Ishishini le-EV laseVietnam: Ukuqonda ithuba le-B2B kwiinkampani zangaphandle

Phakathi kotshintsho olukhulu lwehlabathi oluguqula ikamva lezothutho, imakethi yezithuthi zombane (i-EV) imi phambili ekuveliseni izinto ezintsha kumazwe amaninzi kwihlabathi liphela kwaye iVietnam ayifani.

Oku akupheleli nje ekubeni yinto ekhokelwa ngabathengi. Njengoko ishishini le-EV likhula ngamandla, intsebenziswano phakathi kweshishini neshishini (B2B) iqalile, apho iinkampani zinokubonelela ngeenxalenye kunye neenxalenye okanye iinkonzo ezincedisayo zivula amathuba amaninzi anenzuzo. Ukususela kwimfuno ekhulayo yeziseko zokutshaja ze-EV ukuya kumhlaba oguquguqukayo wokwenziwa nokunikezelwa kweebhetri, kukho amathuba amaninzi alindelekileyo.

Kodwa eVietnam, eli shishini alikaphuhli. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, iinkampani ezikwimarike zinokuzuza kwinzuzo yokuqala; nangona kunjalo, oku kungaba likrele elintlangothi-mbini kuba kunokufuneka zityale imali ekuphuhliseni imakethi iyonke.

Sicinga ngale nto, sinikezela ngesishwankathelo esifutshane samathuba e-B2B kwishishini lezithuthi zombane eVietnam.

Imingeni yokungena kwimarike ye-EV yaseVietnam
Iziseko zophuhliso
Imakethi ye-EV eVietnam ijongene nemiqobo emininzi enxulumene neziseko zophuhliso. Ngenxa yokwanda kwemfuno yee-EV, ukusekwa kwenethiwekhi yokutshaja eqinileyo kuba yimfuneko ukuxhasa ukwamkelwa ngokubanzi. Nangona kunjalo, iVietnam okwangoku ijongene nemida ngenxa yokunqongophala kwezikhululo zokutshaja, ukungoneli kwamandla egridi yamandla, kunye nokungabikho kwemigaqo yokutshaja eqhelekileyo. Ngenxa yoko, ezi zinto zinokubangela ubunzima bokusebenza kumashishini.
“Kukwakho nemingeni yokuhlangabezana nenjongo yoshishino lwe-EV yokuguqula izithuthi, njengenkqubo yeziseko zophuhliso zothutho engakahlangabezani notshintsho olunamandla oluya kumbane,” uSekela Mphathiswa wezoThutho, uLe Anh Tuan, uxelele iworkshop ngasekupheleni konyaka ophelileyo.

Oku kubonisa ukuba urhulumente uyazi kakuhle iingxaki zesakhiwo kwaye kusenokwenzeka ukuba uza kuxhasa amaphulo akhokelwa licandelo labucala ekuphuculeni iziseko ezibalulekileyo ezincedayo.

Ukhuphiswano oluvela kubadlali abaziwayo
Umngeni onokubakho kubantu bamanye amazwe abathatha inxaxheba kwindlela yokulinda nokubona unokuvela kukhuphiswano olukhulu kwimarike yaseVietnam. Njengoko amandla oshishino lwe-EV lwaseVietnam esanda, ukwanda kwamashishini angaphandle angena kweli candelo likhulayo kunokubangela ukhuphiswano olukhulu.

Amashishini e-B2B kwimarike ye-EV yaseVietnam awajongani nje kuphela nokhuphiswano oluvela kubadlali abaziwayo basekhaya, njengeVinFast, kodwa nakwamanye amazwe. Aba badlali badla ngokuba namava amaninzi, izixhobo, kunye neekhonkco zokubonelela ezisemgangathweni. Abadlali abakhulu kweli shishini, njengeTesla (e-USA), iBYD (eTshayina), kunye neVolkswagen (eJamani), bonke banezithuthi zombane ezinokuba ngumceli mngeni ukukhuphisana nazo.

Imeko-bume yomgaqo-nkqubo kunye nemithetho
Imakethi ye-EV, njengakwezinye iimboni, ichaphazeleka yimigaqo-nkqubo nemigaqo karhulumente. Nokuba sele kufikelelwe kwintsebenziswano phakathi kweenkampani ezimbini, zisenokujongana nemingeni enxulumene nokuhamba kwimithetho enzima nehlala itshintsha, ukufumana iimvume ezifunekayo, kunye nokuthobela imigangatho yomgangatho.

Kutshanje, urhulumente waseVietnam ukhuphe umyalelo olawula ukuhlolwa nokuqinisekiswa kokhuseleko lobuchwephesha kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo kwiimoto neenxalenye ezingenisiweyo. Oku kongeza ulwahlulo olongezelelweyo lwemigaqo yabangenisi. Lo myalelo uza kuqala ukusebenza kwiinxalenye zeemoto ukususela nge-1 ka-Okthobha 2023, uze emva koko usebenze kwiimoto ezenziwe ngokupheleleyo ukususela ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti 2025.

Imigaqo-nkqubo efana nale inokuba nefuthe elikhulu ekusebenzeni nasekuzuzeni kwamashishini asebenza kwicandelo le-EV. Ngaphezu koko, utshintsho kwimigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente, izibonelelo, kunye neenkxaso-mali zinokubangela ukungaqiniseki kwaye zichaphazele ucwangciso lweshishini lwexesha elide.

Ukufunyanwa kweetalente, umsantsa wezakhono
Ukuze kubekho izivumelwano ze-B2B eziphumelelayo, abasebenzi badlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu. Njengoko ishishini likhula, kukho imfuneko yeengcali ezinezakhono ezinolwazi kwitekhnoloji ye-EV. Nangona kunjalo, ukufumana iingcali ezinezakhono kunokuba ngumceli mngeni kumashishini aseVietnam njengoko kusekho ukunqongophala kwamaziko emfundo aqeqesha ngokukodwa eli shishini. Ke ngoko, iinkampani zinokujongana nemiqobo ekuqesheni nasekugcineni abasebenzi abanezakhono. Ukongeza, isantya esikhawulezayo sokuqhubela phambili kwetekhnoloji sifuna uqeqesho oluqhubekayo kunye nokuphucula izakhono zabasebenzi abakhoyo, nto leyo enokwenza ingxaki ibe mandundu ngakumbi.

Amathuba
Nangona kukho imingeni ekhoyo kwimarike ye-EV yasekhaya, kuyacaca ukuba imveliso ye-EV iya kuqhubeka ikhula njengoko iingxaki ezijikeleze ungcoliseko lomoya, ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni, kunye nokuncipha kwezixhobo zamandla zisanda.

Ngaphakathi kwimeko yaseVietnam, ukwanda okunomdla kubathengi ekusetyenzisweni kwee-EV kuye kwabonakala ngakumbi. Inani lee-EV eVietnam kulindeleke ukuba lifikelele kwiiyunithi ezi-1 yezigidi ngo-2028 kunye neeyunithi ezi-3.5 yezigidi ngo-2040, ngokutsho kweStatista. Le mfuno iphezulu kulindeleke ukuba ixhase amanye amashishini axhasayo, anje ngeziseko zophuhliso, izisombululo zokutshaja, kunye neenkonzo ze-EV ezincedisayo. Ngenxa yoko, ishishini le-EV elisanda kuvela eVietnam libonelela ngesiseko esivundileyo sentsebenziswano ye-B2B namathuba okwenza intsebenziswano yeqhinga kunye nokusebenzisa eli candelo lemarike likhulayo.

Ukuveliswa kwezinto kunye netekhnoloji
EVietnam, kukho amathuba abalulekileyo e-B2B kwicandelo lezixhobo zezithuthi kunye nobuchwepheshe. Ukuhlanganiswa kwee-EV kwimarike yeemoto kuye kwabangela imfuno yezinto ezahlukeneyo ezifana namatayara kunye nezixhobo ezingasetyenziswayo kunye nemfuno yoomatshini abaphezulu.
Umzekelo obalulekileyo kweli candelo yi-ABB yaseSweden, enikezele ngeerobhothi ezingaphezu kwe-1,000 kumzi-mveliso weVinFast eHai Phong. Ngezi robhothi, iVinFast ijolise ekuphuculeni imveliso yeemoto zombane kunye neemoto. Oku kubonisa amandla eenkampani zamazwe ngamazwe okufaka isandla kubuchule bazo kwi-robotics kunye ne-automation ukuxhasa imveliso yasekhaya.

Olunye uphuhliso olubalulekileyo lutyalo-mali lweFoxconn kwiphondo laseQuang Ninh, apho inkampani ivunyiwe ngurhulumente waseVietnam ukuba ityale imali eyi-US$246 yezigidi kwiiprojekthi ezimbini. Inxalenye enkulu yolu tyalo-mali, olufikelela kwi-US$200 yezigidi, iza kwabelwa ukusekwa komzi-mveliso ozinikele ekuveliseni iitshaja ze-EV kunye nezinto ezisetyenziswayo. Oku kulindeleke ukuba kuqale ukusebenza ngoJanuwari 2025.

Ukutshaja kwe-EV kunye nophuhliso lweziseko zophuhliso
Ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kwemarike ye-EV kufuna utyalo-mali olukhulu, ingakumbi kuphuhliso lweziseko zophuhliso. Oku kuquka ukwakha izikhululo zokutshaja kunye nokuphucula iigridi zombane. Kule ndawo, iVietnam ivuthwe ngamathuba entsebenziswano.

Umzekelo, isivumelwano esisayinwe phakathi kwePetrolimex Group kunye neVinFast ngoJuni 2022 siza kubona izikhululo zokutshaja zeVinFast zifakelwa kuthungelwano olubanzi lwezikhululo zepetroli zePetrolimex. I-VinFast iza kubonelela ngeenkonzo zokuqesha iibhetri kwaye iququzelele ukudalwa kwezikhululo zokulungisa ezizinikele ekulungiseni ii-EV.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwezikhululo zokutshaja kwizikhululo zepetroli ezikhoyo akwenzi nje kuphela ukuba kube lula ngakumbi kubanini bee-EV ukutshaja izithuthi zabo kodwa kukwanceda ukusetyenziswa kweziseko zophuhliso ezikhoyo kuzise iingenelo kumashishini asakhasayo nalawo emveli kwicandelo leemoto.

Ukuqonda imakethi yeenkonzo ze-EV
Ishishini le-EV linikezela ngeenkonzo ezahlukeneyo ngaphandle kokuvelisa, kubandakanya ukuqeshisa i-EV kunye nezisombululo zokuhamba.

Iinkonzo zeVinFast kunye neeTekisi
I-VinFast ithathe isigqibo sokuqeshisa iimoto zayo zombane kwiinkampani zeenkonzo zothutho. Okuphawulekayo kukuba, inkampani yabo engaphantsi, iGreen Sustainable Mobility (GSM), ibe yenye yeenkampani zokuqala eVietnam ukubonelela ngale nkonzo.
ILado Taxi ikwadibanise iiVinFast EVs eziphantse zibe yi-1,000, kuquka iimodeli, ezifana neVF e34s kunye neVF 5sPlus, kwiinkonzo zazo zeeteksi zombane kumaphondo afana noLam Dong kunye noBinh Duong.

Kwenye into ebalulekileyo, iSun Taxi ityikitye isivumelwano neVinFast sokuthenga iimoto ezingama-3,000 zeVF 5s Plus, ezimele ukuthengwa kweenqwelo-mafutha ezinkulu eVietnam ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ngokutsho kweVingroup Financial Report H1 2023.

Iimoto zeSelex kunye neLazada Logistics
NgoMeyi walo nyaka, iSelex Motors kunye neLazada Logistics batyikitye isivumelwano sokusebenzisa ii-scooter zombane zeSelex Camel kwimisebenzi yabo eHo Chi Minh City naseHanoi. Njengenxalenye yesivumelwano, iSelex Motors yanikezela ii-scooter zombane kwiLazada Logistics ngoDisemba ka-2022, kunye nezicwangciso zokusebenzisa ubuncinci i-100 yezithuthi ezinjalo ngo-2023.

Dat Bike kunye neGojek
I-Dat Bike, inkampani yezikuta zombane yaseVietnam, ithathe inyathelo elikhulu kushishino lwezothutho xa yangena kwintsebenziswano enobuchule neGojek ngoMeyi walo nyaka. Le ntsebenziswano ijolise ekuguquleni iinkonzo zothutho ezinikezelwa yiGojek, kuquka iGoRide yokuthutha abakhweli, iGoFood yokuhambisa ukutya, kunye neGoSend ngeenjongo zokuhambisa ngokubanzi. Ukuze yenze oku, iza kusebenzisa isithuthuthu sombane esiphambili seDat Bike, iDat Bike Weaver++, kwimisebenzi yayo.

I-VinFast, i-Be Group, kunye ne-VPBank
I-VinFast ityale imali ngokuthe ngqo kwinkampani yeemoto zobuchwepheshe ye-Be Group, kwaye ityikitye isivumelwano sokuqondana sokuqalisa ukusebenza kweemoto zombane ze-VinFast. Ngaphezu koko, ngenkxaso ye-Vietnam Prosperity Commercial Joint Stock Bank (VPBank), abaqhubi be-Be Group banikwa izibonelelo ezikhethekileyo xa kufikwa ekuqeshweni okanye ekubeni nemoto yombane ye-VinFast.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzithathe
Njengoko imakethi ikhula kwaye iinkampani ziqinisa isikhundla sazo kwimarike, zifuna inethiwekhi eqinileyo yababoneleli, ababoneleli ngeenkonzo, kunye namaqabane ukuze baqhubeke nemisebenzi yabo ukuze bahlangabezane neemfuno ezikhulayo. Oku kuvula amathuba entsebenziswano ye-B2B kunye nobudlelwane nabantu abatsha abangenayo abanokubonelela ngezisombululo ezintsha, izinto ezikhethekileyo, okanye iinkonzo ezongezelelweyo.

Nangona kusekho imida kunye nobunzima kumashishini kweli shishini likhulayo, akukho nto ingenakuphikwa malunga namathuba exesha elizayo njengoko ukwamkelwa kwe-EV kuhambelana nemiyalelo yesenzo semozulu kunye nobuthathaka babathengi.

Ngokubambisana ngobuchule be-supply chain kunye nokubonelela ngeenkonzo emva kokuthengisa, amashishini e-B2B anokusebenzisa amandla omnye komnye, akhuthaze ubuchule, kwaye anegalelo ekukhuleni nasekuphuhlisweni kweshishini le-EV laseVietnam.