri akulengeza za nkhaniyi, vuto limodzi lomwe likuchitika chifukwa cha kuyambitsidwa kwa ukadaulo wa V2G ndi mavuto okhudzana ndi malamulo komanso kusowa kwa njira zoyatsira magetsi ziwiri ndi zolumikizira. Ma charger a bidirectional, monga ma solar inverters, amaonedwa kuti ndi njira ina yopangira magetsi ndipo ayenera kukwaniritsa miyezo yonse ya chitetezo ndi kutseka kwa magetsi pakagwa vuto la gridi. Pofuna kuthana ndi zovutazi, opanga magalimoto ena, monga Ford, apanga njira zosavuta zoyatsira magetsi ziwiri za AC zomwe zimagwira ntchito ndi ma Ford EV okha kuti apereke magetsi kunyumba m'malo motumiza kunja ku gridi. Ena, monga Nissan, amagwiritsa ntchito ma charger a bidirectional monga Wallbox Quasar, omwe afotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane pansipa. Dziwani zambiri za ubwino wa ukadaulo wa V2G.
Masiku ano, magalimoto ambiri amagetsi ali ndi doko loyimilira la CCS DC. Pakadali pano, EV yokhayo yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito doko la CCS pochaja maulendo awiri ndi Ford F-150 Lightning EV yomwe yatulutsidwa posachedwapa. Komabe, magalimoto ambiri amagetsi okhala ndi madoko olumikizira a CCS adzapezeka ndi mphamvu ya V2H ndi V2G posachedwa, pomwe VW yalengeza kuti magalimoto ake amagetsi a ID akhoza kupereka mphamvu yochaja maulendo awiri nthawi ina mu 2023.
2. Galimoto Yopita Kunyumba – V2H
Galimoto yochokera kunyumba kupita ku galimoto (V2H) ndi yofanana ndi V2G, koma mphamvuyo imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'deralo kupatsa mphamvu nyumba m'malo moiyika mu gridi yamagetsi. Izi zimathandiza kuti EV igwire ntchito ngati batire wamba yapakhomo kuti ithandize kuwonjezera mphamvu yodziyimira payokha, makamaka ikaphatikizidwa ndi solar ya padenga. Komabe, phindu loonekeratu la V2H ndi kuthekera kopereka mphamvu yowonjezera panthawi ya mdima.

Kuti V2H igwire ntchito, imafunika chojambulira cha magetsi cha mbali ziwiri (bidirectional EV charger) chogwirizana ndi zida zina, kuphatikizapo choyezera mphamvu (CT meter) chomwe chimayikidwa pamalo olumikizira magetsi akuluakulu. Choyezera cha magetsi cha CT chimayang'anira kayendedwe ka mphamvu kupita ndi kuchokera ku gridi. Dongosolo likazindikira mphamvu ya magetsi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba mwanu, limadziwitsa chojambulira cha magetsi cha mbali ziwiri (bidirectional EV charger) kuti chitulutse mphamvu yofanana, motero chimachotsa mphamvu iliyonse yochokera ku gridi. Momwemonso, dongosolo likazindikira mphamvu yomwe ikutumizidwa kuchokera ku solar array ya padenga, limasinthira izi kuti lizichajire EV, zomwe zikufanana kwambiri ndi momwe ma charger anzeru a EV amagwirira ntchito. Kuti magetsi azimitse kapena mwadzidzidzi, dongosolo la V2H liyenera kuzindikira kuzima kwa magetsi ndikulipatula ku netiweki pogwiritsa ntchito cholumikizira chokha (switch). Izi zimadziwika kuti islanding, ndipo chosinthira magetsi cha mbali ziwiri (bidirectional inverter) chimagwira ntchito ngati chosinthira magetsi cha off-grid pogwiritsa ntchito batire ya EV. Zipangizo zodzipatula za gridi zimafunika kuti zithandizire kugwira ntchito kwa magetsi, monga ma inverter a hybrid omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makina a batire osungira.