Umthetho waseCalifornia: Izimoto zikagesi kumele zibe namandla okushaja i-V2G

Umthetho waseCalifornia: Izimoto zikagesi kumele zibe namandla okushaja i-V2G

Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi ukwamukelwa kabanzi kokusebenza kwe-V2G ezimotweni zikagesi ezijwayelekile ze-CCS1 kanye nezindawo zokushaja sekuyinto edingekayo emakethe.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngoMeyi, iMaryland yasungula iphakheji yamandla ahlanzekile ukuze kukhuthazwe ukusetshenziswa kwamandla elanga ezindaweni zokuhlala kanye nezentengiselwano, kuhloswe ukuhlangabezana nesidingo sikahulumeni sokuthi amandla elanga abe ngu-14.5% wokukhiqizwa okuphelele ngo-2028.

Ngemva nje kwephakeji laseMaryland, umthetho waseColorado wayala inkampani enkulu kunazo zonke esifundazweni, i-Xcel Energy, ukuthi isungule uhlelo lwe-VPP lwentela yesinxephezelo esisekelwe ekusebenzeni ngoFebhuwari, ngenkathi isebenzisa izinyathelo zokwenza lula izinqubo zokuxhumanisa igridi nokuthuthukisa amanethiwekhi okusabalalisa ukuze kuncishiswe imikhawulo yamandla.

I-Xcel kanye ne-Fermata Energy nabo balandela uhlelo lokuhlola lokushaja i-EV olungase lube yiphayona eBoulder, eColorado. Lolu hlelo luzothuthukisa ukuqonda kwe-Xcel ngemiphumela yokulawula kanye nezinzuzo zokuqina kwezimpahla zokushaja eziqondiswe ohlangothini ngalunye.

Buyini ubuchwepheshe be-V2G? I-V2G, noma i-Vehicle-to-Grid, ubuchwepheshe obusha obuvumela izimoto zikagesi (ama-EV) ukuthi zihlanganyele ekushintshisaneni kwamandla okuqondiswa kwezinhlangothi ezimbili negridi. Embindini wayo, lobu buchwepheshe buvumela ama-EV ukuthi angagcini nje ngokudonsa amandla kugridi ukuze ashaje kodwa futhi nokunikeza amandla agciniwe abuyele kugridi uma kudingeka, ngaleyo ndlela kube lula ukugeleza kwamandla ngezindlela ezimbili.

Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko Zobuchwepheshe be-V2G

Ukuguquguquka Kwegridi Okuthuthukisiwe: Ubuchwepheshe be-V2G busebenzisa amabhethri ezimoto zikagesi njengezivikelo zegridi, buhlinzeka ngamandla ngezikhathi zesidingo esikhulu ukusiza ekulinganiseni umthwalo. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwegridi nokuthembeka.

Ukukhuthaza Ukuhlanganiswa Kwamandla Avuselelekayo: I-V2G ivumela ukugcinwa kwamandla omoya amaningi kanye namandla elanga, inciphisa imfucuza evela emithonjeni evuselelekayo futhi isekele ukwamukelwa nokuhlanganiswa kwayo okubanzi.

Izinzuzo zezomnotho: Abanikazi bezimoto zikagesi bangathola imali engenayo eyengeziwe ngokuthengisa ugesi kugridi, ngaleyo ndlela banciphise izindleko zobunikazi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abaqhubi bezimoto zikagesi banganciphisa izindleko zokusebenza ngobuchwepheshe be-V2G.

Ukubamba iqhaza ezimakethe zamandla: I-V2G ivumela ama-EV ukuthi ahlanganyele ezimakethe zamandla, ikhiqize izikhuthazo zomnotho kubanikazi ngokuhweba ngamandla kanye nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kohlelo lonke lwamandla.

Izinhlelo zokusebenza zobuchwepheshe be-V2G kwamanye amazwe Amazwe amaningi nezifunda emhlabeni jikelele acwaninga futhi asebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-V2G (iMoto-kuya-kuGridi).

Izibonelo zifaka:

E-United States, ngale kohlaka lwezomthetho lwaseCalifornia, ezinye izifundazwe ezifana neVirginia zithuthukisa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-V2G ukuze kuqiniswe ukuzinza kwegridi kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwamandla avuselelekayo. Izimoto ezifaka phakathi i-Nissan Leaf kanye ne-Ford F-150 Lightning sezivele zisekela i-V2G, kanti i-Tesla isimemezele izinhlelo zokuhlomisa zonke izimoto zayo ngamandla okushaja aqondiswe kabili ngo-2025. Iphrojekthi yaseJalimane ethi 'Bidirektionales Lademanagement – ​​BDL' iphenya ukuthi izimoto zikagesi eziqondiswe kabili zingahlanganiswa kanjani nezinhlelo zamandla, ihlose ukuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwegridi kanye nokwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla avuselelekayo. Iphrojekthi yase-UK ethi 'Electric Nation Vehicle to Grid' iphenya ukuthi ukushaja kwe-V2G kuhlangana kanjani negridi futhi kuletha izinsizakalo kuyo. Isinyathelo saseDashi esithi "PowerParking" sisebenzisa izindawo zokupaka zelanga ukushaja izimoto zikagesi ngenkathi sihlola izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-V2G ekuphathweni kwamandla okuhlakaniphile. I-'Realising Electric Vehicles-to-grid Services (REVS)' yase-Australia ibonisa ukuthi ama-EV angahlinzeka kanjani ngezinsizakalo zokulawula imvamisa kugridi ngobuchwepheshe be-V2G. Iphrojekthi ye-'Azores' yasePortugal ihlole ubuchwepheshe be-V2G kuma-Azores, isebenzisa amabhethri ezimoto zikagesi ukugcina amandla ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwamandla omoya ebusuku. Iphrojekthi ye-'V2X Suisse' yaseSweden ihlole izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-V2G ngaphakathi kwezimoto nokuthi i-V2G ingaletha kanjani izinsizakalo zokuguquguquka kugridi. Iphrojekthi ye-Paker, ukubambisana phakathi kwe-Technical University yaseDenmark ne-Nissan, isebenzise izimoto zikagesi ukuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokulawula imvamisa, okubonisa amandla okuhweba ama-EV azimele anikeza ukulawulwa kwemvamisa ngezikhathi zokupaka ebusuku. Esikhumulweni Sezindiza sase-Oslo eNorway, izindawo zokushaja ze-V2G kanye nezimoto eziqinisekiswe yi-V2G (njenge-Nissan Leaf) bezilokhu zihilelekile ezifundweni zokuhlola. Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukulinganisa amandla okuguquguquka kwamabhethri e-EV. IJapan neNingizimu Korea nazo zithuthukisa ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe be-V2G: I-KEPCO yaseJapan ithuthukise uhlelo lwe-V2G oluvumela izimoto zikagesi ukuthi zinikeze ugesi kugridi ngezikhathi zesidingo esikhulu. Ucwaningo ngobuchwepheshe be-V2G yi-Korea Electric Power Corporation (KEPCO) luhlose ukwenza ngcono ukunikezwa kwamandla egridi ngezinhlelo zokugcina amabhethri ezimoto zikagesi. Ubukhulu bemakethe yobuchwepheshe bayo bokuhlanganisa izimoto negridi kulindeleke ukuthi bufinyelele ku-US$700 million (₩747 billion) ngo-2026. I-Hyundai Mobis iphinde yaba yinkampani yokuqala eNingizimu Korea ukuthola imvume yokushaja i-bidirectional ngebhentshi lokuhlola le-V2G.